Many parents are interested in what sugar in urine means in a child. Regardless of gender, glucose indicators in the body can be very diverse, some factors influence this: diet, age, what kind of lifestyle is conducted and others. If the amount of sugar in the blood increases quite rarely, or even once, then you should not be immediately scared, you just need to seek the advice of a specialist and pass a second test with him.
The increase is physiological and pathological. This suggests that the causes of sugar in the urine of a child can be different.
Physiological Glucosuria
Basically, an increase in sugar often occurs with excessive consumption of carbohydrates, frequent stress, as well as under the influence of certain medications (caffeine, phenamine and corticosteroids). At the age of 1 year, an increased content of sugar in the urine is found in children who were born earlier than expected, this persists for 1-3 months after birth. If the baby is full-term and breastfed, glucose can be detected with a temporary disruption of the digestive system with belching, diarrhea or vomiting. However, this is not a pathological phenomenon.
Pathological glucosuria
Frequent increase in urine glucose in children is acquired and hereditary. The following diseases can contribute to this:
- diabetes mellitus - the amount of sugar increases mainly with "insulin-dependent" diabetes;
- kidney pathology - in a child, the functions of these organs are impaired, a decrease in the renal threshold is noted, as a result, sugar begins to enter the urine. Moreover, in the blood, the indicator does not increase due to neuro-humoral regulation of the body;
- pancreatitis - glucagon is released into the bloodstream, which breaks down glycogen to glucose. If the amount of sugar in the blood increases rapidly, it can also pass through the kidneys;
- hyperthyroidism - the secretion of thyroid hormones increases, which increases the breakdown of glycogen, and also contributes to an increase in blood sugar and, accordingly, urine;
- stress - adrenaline, the hormone ACTH, cortisol and glucagon are released into the blood. These conditions contribute to an increase in the amount of glucose in the blood of children, which is then filtered into the urine;
- excessive consumption of carbohydrates, which leads to the depletion of the pancreas, and reduces the secretion of insulin. Because of this, acquired diabetes can develop.
As you can see, the reasons for the appearance in the child’s urine of an excessive amount of sugar are quite a lot, and they can signal other, no less dangerous diseases. The main thing is to carefully monitor the appearance and well-being of the child, promptly seeking the advice of a doctor!
Symptoms
If you have the following symptoms, you can make a preliminary conclusion about increased sugar in the urine of a child:
- quite often and very thirsty;
- lack of sleep and not passing desire to go to bed;
- body weight begins to drop sharply;
- frequent urination
- severe itching and irritation in the genital area;
- constant feeling of tiredness;
- the skin becomes the driest.
If you have any of the above symptoms, you must make an appointment with a doctor to consult with him, so that he will conduct a thorough medical examination and confirm or deny the presence of the disease in the child's body. In addition, the specialist will tell you exactly how much sugar is contained and what should be in the urine of the child, and if necessary, prescribe a course of treatment.
Determination of sugar in the urine of a child
The presence of pathology should cause serious concern among parents, with the exception of newborn children, in whom this is manifested due to addiction to mother's milk (does not apply to children fed with an artificial mixture).
In order to determine accurately, knowledge of the symptoms will not be enough. It is necessary to consult a doctor and take tests for sugar content. There are several ways to determine glucose in urine:
- using a biochemical analysis of urine for sugar in a child;
- detect glucose in daily urine;
- application of test strips.
How to diagnose?
Diagnosis of urine norm for sugar in a child according to the algorithm is presented below.
When applying the test strip, it is necessary to collect urine in the morning on an empty stomach, lower the strip into it. If sugar is present in the urine, then the test will change its color. Daily urine is collected in the morning, from the second urination, all day in one container. The collected per day is handed over for analysis. This is a more accurate method. In order to rule out diabetes, it is necessary to donate blood for a glucose tolerance test. Blood for the test is collected in the morning, then the child is given a concentrated glucose solution to drink, then blood is collected after half an hour, an hour and two hours. The results show fluctuations in glucose, and you can determine the presence of diabetes. The norm is sugar fluctuations from 0.06 to 0.083 mmol per liter. If the sugar level in the body exceeds the permissible norms, then a series of examinations are prescribed in order to find out the cause, and prescribe treatment.
