The Yu.A. Gagarin Aircraft Plant in Komsomolsk-on-Amur is the leading industrial association of the defense complex. In 1968, the company began production of a small series of the Amur motorboat. The boat, the technical characteristics of which allowed him to be attributed to the premium class of boats, was further produced in several versions. Initially, production was planned as one of the promising areas of the aircraft factory. Since 1999, for ten years, the production of small Amur vessels has been carried out at a subsidiary.
Seaworthiness
Before proceeding to the detailed description, it should be considered for what purpose the Amur boat was designed. The technical characteristics of the vessel suggest its operation in fresh water bodies: rivers and lakes. The use of anticorrosive alloys in some modifications allows use in marine conditions. The ship has a large margin of stability, good driving performance. Depending on the model, use is allowed at a wave height of 75 cm to 1.2 meters. The distance from the coastline can reach 5 km. Design engineers, designing the boat, worked on improving the seaworthiness and comfort of the vessel. A successful transformation was the tilt-and-turn column. Raising the cheekbones and narrowing the bow allowed us to reduce the force of blows from the waves. The change in the plane of the bottom increased the hydrodynamics of the vessel; it was possible to facilitate the launch of the boat on the glider.
Boat description
Amur is a boat, the technical characteristics of which in all subsequent modifications are practically unchanged. The designers set the priority task to improve the vessel, without especially changing it. The hull of the boat is riveted-welded, the material of manufacture is aluminum-magnesium alloy. Deck and bottom stringers are fixed by the method of spot welding. When constructing a deck with a wheelhouse, an aluminum alloy D16AT is used. The pointed shape of the body circumference has a middle plane of the bottom, high-raised cheekbones at the nasal tip. The sides of the deck are 1.5 mm thick, the bottom outer skin is 2.5 mm. Ten frames in the transverse set guarantee the rigidity of the hull. "Amur" - a boat, the weight of which is unladen is 540 kg. Foam blocks fixed in the casing will allow the boat to stay afloat in case of damage.
The hull of the vessel consists of three parts. Forepeak is separated from the cockpit by a partition. The bow compartment can be accessed through a hatch located on the deck. The middle part of the boat, the cockpit, is equipped with folding seats and a sofa. Under the sofa there is a roomy trunk for storing things. The steering wheel with the control panel is on the left. Fuel tanks with a capacity of 100 liters are on the sides.
The compartment following the cockpit is the engine compartment. The first Amur models have oblique deadwood bottoms, with a straight propeller shaft passing through it from the reverse gear. Subsequent modifications were improved, with the help of a tilt-and-turn column, the propeller was moved to the engine compartment. The cockpit area has become larger, and also significantly reduced vibration from the engine. The engine compartment closes with hatches on the rear deck. The boat is equipped with a Moskvich-412 engine.
General technical parameters
In the basic configuration, there are common parameters for all modifications of the Amur vessel. The boat, the technical characteristics of which imply the main purpose of using the ship for tourist trips, has an unchanged length of 5.5 meters, a width of 1.84, a height of 1.3. The motor vessel is equipped with navigation lights, a searchlight, an audible signal. The electric starter that starts the main engine first appeared on this ship. All devices on the control panel are equipped with a backlight. Electricity is supplied from a generator or battery, which is located in the aft compartment. By the number of passengers, the vessel is defined as a five-seater boat Amur. Technical characteristics (vessel capacity) can accommodate at least 500 kg. Converted Moskvich-412 engine - carbureted version, four-stroke, four-cylinder, with a maximum power of 60 liters. with. The boat is quite comfortable, good seaworthiness and safety of use attract the attention of tourism lovers. The cost of the Amur motor ship during the Soviet Union was comparable to a car, therefore, despite good reviews and placement on free sale, it was not accessible to everyone. Currently, the production of boats is stopped. When purchasing a used vessel, it should be borne in mind that its price will depend on operating conditions and technical details.
Awning
The entire model range of the vessel is equipped with a folding awning. Its storage place is between the aft sofa and the partition of the engine compartment. The frame tent is waterproof, ventilated, which allows it to be used for protection from the weather. The manufacturer offered a warranty replacement for the original tent.
