Testicles are often called male testicles - an incredibly important component of the male body and the reproductive system in particular.
In ancient times, when a man swore that he would only speak the truth, he touched his testicles. If a man had both testicles, then this was the main sign of his masculinity. Many are interested in the question: "Testicle - what is it?". We will understand in this article.
The testicles are always isolated from each other and are located in the cavity of the scrotum. Each of them is covered with special shells. They are specific structures having seminal ducts. It is in them that the process of spermatogenesis occurs. Spermatozoa that have matured move to the appendages, and then are thrown out during ejaculation.
Interesting fact
Some asymmetry of the testicles in men is a standard phenomenon. That is, it’s normal, there’s nothing to worry about. It in no way has absolutely no effect on male fertility. Scientists believe that such an asymmetry can be a protective reaction that can reduce the risk of simultaneous injury to both testicles. Although many representatives of the strong half of humanity are worried, whether everything is arranged correctly for them and whether everything is functioning correctly.
Often there are men who worry due to the fact that one testicle may be larger than another. But such experiences are superfluous. Testicles of different sizes are common. Their weight can vary from 25 to 50 grams.
So, testicle - what is it? What effect does it have on spermatogenesis in the male body? About it further.
The testicles are male gonads that produce testosterone and sperm.
The temperature, which is optimal and necessary for the spermatogenesis process, is ensured by the location of testicles in the male scrotum. Wearing very tight and tight underwear, as well as abuse of hiking in baths and saunas, can cause infertility. In addition, modern inventions, such as heated car seats, can affect men's health. It is better not to abuse such comfort.
When conducting research on the most important functions of the male testicles, it is possible to collect very valuable information related to the treatment of infertility. If you analyze the composition of sperm, you can determine the various causes of infertility in men. Timely diagnosis, in turn, allows you to take appropriate measures during treatment.
Structure, Anatomy and Size
Male testicles are quite complicated. This is due to their important purpose. They distinguish the lower, upper, posterior ending and its middle part. Epididymis is adjacent to the back.
The testicles are paired organs, having a slightly flattened oval shape. Before full male maturation occurs, appendages and testicles develop very slowly, but then their development is significantly accelerated.
Covered with a membrane from which the partitions depart. They divide the organ into lobules - each contains 270 pieces.
The structure and function of the testicles
• In each of the 270 lobules, there are from one to three seminal canals of a convoluted shape and a length of up to 75 centimeters (it is in them that the process of spermatogenesis occurs). At the same time, the total length of such tubules is capable of reaching about 500 meters. The shape of the canal is rectified in the mediastinum, and the canals pass into the network of the testis, which is located in the testicular plexus.
• Channels of this plexus have 15 channels of efferent, they enter the epididymis (epididymis), thus forming the head. The ability to fertilize appears in sperm cells only after they pass through the appendage.
• The adnexal ducts flow smoothly into the duct that expels the seed. The vas deferens simultaneously represents a part of the spermatic cord. This duct goes to the bladder through the wide inguinal ducts. It is in the area of the bladder that both vas deferens converge as close as possible.
• The vas deferens (male testis) at the end expands slightly, which forms the vas deferens. Its length is about two centimeters. It crosses the prostate and opens with a narrow hole on the tubercle of the canal, designed to release urine.
Now it’s clear what this testicle is. It has an excellent supply of blood, and therefore an adequate metabolism of hormones is achieved. It also allows you to adjust the temperature. The temperature of the testicles in a man is slightly lower than the normal temperature of the whole body, about one and a half degrees. And the skin temperature on the surface of the scrotum is even lower - three and a half degrees lower.
Thanks to the following two mechanisms, it is possible to maintain a low temperature in the male scrotum and testicles in it:
1. The skin of the scrotum is very thin.
2. A specific vascular plexus in which arteries located between the segments of the testicles are densely braided by veins.
The structure of the male testis at the cellular level
14% of the total volume is occupied by fat interstitial tissue. It, in turn, consists of mast cells, Leydig cells, capillaries, connective tissue, macrophage fragments.
Semen channels, which consist of three types of somatic cells: peritubular, Sertoli cells, spermatogenesis cells, occupy 70% of the total male testicles.
Protein membrane. The testicle is spliced with it. It is located in the visceral and parietal leaflets. Together they form a shell associated with bundles of muscle nature. These bundles quite effectively hold testicles, thereby avoiding concussions.
The protein shell is located near the testicular posterior margin and has a specific thickened structure. From this thickening depart partitions, forming connective tissue. They divide the testicle into a large number of lobules.
Standard Testicle Size
The testicles of the average man should be no less than a plum.
The normal size is four centimeters in length and three centimeters in width.
There are situations that men worry about the size and location of their own testicles. If they differ from each other by no more than one centimeter, and there is no pain, then there is no reason for concern. But if the deviation is more than one centimeter, then it is better to immediately contact a specialist.
What does the size of the paired organ influence?
There is an opinion that the performance of the testicles depends on their size. This is partly true. As an example, consider a chimpanzee. The size of their testicles is larger than that of gorillas, and chimpanzees have much more sexual intercourse than gorillas. However, scientists did not conduct accurate research in this area. It is no secret that black men have testicles that are twice as large as the testicles of Asian men. But if you compare the ability to fertilize Asians and blacks, it becomes clear that fertilization does not depend on the size of the testicles in men.
The main function of the testicles
The main function of the testicles is the production of the main male sex hormones and other active substances, as well as the endocrine and generative functions. The formation of the hormone testosterone is the main point of endocrine function. It enters the bloodstream from the testicles.
They carry out the most important function of the secretory organ - they supply the developed hormones to the blood. In addition, they have the function of internal secretion - they produce and remove germ cells.
What affects the level of testosterone in the body?
• Under the influence of testosterone, the body develops according to the normal male type: a special structure of the larynx, an increase in the thickness of the vocal cords in men, and the hairline.
• Growth and proper development of the appendages and prostate, male seminal vesicles.
• Muscle development of the body.
• Formation of male libido.
• Growth and proper development of the external genitalia.
We examined the testicle in detail. What is it now known.