Artistic or embossed plastic anatomy is a discipline that studies the characteristics of all external forms of the human body, in dynamics and statics, as well as in interaction with the internal and external environment.
Plastic anatomy studies the structure of organs that form the external forms of the body - the skeleton, anatomy of the human muscles, joints, skin, parts of the face. He studies the movement of the body, proportions, the center of gravity and balance, the image of the figure.
The use of anatomical knowledge in creative drawing is possible only when studying knowledge about the structure of the human body. In addition, in plastic anatomy, the relationship of the figure based on the skeleton, the location of body parts, muscle masses are studied. All this makes it possible to correctly depict the figure, whether it is at rest or in motion, regardless of whether it is copied from life or by imagination.
It is quite difficult to depict a person artistically while performing a wide variety of movements, because the form is constantly changing. Therefore, the study is necessary not only visually or externally, but also from the inside. To study the structure, skeleton, muscles, muscle and bone relationship, and this is to know the plastic anatomy and all its main features.
The learned will give knowledge about what and how to portray. And the artist will not automatically copy the picture, but will try to use the model, freely and creatively create the image.
The concept of plastic anatomy is often comparable to the concept of drawing a human figure, and often in art educational institutions anatomical information can be taught in the process of drawing.
The most significant objects of study of this discipline are 3 organ systems - skin, muscles and skeleton.
The skeleton consists of numerous interconnected bones, the muscles form the base, help change the shape of the figure, contracting and relaxing, the skin covers the body. Learning this helps create the perfect look and feel.
Plastic anatomy, studying the anatomy of human muscles, uses the following classification:
- In shape.
- In relation to the joints.
- By the number of heads.
- In the direction of the fibers.
- By location.
- According to the activities performed.
- According to the effects on the joints.
The study of individual muscles is one of the main tasks of plastic anatomy. After all, it is important to understand how the individual muscles that cover the joints and bones, in conjunction with other parts of the body, form single volumes.
It is in the knowledge and linking of all this knowledge among themselves, that is, in the ability to build a figure that is the most important goal of studying this discipline.
The human plastic anatomy reveals all the beauty of the body, in all its complexity, in the modification and movement of forms. She teaches not only to mechanically sketch bulges and knolls, but also to depict the form, unraveling the content.
This science gives an idea of the internal structure of man, while determining his external forms.
During the study of plastic anatomy, attention is focused on the general features of the human structure, without focusing on individual differences. In the study of the human body, emphasis is placed on the internal structure, on movement and balance, the origin of forms. Plastic anatomy makes it possible to develop the ability to make sketches and sketches according to the idea, without drawing from nature.
The importance of plastic anatomy in the desire of contemporary artists to reproduce and display visible forms as accurately as possible, to comply with the dimensions and create a perfect life-like figure. In addition, it fully satisfies the artist’s need for knowledge of the structure of the human body and its internal mechanisms, which is necessary when depicting the appearance of a person.