The lesson plan involves a certain sequence of actions that allow the teacher to achieve their goals and objectives. Their list, depending on the topic and age of the children, may vary. But the lesson is the main form of organization of educational and educational activities at school.
Lesson forms
The objectives of the lesson may be different. Therefore, in a modern school, teachers conduct various types of lessons :
- Learning new material.
- The assimilation and development of knowledge, skills and abilities (abbreviated ZUN).
- Systematization and generalization of knowledge.
- The practical use of ZUN.
- Control and correction of skills, knowledge, skills.
The lesson plan depends on its form:
Combined Lesson Structure
The lesson plan is fairly straightforward and includes three parts.
First, control of the independent activities of students is carried out. This stage involves checking homework, determining the tasks of the lesson with the children .
The main part of the lesson is the explanation of new material, the consolidation of acquired skills.
The third element of the lesson is a debriefing, analysis of a new homework. Together with students, the teacher conducts reflection, notes the success of students.
The plan of the English lesson involves not only the theoretical part, but also the development of oral speech in the framework of practical work (dialogue).
The specifics of compiling a lesson algorithm
Thinking through the plan for an open lesson, teachers take into account the individual characteristics of each child and the level of knowledge of the classroom as a whole. It must be remembered that the duration of the lesson is limited, so each stage should be as effective and efficient as possible.
Useful Tips
Drawing up a plan for a physical education lesson, the teacher determines his place in the educational activity, evaluates the relationship with other classes. He identifies the purpose and main content of the lesson, selects the forms and methods of its implementation. When planning homework, the teacher also takes into account the physiological characteristics of students.
Of primary importance in planning a training session is a preliminary analysis of the results of previous lessons.
Teaching methods
The teacher includes certain teaching methods in the history lesson plan:
- demonstration;
- verbal explanation;
- design and research work;
- problematic approach;
- ICT (information and communication technologies).
Perhaps the most accessible, effective, widespread learning tool is the word. It activates the feelings and imagination of students, develops their thinking. Speech should be emotional, lively, vibrant, it is possible to use associations, metaphors, comparisons.
The lesson plan also includes visual methods. For example, for chemistry, laboratory equipment acts as a visual aid.
At a music lesson, clarity is manifested in a demonstration of “live sound”. It is effective only when it is not reduced to the usual demonstration of the performing arts of a teacher and is aimed at fulfilling certain goals.
As part of a music lesson, a teacher demonstrates a reference performance to students. As the main method of training in chemistry, biology, physics, practical work is considered.
In the plans for conducting lessons at school, teachers include the main goals and objectives that must be solved.
The purpose of the open lesson
In pedagogical practice, it is used for the following purposes:
- teacher training;
- introduction of innovative technologies, techniques, demonstration to colleagues of their own experience;
- administration control over the growth of teacher pedagogical skills;
- start for creative search, self-improvement of the teacher.
At the very beginning of an open lesson, the teacher, together with the children, formulates the goal and tasks, and at the end sums up the results, conducts reflection.
The outline of the open lesson has the following structure:
- the date of the;
- class
- theme;
- goals and objectives;
- type of lesson;
- the sequence of actions of the teacher and students;
- development of ZUN;
- lesson results, homework.
Fragment of an open lesson
The topic of the lesson is “Environmental problems through the eyes of a professional chemist.”
Objectives of the lesson:
- to reveal the causes and the main mechanism of acid rain formation; show their impact on the components of the biosphere, discuss the main methods of reducing harmful emissions into the atmosphere;
- to develop the logic of students, skills to work with additional sources of information, draw up diagrams, diagrams;
- to contribute to the formation of environmental thinking among students, a responsible attitude to the Earth.
Equipment: computer, media projector, screen, computer presentation, digital information; additional material, cards.
- Introductory speech of the teacher.
Man lives in a world in which there are many chemicals. Harmful and useful compounds, vital and deadly poisonous to humans, surround us. How to deal with them correctly, what are the possible consequences of using innovative technologies, in what environment will new generations of people live? Much depends on us ...
In the age of computer technology, people have come to a serious environmental crisis, so it is so important to take measures to protect wildlife. In the last quarter of the last century, three global environmental problems: the destruction of the ozone layer of the planet, the significant warming of its climate, as well as acid rain - made the threat of self-destruction of humanity quite real.
Let us consider in more detail the problem of acid rain.
The main part of the lesson.
The performance of the student.
The term "acid rain" was first coined by the English chemist R. Smith more than a hundred years ago. Two hundred years ago, snow and rain water was almost neutral. The reason for the occurrence of acid rain was large-scale industrial emissions of sulfur and nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere. When they interact with atmospheric moisture, an acidic environment is created. In those areas characterized by significant industrial production, most of the acidity of rainwater comes from sulfuric acid, slightly less from nitric acid, and to a small extent from carbon dioxide.
The world record for acid rain belongs to the Scottish city of Pitlochry. Here, on April 10, 1974, rain fell with a hydrogen reading of 2.4, which corresponds to table vinegar.
Acid rains contribute to the emergence of allergic diseases in the population, they adversely affect animals, plants, metal structures.
Conclusion
In order to make it easier for the teacher to analyze the lesson, he uses the plan. Its presence significantly facilitates the task of experts who evaluate the quality of the teacher’s work, his professionalism.