Hemorrhoids are a disease in which the veins of the anus and rectum expand. There are two types of it. This is external hemorrhoids, when the external veins of the rectum are affected and the skin-covered hemorrhoidal nodes come out , and internal, when the veins in the rectum expand inside. Due to the fact that hemorrhoids appear outside, people go to the doctor with a complaint that they have "got hemorrhoids." But, the so-called "bumps" are formed with internal hemorrhoids and they also require treatment.
What causes hemorrhoids?
Irregular and improper diet, weight lifting, alcohol abuse, uncontrolled intake of laxative drugs can trigger the development of this disease.
Hemorrhoids have different causes . The main one is stagnation of blood in the veins of the pelvis and rectum. When strong pressure is exerted on the venous wall, it overflows with blood. If this phenomenon is repeated systematically and lasts for a long time, hemorrhoids occur. The causes of increased pressure on the walls of the veins can be different: a sedentary lifestyle (provoking blood stasis), heavy physical exertion (for example, associated with the profession), a growing tumor, constant constipation. The pregnant uterus exerts characteristic pressure, as well as abnormal attempts during the birth process.
Congenital structural features of the veins of the anus and rectum can provoke stagnation. In the case when the weakness of the walls of the veins is due to heredity, hemorrhoids can also develop. The reasons in each case are individual and the treatment tactics depend on their identification.
Often, young people are susceptible to this disease. Although it is noticed that according to statistics, it is more often precisely in the elderly and senile age that hemorrhoids develop. The reasons for this phenomenon are easily explained by the mechanism of a gradual decrease in vital activity, resulting in intestinal atony.
The development of hemorrhoids has several stages. The feeling of some inconvenience over time begins to be accompanied by itching pain and a feeling of heaviness in the anus, constipation becomes more frequent. Exercise or taking alcohol only reinforce these sensations. In the future, the so-called hemorrhoidal bleeding appears. Inflammation of the nodes and blockages provoke acute paroxysmal pain, which may be accompanied by constipation, fever and other symptoms. If the disease is not treated in a timely manner, it becomes paraproctitis.
Hemorrhoids have a chronic course with alternating periods of remission and exacerbation. During a lull, a person feels absolutely healthy. But in the future, calm intervals become shorter, bleeding intensifies. Even the internal nodes fall out and infringe, they swell, become dense, acquire a blue or black color, cause severe acute pain.
Therefore, with any inconvenience during the act of defecation, burning in the anus, and even more so with the appearance of hemorrhoids and blood in the stool, you need to contact a specialist. Such patients should be under the supervision of a proctologist or surgeon, and if inflammation intensifies, seek help. Independent reduction of the fallen nodes will only aggravate the course of the disease, often it leads to severe bleeding and other complications.
The effectiveness of the treatment performed by the surgeon depends on the timely treatment of him at an early stage of the disease. In complex cases, only surgery can help.
What is the prevention of the disease? First of all, it is necessary to eliminate the causes of hemorrhoids: constipation, lack of exercise, malnutrition, forced prolonged stay in one position. You need to accustom your body to daily bowel movements, preferably at the same time. During exacerbation, do not drink alcohol and foods that cause constipation. Preference should be given to fruits and vegetables, rich in fiber, cereals. It is necessary to do gymnastics stably, if possible it is good to perform at least some exercises from the complex a couple of times during the working day. Moreover, people who work mainly standing, need to include exercises that are performed while sitting, and for workers sitting - exercises that are performed in a standing position.