Philosophy is a concept that many centuries have been trying to comprehend. Translated from Greek, it means love and wisdom. To be more precise, philosophy is characterized as a love of wisdom.
In general, this concept implies a certain system of ideas about the world, which are interconnected and integral.
Philosophy is one of the oldest sciences in the world. Her "age" exceeds three millennia. The first philosophers appeared in such developed countries of their time as Greece, India, China and Rome. It was a distant 7-6 century BC.
Now there is a more general concept of this definition. It states that philosophy is a form of spiritual activity. Its focus is presented by the analysis and synthesis of issues of creating the world, a person’s place in it, its integrity and necessity. In general, we can make a logical conclusion that philosophy is nothing more than a special kind of consciousness or emotional attitude, a kind of system with its own principles and requirements.
Philosophy of medicine
In ancient Greece, a philosophy of nursing was formed. People then believed in different gods, each of whom was responsible for his "category". The goddess of health was Hygiea. She was wisdom, prevented human diseases, harmoniously united soul and feelings, body and mind.
The philosophy of nursing was of interest to many great people. For example, Francis Bacon was convinced that philosophy and medicine are two inextricable concepts. The scientist believed that if one of them does not complement the other, then it makes no sense. The Greek philosopher Epicurus said that the goal of medicine is to heal the body, and philosophy - the soul. Together, they, according to the scientist, should have made man eternal.
The philosophy of nursing is what unites the field of medical problems, a person’s life, his soul and problems.
The subject of reflection in this case is nothing more than a system of values. It is she who draws special attention to biology and medicine, to health care in general. Philosophy of nursing ... What is it? Asking this question, it should be understood that it implies a basis for all the actions of doctors and the human faith in tomorrow. In general, it can be called a psychological tool, the medical effect of which is unusually large.
Philosophy of Nursing in Russia
The philosophy of nursing, however, like any specialty, must be in constant motion. This is explained by the fact that the world changes annually, which means that all sciences must adapt to it.
Since the creation of this direction, people's views have repeatedly changed, just as the attitude towards this profession has changed. In general, we can say that the philosophy of nursing is a concept that in many respects depends on the region, the national mood of people, the presence or absence of medical institutions, and the sectors of their work.
The philosophy of nursing in Russia was adopted relatively recently when compared with other world countries and states. This is due to the peculiarities of views on this profession, because the employee was forced to adapt to new reforms. This has led to significant changes in the socio-economic sphere.
Basic concepts
The philosophy of nursing in Russia is based on such basic aspects as:
- health;
- patient identity;
- specialty as a science;
- profession as an art;
- the world.
Each of the above aspects is extremely important and has certain values under it.
Philosophy as an Art
Nursing as an art implies a special influence on any aspect of human life. It can influence both its general emotional background, and its attitude to life, and its physical condition. All this was noticed by philosophers of ancient states. The legendary F. Nightingale once said that nursing is nothing but the art of antiquity and the science of modernity, the main task of which is to care for the patient, his health and emotional background.
Philosophy as a Science
From a scientific point of view, the philosophy of nursing implies medical knowledge and its aspects. It is divided into such industries as:
- ethics;
- sociology;
- psychology;
- aesthetics;
- culturology;
- history.
The professional activities of nursing workers allow them to develop a special conceptual approach. Its base includes the features of the specialty, its characteristics and methods. In general, this basis allows you to create a solid foundation for professional activities.
Patient personality in philosophy
Philosophy in nursing has always taken a person as a basis. In this case, this applies to patients and patients. The problem of personality implied by itself at all times the place of man in the world in general.
Man, according to scientists, is nothing but a system that is characterized by integrity, self-regulation and dynamism. This is also a specific set of needs: physiological, spiritual, psychosocial. Satisfaction with them is the key to a full life. It determines the development and growth of a person, his harmony or imbalance with the environment.
