Such a fish as bream is always considered an attractive trophy for lovers of “silent hunting”. He is caught at various times of the year. There is no need to talk about the taste qualities of this fish, since it is the bream from the whole family of cyprinids that is the most delicious.
general information
This fish is found everywhere: it inhabits the basins of the Black, Caspian, Baltic and North Seas, is found in the lakes of Karelia, in almost all water bodies in the northwestern and European parts of our country. The bream prefers a low current, likes to stand in deep backwaters and pits, in the washings under steep banks, etc. It is especially well caught above dams and dams. Such places attract bream not only by the lack of a sufficiently strong current, but also by the depth, as well as by the presence of blockages of snags. This representative of cyprinids prefers silt-covered clay bottom. In lakes and ponds, he keeps at a certain distance from the coast.
The vast majority of fish living in fresh water, bream breeds by spawning. It is based on fertilization with milk of caviar. About how spawning takes place, under what conditions breeding of such fish as bream occurs, photos and features of this process will be presented in this article.
Preparation
The puberty of this representative of the carp family occurs only in the fifth or sixth year of life. In normal times, males practically do not differ from females. But a couple of weeks before the start of spawning, modifications begin. At this time, the male bream is surprisingly transformed: the photo of this fish in this period is very interesting. On the male’s head, one can see characteristic growths that disappear literally immediately after spawning. Its color also changes: it darkens noticeably. In addition, the body of the males is covered with a wart rash.
At the end of winter, bream, leaving the wintering places, are sent to search for spawning sites. Specialists call this process the pre-spawning course. It has its own characteristics. Since almost all cyprinids belong to phytophiles, spawning of bream consists in laying eggs on plants. One of the features of this process is that the reproduction of this fish occurs at a close distance from its permanent habitat.
Bream breeding: when does it start and end?
The reproduction of this representative of cyprinids is quite peculiar: it can be conditionally divided into three stages. Bream breeding begins at a time when the temperature of the water in the pond reaches thirteen to fifteen degrees. This season, when the birch is just blossoming, small individuals go on spawning. The next stage - spawning of medium-sized bream - begins with the flowering of bird cherry. Well, large specimens go on throwing eggs with the beginning of cereal heading.
In the south of our country, bream spawning usually begins in mid-April. However, in the lower Volga there are completely different terms. Here spawning bream begins quite early: in the second half of February. The part of the fish that has already overwintered, still under the ice, is going to throw eggs upstream. The bream of spring emergence breeds at the seaside itself, especially in hayfields. In the middle part of Russia and in the northern regions, spawning begins not earlier than the first days of May. As a rule, bream spawning lasts about a month.
Temperature conditions
The main indicator for the start of spawning of bream is, of course, the temperature of the water in a particular reservoir. As soon as she crosses the mark of eleven degrees, this representative of cyprinids begins preparation. And soon, the bream begins to spawn. The time of day is also of considerable importance. Ikrome bream almost always begins in the very early morning. The fact is that in addition to water temperature, there is one more condition necessary for spawning: it is almost complete silence.
Duration and location selection
For breeding, all breams choose mainly those sections of water bodies in which water is present exclusively during the spring flood. As a rule, these are waterlogged meadows. The grass that grows on them usually lays its sticky eggs for bream. In addition, this representative of cyprinids can choose for spawning any other sections of a particular reservoir. But at the same time with one prerequisite: they must have vegetation. It can be both reeds and sedges, and reeds, rdes.
Spawning process
Spawning of this fish is preceded by mating games, when individuals of approximately the same size begin to move in a circle. Larger specimens begin first. The process of spawning usually goes very noisy. The bream forcefully plop on the water and make a noise, very similar to "gossip". Actually, it is thanks to this feature that this fish got its name.
The next step is the laying of eggs by females. The fertility of these individuals, as a rule, is quite high. About one hundred and fifty thousand eggs are produced from one female. They are yellow in color and tightly attached to aquatic vegetation. And after one week, the eggs turn into larvae. Transformation into fry occurs in one month, and after sixty days they already reach almost twelve centimeters in length.
The ripening time of eggs is strongly influenced by the temperature in the pond. The warmer the water, the faster the larvae appear.
Post-spawning period
Sometimes in places of laying eggs you can clearly hear a certain activity of this fish. It is believed that in this way bream protect their future offspring from other underwater inhabitants, in particular, from perch and crucian carp. Only males are involved in the “protection” of eggs, while females leave spawning places almost immediately. After some time, all the fish returns to their previous habitat.
After spawning, the bream, which remains for some time on the site of spawning grounds, leaves the shallow water after three to four days and leaves for a deeper section. Here he takes a break for a while to rest. During this period, the bream practically does not eat. Actually, in such deep sections he remains all summer, only occasionally floating in shallow water in search of food. As a rule, this happens on morning dawns.
After one, a maximum of two weeks after spawning, this representative of cyprinids again begins to eat very actively and look for food.
After spawning, bream fishing is incredibly effective. For example, in the reservoirs of the Moscow region, the zhor of this fish begins in the early summer (early June), while in the more southern regions it is several weeks earlier. Post-spawning bream fishing is incredibly productive for about two months. During this period, until about the end of July, prey pecks on almost any attachment used for its fishing, and of any origin, both animal and vegetable. But already in August, the activity of the bream significantly weakened.