Some substances available in any home conceal many useful and not always well-known properties. For example, ordinary soda, which any housewife has. What are its properties, does baking soda dissolve in water, how can it be used? Below we will answer these questions.
General information
Soda is the common name for all sodium salts of carbonic acid. The chemical name of baking soda is sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, baking soda, sodium bicarbonate (not to be confused with sodium carbonate - soda ash with the formula Na2CO3). The formula for drinking soda is NaHCO3. It is a powder of the smallest white crystals with a salty taste.
Natural soda is extracted from the mineral of the throne, as well as from the water of some lakes. However, soda lakes, as well as the mineral from which it is obtained, are few. Nowadays, most of the sodium bicarbonate is produced in factories. The artificial production of baking soda began in 1861.
Some chemical properties of soda
Despite the alkaline properties of the soda solution, for example, the neutralization of acids, chemically it is a salt (acid salt of sodium and carbonic acid). It is explosion-proof, non-flammable under normal conditions, and non-toxic. In acid solutions, soda decomposes into new acid salts, carbon dioxide and water.
Does baking soda dissolve in water
As already mentioned, soda does not completely dissolve in acids, but turns into other substances. Does baking soda dissolve in water? The answer is yes, it dissolves well with the formation of other substances. In general, soda interacts better with hot water, in the cold it is slightly soluble. An aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate has a slightly alkaline reaction. A characteristic hissing sound when dissolving soda occurs due to the release of carbon dioxide. The formula for the reaction of soda with water is: NaHCO 3 + H 2 O ↔ H 2 CO 3 (H 2 O + CO 2 ) + NaOH. That is, when interacting with water, sodium bicarbonate decomposes into sodium hydroxide, which gives alkalinity to water, and carbonic acid, which, in turn, immediately decomposes into water and carbon dioxide.
Below are the values of the solubility of sodium bicarbonate in water of different temperatures in percent (conventionally taken 1 gram of soda per 100 grams of water):
- 6.9 - 0 ° C;
- 8.2 - 10 ° C;
- 9.6 - 20 ° C;
- 10.4 - 25 ° C;
- 11.1 - 30 ° C;
- 12.7 - 40 ° C;
- 16.4-60 ° C;
- 20.2 - 80 ° C;
- 24.3 - 100 ° C.
Experiments with soda
At home, you can conduct a series of cognitive experiments with soda, demonstrating its properties. They will be of interest to both children and adults who love chemistry. You will need baking soda and acid (citric acid solution - 1-2 teaspoons per glass of water or 9% table vinegar).
- Fill an acid bottle with one third. Pour soda into a balloon, this can be done using a funnel. Put a ball on the neck of the bottle and start pouring soda from it into acid. The ball will be inflated with carbon dioxide from the bottle, resulting from the interaction of soda and acid.
- Pour hot water into a glass container, pour more soda there (for example, 15 tablespoons per glass) and stir until it finishes dissolving. Hang on a thread any small thing, fasten the thread on the outside, and immerse the item in the prepared solution. After about a day, the object will begin to become covered with soda crystals.
- Take a pack of soda (or a little more) and shaving foam, mix them thoroughly. It should turn out not very sticky, but holding the shape of the mass. From this "artificial snow" you can mold a snowman or any other New Year's scenery. When dried, it becomes friable, therefore, if the properties of the mass need to be preserved longer, it is stored in the refrigerator.
The use of soda in the home
Of course, the main application of baking soda in the household is in cooking. Soda, extinguished with vinegar, is used for baking - the dough is lush and soft. It can also be used to make homemade lemonade.
But there are other ways to use it, since sodium bicarbonate has disinfecting properties and can eliminate unpleasant odors.
- To clean and rid the bacteria of the refrigerator, you can wash it inside with a warm solution of soda (a tablespoon per liter of warm water).
- To sanitize plumbing, soda is applied to its surface. Then wipe them with a damp cloth or sponge and rinse with water.