Treatment
If after examination in a child a large amount of sugar is found in the urine, this undoubtedly worries parents. Usually, urine should not contain glucose, so its appearance is often considered a sign of an incipient pathology. To normalize the level of sugar, first of all, it is necessary to determine the cause that triggered its appearance. Once a hazard is detected, it must be removed as soon as possible. If the child is overweight, you should also take care of reducing it, since obesity can cause some complications.
If the reason for the high level of glucose in the urine is impaired renal function, then this disease is divided into primary (defects in the renal tubular system) and secondary (development provokes kidney dysfunction, chronic glomerulonephritis and renal failure). Undoubtedly, the treatment of these diseases in children requires a special approach.
If the sugar rises in the urine is not constant, you do not need to panic. But you should definitely show the results of the analysis to your doctor, who in most cases asks you to retake the test again. Possibly, urine was contaminated with bacteria accidentally, which is why the analysis turned out to be incorrect.
Or maybe diabetes?
If along with an increased amount of sugar in a child there is a thirst, increased urination, increased pressure, as well as increased appetite, this may be a symptom of diabetes. Of course, in such a situation, any delay in "death is like." It is very difficult to stop diabetic changes, it can be said, almost impossible. It’s better to prevent the baby from developing diabetes than to treat its rather sad consequences later!
Diet
The most effective will be adjusting the diet with the appointment of a child's diet. Food should be 6 meals a day, and portions should be fractional. From the menu, you should exclude all products that contain a large amount of sugar and synthetic additives.
To remove sugar from a small body, it is important to limit carbohydrate and unhealthy foods in the diet. Dishes are preferable to just boil, cook in the oven, grilled or steamed. It is important to limit your child’s intake of large amounts of fat.
All of the above methods will help normalize blood sugar, and then will reduce its presence in the urine. It is important to prevent the development of hypoglycemia in the baby, therefore, a list of approved foods should be agreed with the doctor.
Folk remedies
To bring the level of glucose in the urine to normal will also help some folk remedies. But it is extremely important to consult a doctor before such treatment, since each child tolerates certain medicines and therapeutic decoctions in different ways. Traditional medicine offers very effective recipes that are allowed for use by children. They help normalize the level of glucose in the excreted urine. The maximum effectiveness is possessed by such funds for children:
- Herbal broth: for its preparation, you need to take a dandelion root, blueberry and nettle leaves. 1 tbsp. l the resulting mixture is poured into 300 ml of boiling water, insisted, filtered, cooled and taken 3-4 times a day. It is important to remember that this infusion is allowed to be used only once a week!
- No less useful and very tasty remedy is the use of kefir. This is a very effective hypoglycemic!
- On an empty stomach, a child can eat onions daily, which will be pre-baked in the oven.
- A good helper for therapy in a child with an increased amount of sugar is called oat broth: 1 cup of oats is poured with 1 liter of boiling water, boiled for 5-8 minutes, infused for about an hour, after which the prepared broth is filtered and consumed before eating 0.5 cups.
- 6 beans overnight leave in boiling water. Before eating, the child needs to eat 1 grain, washed down with water.
Drug treatment
To normalize the amount of glucose in the urine, the doctor may also recommend the use of fairly strict drug therapy. But before her appointment, he must accurately diagnose the small patient and only after that write the scheme according to which the drugs will be taken. Usually, a diet is prescribed in conjunction with insulin therapy, which can effectively prevent the development of hyper- and hypoglycemia, as well as monitor the condition of the child.
An increase in the sugar content of a child in urine cannot be called a very dangerous condition for his health, but he definitely should not be left to chance! You should strictly follow the doctor’s instructions, perform complex treatment, and also do not give the child a lot of sweets! The disease is easy to cure nowadays, it is important to do it right and in a timely manner!