For each patient, such concepts as the psychological, emotional, biological and spiritual side of life are characteristic. Their unity determines the integrity of man, his soul and the system of views on the world. Each of these aspects is perceived by different people in different ways. These differences make it possible to create individuality and uniqueness.
Nursing suggests that staff will find an approach to any patient, competently respond to his problems, and will not blame them for past or present mistakes. Respect for life values, traditions, and beliefs is a feature of nursing philosophy.
Philosophy and the world
The philosophy of nursing reflects the influence of the world around a person, his life. Hippocrates argued that it is the environment in which a person is located that allows him to form the structure of his body, his soul and temperament. The scientist in his evidence placed particular emphasis on factors such as:
- weather;
- water;
- climate;
- relief;
- wind;
- country laws;
- human habits;
- Lifestyle;
- form of government in the state.
F. Nightingale fully supported the opinion of Hippocrates, believing that only the environment can prevent diseases or create favorable soil for them.
In general, it can be characterized as a combination of certain conditions and factors: social, natural, spiritual, psychological. It is on this basis that the patient's vital activity is based. You can distinguish such components as:
- physical, which includes the concept of climate, water and air quality, geographical location, industrial environment;
- cultural, which is based on a person (his behavior, relationship with others), on language, customs, traditions, etiquette, faith;
- social, which implied a field of human life, for example, school, work, home.
Dates of education
The philosophy of nursing in Russia was adopted in 1993, although the first schools appeared in 1920. Then its component was precisely human health. It was understood that it means the well-being of the patient in psychological, social and physical terms. In other words, diseases of the body and soul should be completely absent.
It must be understood that health is a dynamic process that cannot be limited. It can be objective, that is, the way everyone sees it, or it can be subjective. The latter concept implies the ability to control oneself, one’s own aspirations, the ability to protect oneself.
Subjective health shows whether a person can fight stress, a sense of inferiority, fear, whether he is able to be a full-fledged personality, strive for something and achieve this. Any aspect of human activity should be focused on health.
Bit of history
In 1927, the Russian government approved the rights and obligations of nursing staff, it was assumed that they would help people who have lost faith in themselves and their lives. The main condition was respect for the preferences and interests of the patient.
The year 1993, when medical philosophy was adopted, became decisive. Already in 1994, the Association of Russian Nurses was created. She actively participated in the life of the country and the whole world as a whole. A year later, the first dissertation was written on a given topic. This made it possible to open a faculty of nursing at the Medical Academy of Moscow.
In general, sisters of mercy have always existed and actively helped people. Previously, they showed enviable courage, because their area of activity was military hospitals, the rear of combat events. These courageous women saved the lives of millions of soldiers around the world. Their dedication proved to everyone their need. And now every military man speaks respectfully of this staff.
Principles of Philosophy
The principles of nursing philosophy include the following:
- respect for life;
- respect for human rights;
- respect for the past and present patient;
- respect for human dignity.
Nursing staff believes that life is a sacred gift for every person whom he personally has the right to dispose of. Each person is a single whole with its preferences, rights, choices and needs. It is impossible to isolate these concepts, since they are inextricable.
A sister is a person who gently acts on a person without affecting his personal qualities, without condemning. She respects his choices and preferences, helps him achieve harmony with himself and the world.
conclusions
Thus, the philosophy of nursing is a system of views on the relationship between human health and his soul. It is very important to achieve this unity on your own or with the help of specialists. Now the philosophy of nursing in Russia is considered a popular and sought-after area that is in demand.
Nursing care is a universal field. Man needs him throughout his life. By providing assistance, the sister creates a beneficial atmosphere that positively affects the physical and mental condition of the patient. An important condition is confidentiality. A person understands that everything that he said to his sister will be preserved by her.
The sisters are actively involved in solving environmental problems, fighting for the rights of people, their psychological attitude, and developing philosophy, art and science. Nursing is the future not only of Russia, but of the whole world. Unfortunately, many states began to understand this only now. Correcting the world is the prerogative of the young, and nursing staff is a great opportunity to contribute to this.