Merging, Left and Right Yans form a small water stream located in one of the regions of Russia. Its mouth is the Sea of Okhotsk, and the Seimkan is an important tributary. The Yana River is located in the Magadan Region, in the north-east of the state. There are suggestions that the name came from the nearby village of Yana.
In the place where the water flow flows into the Sea of Okhotsk, the village of Tauisk is located, founded several centuries ago, in 1652. By right, this settlement is considered one of the oldest in the area. Its border is the Yana River. The Magadan region in which it is located is rich in brown bears. Siberian lumps are also found here. You can often find birds such as snipe and long-toed sandpiper.
Yana, located in the Magadan Region, should not be confused with the Yakut water stream of the same name, which will be discussed later.
Water flow geography
The Yana River in Yakutia is 872 km. The area of its basin is 238 thousand square meters. km Its mouth is the Laptev Sea. Formed at the confluence of rivers that flow from the Verkhoyansk Range, Dulgaly and Sartang. In some areas, the river delta can expand up to 10 km. It has many ducts. The main one is Samandon, which even has its own delta. Flowing through the Yano-Indigirskaya lowland, it is divided into arms. There are more than 30 thousand lakes of various sizes in the river basin.
Hydrology
The food of the Yana River is rainy as well as snow. In the middle course, the water level in the stream is 9 m, while in the lower reaches this figure rises to 12 m. Icing occurs in October, while Yana freezes first in the upper reaches, and then this process reaches the mouth. It opens in May or June. Near a settlement called Verkhnoyansk water freezes for 110 days.
Tributaries
The Yana River has a lot of tributaries, but the most important among all are:
- Tykah. It is formed at an altitude of about 300 m. Length - 241 km, the pool - 5000 square meters. km In this part of the river there are no settlements.
- Bytantay. The source is located near the Verkhoyansk Range. The river is 586 km long, while the basin occupies 40 thousand square meters. km The main food is provided by melt and rainwater.
- Buck. It flows in the Verkhoyansk region. It starts on the Kular Range. The length of Baka reaches 172 km, the pool - 3020 square meters. km
- Adycha. The length exceeds 700 km. The source is located on the slope of the Chersky ridge. It flows in the Vekhoyansky and Tomponsky districts. Food Adychi snow and rain.
Olde (or Oljo). Like other tributaries, it flows in the Verkhnyaya district, and also has snow and rain nutrition. The channel is winding in some areas of the river. The length of the water stream is 330 km. It starts in the ridge of Hadaranya in the lake of the same name.
- Abyrabyt. It is formed due to the merger of Semeyka and Badiai. The river occupies only 120 km. It is covered with ice in mid-autumn, opened in May. Food is dominated by rain and snow.
Relief and soil
The Yana River at the source has a mountain-taiga relief. Nearby, in Ust-Yansk, is the Yano-Indigirskaya Lowland. There are many sleeves here, and the channel is too winding. The valley is quite deep and wide. In the area where its size reaches 10 km, the water flow is divided into channels. Thresholds can only be found in line with.
On the territory of Yana, permafrost alluvial soils are located. In some areas, clay species can be found.
Flora and fauna of the Yana River
In this area, animal species that are characteristic of areas such as forest-tundra and tundra are very common. You can also notice some plants that are listed in the Red Book of Yakutia. Here grow birch, cayander, willow, aspen, elfin, hawthorn, toll, sedge. Also common are raspberries, dogrose, princess, lingonberry, coltsfoot, snowdrop, blueberry. Among fish, the most common species are bream, sterlet, pike, pikeperch, roach, seed, perch and others.
Settlements
On the banks of the Yana River are numerous settlements. This is the port of Nizhneyansk, the cities of Verkhoyansk, Ust-Kuyga, Batagai.
- Verkhoyansk. In Yakutia is the northernmost city. The population for 2015 is 1,150 people. By the number of people living is one of the smallest settlements. It is also considered the coldest city in the world. Interestingly, in 1892 a temperature of 67 degrees below zero was recorded here.
- Ust-Kuyga. PGT Ust-Kuyga is located in Yakutia, in the Ust-Yansky ulus. There is an airport, a transshipment warehouse for some areas.
- Batagay. The Yana River, namely its right bank, departed PGT Batagay. It is the administrative center of its district. It has a continental climate that affects people's living standards.
- Port of Nizhneyansk. It is located at the mouth of the river, in the city of the same name Nizhneyansk, which is the main transport center.
In the Batagai-Verkhoyansk section, the river is considered navigable, but only during floods. From the mouth for 730 km it is quite suitable for barges and ferries. Many crossings were built on Yan, but their work may be suspended due to certain climatic conditions that can completely paralyze the process.