Grapes have recently become a culture among Russian summer residents just unusually popular. Breeders have bred many frost-resistant varieties of this plant. And therefore, summer residents of the cold regions of Russia got the opportunity to grow grapes. Home plantations of this culture today can be seen not only in the southern regions of the country or central, but also in the Urals, and even in Siberia.
And of course, among domestic summer residents just very popular grape varieties are very popular. For ripening clusters of such vines do not need a long warm season. And therefore, when planting them, even summer residents from regions with a short summer can harvest a good crop.
Below, the reader will be presented with an overview of early grape varieties suitable for cultivation in Russia. On the territory of our country hybrids of this culture can be cultivated, bred both by domestic breeders, and, for example, Moldavian, Latvian, Ukrainian.
Benefits of Early Grapes
In addition to the ability to harvest in cold regions, the advantages of these hybrids include resistance to mildew. By the time this dangerous and widespread disease begins to march along the plantations, early grape varieties already often manage to bear fruit. And consequently, the gardener does not bear any losses due to the mildew.
Another undoubted advantage of the early grapes is that it is rarely pecked by birds. Since such varieties began to be cultivated relatively recently, many birds simply do not expect that the clusters may already be ripe, and do not arrive on the plantation.
Are there any flaws
There are practically no minuses in the super-early grape varieties. Their only drawback are not too large clusters and berries. Often the brushes on such vines look even somewhat unpresentable. However, the taste of superearly grapes is almost inferior to ordinary grapes.
The best varieties
Varieties of such grapes by breeders actually bred a lot. Just excellent reviews from gardeners deserved, for example, such super-early varieties of this culture, such as:
- "Attica";
- "Zilga";
- Libya K;
- "Codec";
- “Red Muscat is superearly”;
- "White supreme early muscat";
- "Elegant superearly."
Features of the Attica grape
The fruits of this variety ripen in suburban areas usually already on the 110th day from the moment of budding. Attica belongs to the group of table seedless varieties. It is believed that this very early grape variety is suitable for the Moscow Region and other regions of central Russia.
The bushes of this hybrid are strong, and the leaves are pubescent. Experienced gardeners advise cutting this variety in such a way that there are no more than 5 eyes on each shoot. For the first fruiting on the attics of the "attica", gardeners usually leave 8 clusters each. Each of them can subsequently reach a weight of up to 1 kg. The pulp in the berries of this variety is crisp and dense. The taste she has is sweet, harmonious.
Reviews for Attica grapes
Gardeners have a very good opinion about this variety. Summer residents especially praise the palatability of the “Attica” berries. The flesh of this grape, judging by the reviews, tastes like cherry or chokeberry.
When harvesting the Attica, experienced gardeners are advised to try the berries. The fact is that outwardly mature fruits of this variety can have hard and tasteless flesh. After the berries of the "attica" turn purple, many summer residents are advised to wait a little longer and let them ripen and gain juiciness.
Zilga grapes: distinctive features
This frost-resistant hybrid was bred in the middle of the last century by the Latvian breeder Sukatnieks. For the middle strip, the super-early zilga grape variety is very good. This hybrid is often grown in the suburbs and the Leningrad region. Also, this variety in Russia feels great in Siberia and the Urals. Bunches of “zilgi” ripen usually already on the 102-108th day after buds are opened.
The berries in this variety have an oval shape and dense skin. Therefore, clusters of “zilgi” tolerate transportation well and can be stored for quite some time. The weight of the brush of this grade can reach 300-400 grams. At the same time, they have a dense, neat structure.
The flesh of this grape is jelly-like. Her taste is sweet, tart. The berries of “zilga” left on the bushes after harvesting do not usually rot, but are dried and turned into raisins.
Grade Reviews
Summer residents consider, of course, its ability to tolerate winters well as the main advantage of “zilga” grapes. According to breeders, this grape does not freeze at temperatures up to -25 ° C. However, many gardeners note that they tolerate frosts up to -37 ° C in their zilga plots.
The taste of berries of this variety is also considered by many wine growers to be very pleasant. As some gardeners note, in this regard, the zilga grapes are similar to the popular Isabella in Russia.
By mildew, oidium and gray rot, this variety is considered resistant. However, experienced gardeners are nevertheless advised to carry out preventive spraying when growing it in unfavorable years.
Features of Libya K
This newest variety of super-early grapes, registered in Russia in 2014, also belongs to the group of frost-resistant. You can grow Libya K in almost all regions. However, when buying seedlings of this variety, it is important not to be mistaken. The fact is that breeders have developed another variety with a similar name - "Libya". The characteristics of this hybrid are almost the same as those of Libya K. However, it does not differ in frost resistance. It can be grown only in the south of Russia.
The berries of grapes “Libya K” ripen on the 105th day. Its berries have a pleasant pink-yellow color. The clusters of this variety are quite large, dense. In the southern regions, they can reach a length of up to 25 cm. Taste the berries of this hybrid have a pleasant, sweet with a nutmeg shade.
