Short-term projects in the preparatory group involve the use of a variety of teaching methods that allow kids to understand the topic under discussion.
Features of preschool age
This period is the most fertile time for training and education. Preschoolers absorb information about society, the environment, relationships between adults like a sponge. At this age, an active knowledge of the world is developed. Short-term projects in the preparatory group are aimed at enriching the child’s personal experience, the formation of his independence, the ability to work in a team.
The purpose of the projects in the DOE
The main goal of any project is to expand the knowledge of preschool children on a specific topic. Short-term projects in the preparatory group of the kindergarten are aimed at the formation of patriotic qualities among young citizens. From birth, the child becomes an explorer of the world that surrounds him. He sees snow, rain, rainbow for the first time, and is faced with joy and grief. At the age of five, little "how-tos" try to find answers to numerous questions that interest them. Educators and parents should help them in this.
Project Methods in Kindergarten
A short-term project in the GEF preparatory group can have a variety of topics, given the predisposition of children. Educators try to use problem-based learning to develop logical thinking in their pupils. Short-term projects in the preparatory group are aimed at modeling non-standard situations, solving puzzles, conducting experimental research activities.
Project Subject
Integrated learning for preschools is innovative. It is aimed at the development of personal qualities of the child, creative and cognitive abilities. The topics of short-term projects in the preparatory group may be related to pets. For example, the teacher introduces children to the image of the dog in the works of Russian writers and poets, artists and filmmakers. After the theoretical part of the project is presented, preschoolers receive the task in groups. One team is invited to portray a pet, the second - to write a fairy tale, the third - to come up with puzzles related to the dog. At the final stage of the project, each group presents the result of their activities, the final result of the lesson is to create a complete picture of a person’s best friend.
Such short-term projects in the preparatory group are aimed at the artistic and aesthetic development of the younger generation.
Variability in the use of project methods
What are the main advantages of this technique? It is equally good both for physical development and for the formation of intellectual abilities of preschoolers. Among the common types of projects used in preschool educational institutions, group types are leading.
Stages of design activities in the DOE
The transition of kindergarten to design technology is carried out according to a certain algorithm. It involves several stages:
- conducting classes using problem situations, a small experiment;
- conducting complex block-thematic classes;
- integration of theoretical and practical knowledge on a specific topic.
A short-term project in a preparatory group on ecology, for example, involves acquaintance with natural phenomena, their explanation, study.
Children's project algorithm
What are children's short-term projects? The preparatory group in the DOW involves the use of a similar technique. The teacher determines the form of organization of the educational space, selects methods for the development of creative cognitive interest in the problem in the pupils.
The plan of the teacher's activities in preparing a short-term project
In order for such an activity to be effective, the teacher must build a clear sequence of actions.
- 1st stage . The problem is being considered, which will be addressed by young researchers under the guidance of the educator. In order for preschoolers to become interested in the topic of the project, it should be clear to them. You should not come up with complex scientific research for 5-6 year old children.
- 2nd stage . Planning of actions due to which the goal will be achieved. The teacher, together with the children, determines the approximate dates for each stage.
- 3rd stage . Search for information related to the topic of the project. At this stage, together with parents, a teacher, representatives of other organizations, the guys get theoretical knowledge on their project.
- 4th stage . Schematic design of the project, the accumulation of material. The knowledge gained is gradually systematized, and a scheme is drawn up on their basis. It will be she who will become the basis of all subsequent work of small researchers.
- 5th stage . Practical activities. Children are invited to experiment, which they can do in kindergarten and at home.
- 6th stage . The design of the project. At this stage, the main burden falls on the shoulders of the parents and the teacher. Together with children, adults prepare a presentation in the form of a game, creative presentation, computer presentation. All the results that were achieved as the project progressed are presented at an open event.
Classification of projects in DOW
How to divide short-term projects in the DOE? The preparatory group is working on new federal standards. They suggest a classification of projects according to the number of participants, target setting, and duration.
The following options are mainly used in kindergartens:
- Creative and research forms. Children conduct interesting experiments, the results are presented in the form of newspapers, theatrical productions, role-playing games.
- Role and game projects. They contain individual elements of games in which the main roles are played by kids.
- Practice-oriented informational work. Kids collect material, then draw it up.
- Creative projects involve holding children's parties, excursions.
Examples of projects in DOW
We propose to consider the short-term project "Winter" in the preparatory group. The main purpose of its holding is to familiarize the kids with the seasons. First, the teacher tells the children what is typical for a time of year like winter. The teacher pays special attention not to the climatic features of this period, but to the traditions that this period is so rich in. As a homework, the children are invited, together with their parents, to remember the New Year traditions, to come up with puzzles about the New Year. In the second lesson, the guys share the information that they managed to find. The teacher introduces the guys to the "different" Santa Clauses. This can be done using a computer presentation. In addition, preschoolers will learn about those New Year traditions that exist in different countries.
This project is best carried out in November-December. The second homework will be the manufacture of Christmas toys. But first, the teacher introduces the children to the types of Christmas-tree decorations and how to make them.
As a final lesson on the project "Winter" will be the presentation of New Year's decorations, hanging them on the Christmas tree. After the tree is decorated with toys made with their own hands (with the help of parents), the kids will fall into a fairy forest, where they are waiting for treats and fun games.
"World of water"
During the implementation of this short-term project, children not only join the most important substance on Earth, but also learn to respect the water resources.
The educator tells his kids that they are 90 percent water. In order to attract the attention of preschoolers to the topic of the project, he can tell them a fairy tale about a droplet, which during its journey turned into steam, now into ice, then again into a droplet. So the guys will get acquainted with the state of aggregation of water, its cycle in nature. There is a practical part in this project. Kids learn to "turn" water into ice using refrigerators. Aesthetic skills are also assumed in this activity. Armed with ordinary sheets of white paper and scissors, young designers create snowflakes that are unusual in shape and size. Together with the tutor, the guys attach threads to the finished products, and such home-made decorations are used for Christmas trees.
The “World of Water” project involves the involvement of a music worker at a preschool educational institution. He introduces the guys to songs that mention water, snow, ice. The result of such cooperation will be learning a song about water, snow, rain. They choose a song all together: a teacher, a music worker, children.
Conclusion
Project activities in a kindergarten are aimed at creating a creative free personality of the child. This technology provides psychological well-being, physical health of preschoolers. When children are involved in a joint project, the cognitive abilities of each baby develop, creative thinking develops, and communication skills are formed. For younger preschool age, the result can be obtained by involving children in the game process, in which the teacher will play the leading role. In the senior groups of the DOW, the children work on the task in groups, develop independence and curiosity. These qualities will help children easily and quickly adapt in elementary school. Toddlers attending kindergarten, who have gained skills in project activities here, will certainly be successful students in a comprehensive school.