One of the vital elements for the normal functioning of our body are purine bases, which are part of human DNA and RNA (deoxyribonucleic and ribonucleic acids known since school). Now we will not go deep into the school curriculum and describe each substance - one page will not be enough, we will briefly explain that these complex organic acids carry out the transmission of the genetic code and participate in protein synthesis.
This is enough to understand the importance of the work of organic compounds - without the existence of purines it is impossible to imagine the life of the human race as a biological population. The decay and synthesis of these bases are constant biochemical reactions that occur in the body of every person on earth. Purine metabolism occurs periodically in our liver, and the product of these processes is uric acid. The norm of this acid ranges from 0.35 mmol.
This substance was first found in biological fluid, as a result of which it received its name. Through the kidneys, uric acid is excreted from the body, saving it from excess nitrogen, which is found in many organs: heart, liver, brain. In blood plasma, this acid circulates in the form of sodium urate; it directly depends on the level of concentration of this trace element. With an increase in the amount of sodium urate in human blood, uric acid is accordingly added. The norm of its content, as mentioned above, should not exceed 0.35 mmol (per liter of blood).
If this indicator increases, then the deposition of crystallized urates in the tissues of the body occurs. In fact, the level of concentration of this acid in the blood has not far departed from the threshold of its crystallization, in this regard, its slightest increase will provoke the appearance of a solid precipitate - it will subsequently be deposited in our body.
There are many different factors leading to an increased content of urates, these can be diets rich in organic bases, diseases of the blood, kidneys, heart, as well as oncological and allergic processes and even severe toxicosis during pregnancy. Most often, the main reason for the deposition of uric acid urate is still the abuse of alcohol. Crystals can form in all internal organs, but most often they settle on the joints. Their formation often leads to such a pathology as gout.
When diagnosing gout in a person, the true cause of this disease is first established. This will not only allow you to prescribe the correct treatment, but also to find out the presence of another disease, which may have served as the starting point for the onset of gout. The following symptoms indicate primary gout: an increase in the synthesis of uric acid or difficulty in its elimination.
Secondary gout is diagnosed in the presence of another disease - the rate of uric acid in the blood for all types of this disease will be increased. First of all, it is necessary to treat not so much the joints, but how much the focus of inflammation - gout will disappear on its own after effective therapy. But in addition to gout, urolithiasis may occur , which occurs when uric acid is concentrated in the body. The rate of urate in plasma rises sharply and leads to this pathology.
In this case, solid sediments form in the bladder or in the kidneys, often leading to urinary retention. These calculi can cause inflammatory complications and can even damage the surface of the internal organs in which they are located. Reduced uric acid is also of diagnostic value. Its norm should not be lower than 0.15 mmol.
A low concentration of uric acid may indicate the presence of acquired or hereditary diseases. If there is a mismatch in the plasma of normative indicators of uric acid, it is necessary, first of all, to review the diet, exclude coffee, alcohol, chocolate and include fresh vegetables (spinach, radishes, asparagus) in the menu.