The lineup
Amur is a boat, the technical characteristics of which throughout the entire history of production have been constantly improved. The manufacturing material for the case of the first serial production of Amur and Amur-M is duralumin. Basic models with large overall draft could only be operated in freshwater bodies of water. These were motor boats with an inclined propeller shaft and an angular gearbox. Amur-D was modified to use a tilt-and-turn column, which allows to obtain the following advantages: it easily overcomes a floating obstacle without damage at speed, confidently continues to move, and moderate shallow water passes easily. Raising the column, you can easily replace the screw directly on the water. The possibility of operating the vessel in marine conditions became possible after aluminum-magnesium alloy became the material for the manufacture of the hull. Amur-2 was the first in the family equipped with a double cabin. The Vostok boat of the water-jet type was assembled according to the Amurov scheme. The lower part of it was also made of alloy, so that it could be used in sea and fresh water.
Boat Amur-M
The basic model is a tourist boat Amur-M. The technical characteristics of the motor vessel, produced since 1972, after test tests were improved by designers. A system for pumping water from the hold has been introduced. Rubber shock absorbers were installed under the fasteners of the reverse gear , due to which the noise from the engine was reduced. In 1978, the plant began to produce the Amur marine boat, the technical characteristics of which guarantee resistance to the influence of marine climate conditions. When navigating the vessel, care should be taken at low speed, because of deep draft, breakdown of the protruding propellers and propeller shaft is possible.
Boat Amur-D
The successor of the Amur-M model was the Amur-D boat. The technical characteristics of the vessel remained almost unchanged. The main modification was aimed at increasing the maximum deck height, coaming was lengthened by 6 cm, side height on the midship - by 11 cm. Also, the designers changed the tilt of the transom to 10 °. Changes in design allow access to the sea at a wave height of up to 1 meter. Removal from the coastline is possible at 5000 meters. Also, Amur-D is distinguished by a Z-drive of a power-steering unit. The engine compartment is closed by two covers. Special blinds on the sides provide free ventilation of the engine compartment. The quick-release wall of the frame made it possible to make the maintenance process the most convenient. The following improved models were the cabin Amur-2 and the open Amur-3.
Boat Amur-2
The first model with a covered cabin for two places is the Amur-2 boat. Specifications are similar to the previous model, the main changes were in the external design of the vessel. The weight of the boat became 80 kg heavier, but this did not affect the speed. By reducing the area of the engine compartment, it was possible to place two adjustable chairs and a sofa between the wheelhouse and the engine. Access to the trunk located in the forepeak is organized through the hatch in the wheelhouse. The glazing of the cabin is deaf. Sealing profiles provide water resistance. Cabin height 115 centimeters. The roof has a ventilation hatch. The wheelhouse seats are transformed into a berth. On the sides behind the seats and under them organized storage. There is lighting, a folding table, a clothes hanger. The control panel, mounted on the edge of the wheelhouse, is protected from wind and splash glass.
Boat Amur-3
On the basis of Amur-2, the Amur-3 boat was prepared for serial production. Specifications remained the same. The model differs from the previous one only in the absence of a covered cabin. Material properties require operation in marine conditions. Easily removable frame tent, which is included in the basic package, protects from rain.
Boat Amur Vodomet
In 1982, the production of a boat with a Vostok jet engine was launched. The design of the vessel was developed on the basis of the Amur-3 boat. The design of the model differs in the back of the case. The engine compartment is closed by a quick-release hood made of heat and sound insulating material. In the stern are removable seats, separated by a motor; in front - three seats, transforming into sleeping places. There is storage space in the bow. The cockpit is closed by a frame awning, which develops in the region of the last frame. A special rubber hull profile protects the Amur-Vodomet boat during mooring from damage. Technical characteristics when using a water-jet propulsion increase in relation to the speed of the vessel. The water cannon, for the purpose of rational location, has been pronounced for the transom. The control is carried out by changing the direction of the jet ejected from the nozzle. The boat at the same time retains maneuverability.
disadvantages
During the operation of the boat, the main drawback was discovered - strong vibration even on a small wave transmitted to the hull. The main negative quality can cause leaks in riveted joints, and vibration causes considerable inconvenience to passengers.
The motor boat Amur was produced by a defense company for water lovers or fishermen. He was fond of shipowners for his excellent characteristics, reliability, good controllability, safety of use. Currently, the production of boats and accessories for them is closed, the ship is slowly losing its credibility due to difficulties with maintenance. However, those interested can find information on the possibility of replacing spare parts with analogues on numerous forums and thematic sites.