Differentiated education is an approach to education that takes into account the maximum individual abilities of each child or group of students. This is one of the most important principles affecting the effectiveness of the teacher. Such training is carried out by changing the content of educational tasks: it is necessary to correlate the difficulty of the exercise with the abilities of the child, and also take into account the time allotted for completion.
In order to implement a differentiated approach in teaching, the teacher must remember several rules.
Firstly, it is important to know and understand the purpose for which this activity will be used. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the general readiness of children, their level of development. The teacher should anticipate the difficulties that students may have when learning a topic. The lesson system uses both individual and group lessons.
The technology of differentiated learning does not provide for episodic, but systematic work in this direction. For example, the same task is given for the whole class, while strong students are reduced the time to complete it, and weak students are given auxiliary material (algorithm, diagrams, tables, etc.). In this case, an individual approach is used, as well as the teacher's knowledge of the characteristics of the children. Another way of differentiated learning is that students are offered different tasks at different stages of the lesson, and they differ for students with average performance, strong and weak.
Such work with children should be put on a scientific basis, that is, practical recommendations of psychologists on the implementation of this approach should be used. The effectiveness of the activity depends on the professionalism and experience of the teacher, who must be able to study the personality, remembering that each child has its own characteristics that distinguish him from others.
If differentiated training is carried out with one student, it is called individual. Its advantage is that the teacher contacts directly with the student, he can immediately correct his mistakes or praise for success. An individual approach depends on the characteristics of each specific personality: inclinations, abilities, temperament, behavior, attitude to oneself, self-esteem and more.
Differentiated learning involves several steps. At the first of them, the teacher gets acquainted with the group. To do this, you can diagnose, organize joint collective activity, establish friendly contacts with children. Experience shows that at this stage, teachers use a huge number of methods, including questionnaires, interviews, observation, conversations, etc. In their work, the teacher must take into account the types of temperaments. There are children who need an individual approach. Usually these are schoolchildren who have problems in school or behavior, “difficult” teenagers, gifted students, etc.
The second stage is closely related to the process of re-education. It uses such methods as persuasion, self-criticism, personal example, etc. One of the important conditions for effective activity in this case is interaction with the team.
Differentiated learning involves the development of value orientations, properties and qualities of a child’s personality. At the next stage, individual work is carried out aimed at educating and obtaining the student's knowledge in such a way that his capabilities and abilities are taken into account. The most popular methods used by educators are demand, self-esteem, perspective, public opinion, etc.
In conclusion, an adjustment is carried out, which is based on the results of the individualization of the educational process.