The Russian language has always been and remains an integral part of the culture of our people. Knowing the rules will help make speech rich and rich. Of great importance are the independent parts of speech, especially verbs. Language learning starts at school. It is important to remember the rules so as not to make mistakes when writing and writing sentences. How to check the end of a verb? The answer to this question will be provided in the article.
Verb in Russian
The independent part of speech answers questions of the subject’s action, denotes a state, and acts as a predicate. A constant symptom is view. It can be perfect when the action is completed, and imperfect if it has not yet been completed. All signs related to the verb are taken into account when determining the endings.
Reflexivity is another sign of the verb, as indicated by the suffix -s or -s. It stands after the morpheme, therefore it is called a postfix. Transition is a sign of a part of speech when a verb is combined with a pronoun or noun. For example: I love (what?) Milk. With intransition, the effect on the item does not pass. Reflexive verbs are always such (climb the mountain).
Conjugation is a change in persons and numbers. In Russian, there are I and II species. Part of the speech is presented in several forms, so it is important to know how to check the end of the verb. This includes the infinitive (look), the sacrament (sparkling), the participle (looking), the conjugated species (seen). Part of the speech answers the question of what to do? (if imperfect) what to do? (if perfect). In the Russian language there are verbal forms that act as secondary members.
Depending on the speech situation, the necessary forms of verbs are selected. The conjugated ones have a mood, the infinitive and the participle have no number, in the past tense and the subjunctive mood have a gender. Forms of indicative mood - time.
What is the ending in Russian?
Before you learn how to check the end of a verb, you need to understand what a morpheme is and what it serves. The part of the word that changes expresses the grammatical meaning of the face and number of the verbs. For example, "jumping" is in the 1st person in the singular. “Jumping” - 1st person, singular, “jumping” - 2nd person, plural. Finding an ending is not difficult: you must bow or conjugate a word. The variable part will be the ending.
The personal form is closely related to the person performing the action. Used with a noun and pronoun, difficulties arise only in the presence of an unstressed vowel. This will require knowledge of how to check the unstressed endings of verbs in simple and complex sentences. In grammar, the rules solve this question in a simple way: the verb is translated into the infinitive.
What endings are found in verbs?
In Russian, the conjugation of I and II species is distinguished. In the endings the letter "e" is put, if this is the first; the letter "and" if the second. When checking for unstressed personal endings, you should use the rules. The first conjugation includes infinitive words with the ending -at, -et, -at, -ut, -at, -it, -et. The second conjugation is distinguished by words that end in -it. In personal form - endings with unstressed vowels –y (s), ––. For example: digging - digging - digging - digging - digging - digging - digging.
The personal form of the verbs of the II conjugation is different endings. These include -i, -a (i), y (s), -at, -im, -ite, -at, -yat. For example, to love - love - love - love - love - love - love. The words of the 2nd person singular have an ending with a hissing, after which a soft sign is placed (look, look).
You can learn how to check the end of verbs - you can, if you pay attention to stress. The rules will help not to make mistakes when writing words in which the emphasis on the ending does not fall. It must be remembered that the words of the 2nd conjugation are expressed by infinitive verbs with the ending to -it.
Rules for writing a part of speech with a prefix
Verbs with the prefix have the same conjugation as the same-root word without the prefix. This is important to know in order to understand how to check the end of a verb. The prefix attracts stress. The word “fly” was formed from the word “fly”, in which the shock personal ending, which indicates a second conjugation. Unstressed letters in words with a prefix are checked by selecting an unbalanced verb (sleep - sleep, drink - drink).
Verifying spellings of verbs
Knowing how to check the unstressed personal endings of verbs, you can correctly write and communicate. The words I of conjugation with hissing at the end are verified by stress. Instead of the letter "o" is written "e". For example: attracts, burns.
Verbs in indefinite form end in -th, -that, -thousand, -thread, -thous. To separate the words in the third person from the infinitive, you need to ask a question. In the first case, it will be - what does it do? what is being done ?, in the second - what to do? what to do?
- My brother likes (what to do?) To study.
- He wants (what to do?) To play basketball.
The imperative is written with a soft sign in the singular and plural: sit down - sit down, eat up - eat up, spread out - spread out. The exception is the words lie down - lie down.
How are vowel sounds written in endings?
Infinitive verbs and words in the past tense have the endings 1st, 1st in the 1st person. It is easy to distinguish them by the existing suffix -ova-, -eva- (talk - talk; talk - talk). The words in the 1st person end with –yav, –yav. If they are put in an indefinite form in the past tense, the ending will be –and, ––, stress on the –– is absent. For example: watering - watering, pressing - pressing. The same arrangement of endings is distinguished by a combination of “sing, sing, stress will fall on the letter“ a ”(humming - humming; combining - combining).
Not everyone knows that there are spoken verbs in the Russian language. In them, unstressed personal endings can be both conjugations. In the group are the words “run,” “want,” and “honor.” The endings in the verbs give and differ, if you change the face and number, but they are not included in the group of controversial words.
Spelling verb conjugations
Present and future tenses of the verb means writing different endings depending on conjugation. To learn how to check the end of the verb -et or -it, you need to study the rules for writing words that are related to I or II conjugation. In the first case, it will be a combination of -et, and in the second it is put -it.
Conjugation is determined after the ratio of a certain form to the infinitive. The word “drive away” is formed from “drive away”, and “drive away” - from “drive away”. The imperative mood is easy to distinguish, since the word has a suffix ––, an ending ––. In the imperative mood, an impulse to action occurs: “Wipe off the dust. Take out the trash". In indicative mood, conjugation is necessary. If this is the second form, the verb will coincide with the imperative mood: "Hold tight and the shelf will not fall."
Exception Verbs: Things to Remember
In Russian, it is not necessary to check personal endings in verbs that are not amenable to general rules. This includes exclusion words and their derivatives, as well as words with a personal ending in II conjugation: drive, hold, breathe and hear. It is important to remember how to check the personal endings of verbs so that they match the nouns and pronouns used. The words are put in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd person: I hear, we hear, you hear, you hear, he hears, they hear.
If the verb has a different ending, it will be I conjugated. For example, the singular verb "want". The second conjugation, if you change it: wants, want, want, want, want. Derived words are written: they drive, hold, breathe, hear, twirl, see, depend, hate, offend, look, endure. The endings of verbs need to be memorized and memorized, since they are not checked by any rule.
Algorithm for choosing the ending when writing verbs
Spelling endings in verbs lends itself to simple rules. The first is to determine the conjugation. The word defines the stress, which may be at the base or at the end. If the prefix you- is present, conjugation can be designated synonymously without the prefix.
When the stress falls on the ending, conjugation is immediately determined. If this is the basis, put the verb in an indefinite form. An important role is played by the last three letters in the word. When writing, remember about exceptions and controversial verbs. This will make it possible not to be mistaken in difficult words, where in the process of pronunciation there may be several options.
The application of rules and a clear algorithm will allow you to correctly identify the conjugation and choose the ending. After that, the letter in the unstressed personal ending will be correctly selected.
A verb is a complex part of speech that does not obey general rules. Applying knowledge will help to avoid mistakes in the future.