- There is a recipe for pasta with soda, which cleans objects and surfaces from grease and stubborn dirt, as well as limescale. You need to take 50 grams of baby soap (in bars), 550 milliliters of water, one and a half tablespoons of mustard powder and the same amount of soda. Grate the soap on a coarse grater and pour a little hot water into it. Stir while heating and pouring in the remaining water gradually until the soap dissolves. Pour soda there. When the solution has cooled slightly, add mustard powder and beat the mixture.
- To clean the walls of mold and mildew, you need to wash the affected surfaces with a concentrated solution of soda. Soak for a while, then rinse the solution with clean water. After the wall is dried and re-painted.
- To clean aluminum dishes, you need to add a teaspoon of soda to a liter of water and pour the dishes with this solution. Rinse after cleaning with warm water.
- Contaminated areas of enameled dishes are wiped with a dry soda powder with a sponge. It must be remembered that soda can leave small scratches on the enamel.
- The degreasing effect of soda is used when washing greasy dishes with its aqueous solution. It is also able to eliminate tea plaque.
For cleaning wooden products, soda is not used, because the tree under its action becomes a reddish hue.
The use of soda for treatment
The healing properties of baking soda are based on the inherent disinfection and neutralization of acids.
Despite the usefulness of soda, use it with caution. Constant use of it inside leads to disruption of the gastrointestinal tract. Sodium bicarbonate neutralizes acids, therefore, reduces the acidity of gastric juice, resulting in problems with the digestion and assimilation of food, and all the ensuing consequences. Some people use soda for weight loss, but in this case it will be associated with poor health. And the introduction of a solution of soda in the form of injections is all the more dangerous for humans and completely unacceptable.
Home Medicine Recipes
- For sore throats, rinse with a solution of soda (teaspoon per 250 grams of warm water). With inflammation of the gums, oral mucosa and pain in the teeth, you can also alleviate the symptoms with this remedy.
- Boils are treated with lotions with concentrated soda solution, and calluses with trays of soda and hot water.
- If a slurry of soda and water is applied to a place bitten by insects, then the itching will decrease. Water should be cool, as the question: "Does baking soda dissolve in water?" an answer has already been given that it dissolves well in hot and warm water, and in this case the pulp will not work.
- To get rid of heartburn, stir soda in warm water at the rate of 1 teaspoon per glass. Drink in one gulp. It is not necessary to abuse it, and if there are other antacids, it is better to take them. As a very rare, but a side effect has occurred, a stomach rupture occurs as a result of a sharp release of gases after soda intake (as mentioned above, carbon dioxide is released as a result of the interaction of soda with water and acids). Therefore, there may be belching after taking a soda solution.
Beauty Recipes
Sodium bicarbonate is also used for cosmetic purposes.
- To peel the face and cleanse the skin pores, a small amount of soda is added to the usual portion of the face cleanser, which is applied to the skin in a circular motion without rubbing. The product is immediately washed off with warm water. As a result, dead skin cells are exfoliated.
- To make a body scrub, you need to mix two tablespoons of soda with a moisturizer (milk, lotion). On wet skin with a washcloth, apply the mixture to the body. This product softens the skin and soothes shaving irritations.
- Soda solution is able to eliminate puffiness and circles under the eyes. The cotton pads moistened with it are put on the eyelids and stand for about 15 minutes.
- A mask is used for acne and acne: a tablespoon of flour, half a teaspoon of soda and a little water are mixed to make a slurry. The resulting mixture is applied to the face for 10-20 minutes, then washed off with warm water.
- Hair will become soft and shiny if shampooed or conditioned with a tablespoon of soda added to the bottle.
The use of baking soda in industry
In addition to everyday household use, soda is used in the chemical industry, where it is used to produce paints, polystyrene, reagents, household chemicals, fire extinguishers. In the light industry, she is involved in the manufacture of rubber soles, artificial leather, as well as the processing of genuine leather, in the decoration of silk and cotton fabrics. In medicine and pharmaceuticals, soda is used to reduce the acidity of gastric juice and neutralize acid burns on skin burns.
In the food industry, as in home cooking, it is added to bakery and confectionery products, as well as in the manufacture of drinks.