Reviews about "Libya K"
To the advantages of this hybrid, summer residents include primarily the excellent taste qualities of its berries. The pulp in the fruits of this grape, judging by the reviews of gardeners, is very juicy, sweet and fragrant. Her astringent taste is completely absent.
There are practically no negative reviews about the super-early grape variety “Libya K”. Gardeners consider some of the disadvantages of this hybrid to be quite demanding care. All agricultural standards during its cultivation must be observed exactly. Also, this grape is considered not too resistant to mildew. Preventive spraying on its landings must be carried out regularly and annually.
What is grape "Codex"
This variety was bred by Moldovan breeders. Represents grapes "kodryanka" a very complex interspecific super-early hybrid. Its berries ripen on the 110th day after the buds open.
The bushes of this variety are strong, vigorous. Its berries are distinguished by their elongated shape and purple color. The flesh of the “cod liver” is rather dense, juicy. The taste of the berries of this grape is pleasant, with acidity, without frills.
The opinion of summer residents about the "codex"
Excellent grades from gardeners earned grapes of this variety for their high yield and transportability of bunches. Also, summer residents include resistance to various kinds of diseases to the advantages of “cod code”. Gardeners recommend that preventive spraying on the plantings of "codicecs" be done only in adverse years.
This variety belongs to the group of frost-resistant. It is allowed to grow it, including in the Urals, and in Siberia. However, in winter experienced wine growers are advised to harbor “cod-cheese”. Berries of this variety are suitable, according to summer residents, only for fresh consumption. Most gardeners do not recommend making juice or wine out of “kodryanka”.
Variety "superearly red muscat"
This hybrid has also been bred in Moldova. The berries on the bushes of the “Muscat red superearly” grape variety can ripen already on the 95th day after buds are opened. The clusters of this variety are small. They reach weight in 300-400 g. The berries of the "red muscat" outwardly resemble the fruits of the "cardinal" variety. But at the same time they differ in smaller sizes.
Bushes in this variety can be strong or medium-tall. Clusters, when grown on “muscat red”, are distributed by wine-growers in such a way that each bush contains 1-1.3 kg. The shoots of this hybrid have a bright brown color. The leaves of this grape are round small. Pruning "red muscat" gardeners spend 6-8 eyes. At the same time, 40-50 of them are left on the bush.
Muscat Red Reviews
Gardeners also had an excellent opinion about this variety. Summer residents consider the very pleasant taste of pulp to be the main advantage of this grape. It is sweet in the berries of the variety and has a pronounced nutmeg flavor. Summer residents also include the good transportability of clusters to the advantages of this hybrid.
According to gardeners, this variety is superior in frost resistance to many grape varieties known today. At least in the central regions of Russia, he suffers severe winters, judging by the reviews, it is very good. But in the fall, experienced summer residents are advised to shelter it.
Gardeners consider the resistance to mildew to be not too high for some “muscat of red superearly”. Prevention on the plantings of this grape should be carried out annually. Judging by the reviews of gardeners, this variety does not become infected with gray rot almost never.
“White supramarine nutmeg”
This grape belongs to the group of technical varieties. That is, you can use its berries if you wish, including for making wine. Sugar in the fruits of this hybrid can accumulate up to 25%.
The clusters of grapes of the “supreme early white muscat” variety do not grow too large. Their average weight is 350 g. This grape can be grown only in the southern regions of Russia. This variety does not belong to the group of frost-resistant.
White Muscat Reviews
The pluses of this variety are summer residents, first of all, high productivity and excellent taste of fruits. For the preparation of juices and wine, the berries of the “white supreme early muscat”, according to most gardeners, are just perfect.
The disadvantages of this grape gardeners include primarily its whimsicality. Growing "white muscat" is recommended only to fairly experienced gardeners in this matter.
Description of the grape variety “elegant superearly”
This wonderful variety, popular among gardeners, was bred by Russian breeders. Berries on the "superearly elegant" ripen in late July - early August. The clusters of this grape, like most other varieties of the group, grow small. Their weight is 300-400 g.
The berries of the grape variety "elegant superearly" have a yellow-green pleasant color. In this case, they differ in size quite large. Their weight in some cases can reach 7 grams. The taste of the "elegant" berries is pleasant, sweet-sour, nutmeg. The peel of the fruits of the variety is dense, elastic, but not crispy. The brushes of the "supreme early elegant" are loose.
Opinions of summer residents about the hybrid
The pluses of this superearly grape variety are first and foremost good gardening of bunches. There is usually no need to rush to harvest the "elegant". Ripe clusters of this variety may sag on the branches after ripening for more than a month and at the same time fully maintain their presentation. This feature of the hybrid is appreciated, of course, first of all by those summer residents who are not able to come to their sites too often.
There are good reviews about grapes of the “elegant superearly” variety because it is characterized by a high degree of frost resistance. Also, this grape, as many summer residents note, simply tolerates heat and drought.