Control over the development of embryos occurs through the transmission of eggs through an ovoscope. This allows you to adjust the subsequent conditions of their incubation.
Ovoscopy of eggs before incubation
Screening of eggs is carried out using an ovoscope, which is installed in a darkened room. The cooked egg is brought to the hole on the device or laid on a wire rack and rotated a little.
Carrying out ovoscopy of chicken eggs, pay attention to the location of the yolk. Its mobility is also determined. It is necessary to select for further incubation only those eggs where the yolk is located in the center of the protein and surrounded by it on all sides. Be sure to pay due attention to this moment.
If we consider the vertical axis, then in the eggs suitable for laying in industrial incubators, the yolk is closer to the blunt end. When turning them in different directions in front of the ovoscope, the yolk will slowly recede to the side and at the same speed return to its original position. The hailstones holding it in limbo should remain intact. If at least one of them breaks, the egg is removed from the applicants for the incubator. The cliff will be obvious in the event that the yolk does not return after turning to its original place. Those eggs where the yolk is too close to the shell are also discarded. In this case, the yolk membrane is torn, and the contents are mixed with protein. Those eggs that have varying degrees of blood inclusion are also excluded.
Normal egg characterization
For laying in industrial incubators are eggs with a uniform shell. The air chamber should be small and located at the blunt end. The yolk should be in the central part or be a little closer to the blunt end, have blurry borders. During rotation, the movement of the yolk must be slowed down. Inside the egg, there should be no foreign matter.
After a thorough inspection, the selected options are placed in an incubator. Ovoscopy of chicken eggs during incubation is carried out at least three times.
Egg defects
Before laying, you can find eggs with various defects. They are seized and thrown away. How to determine them? The following eggs are considered unsuitable:
- Light stripes on the shell. This suggests that damage to the egg occurred in the poultry oviduct. Cracks formed were tightened with the help of additional substances.
- With spotted shells. These eggs have an uneven distribution of calcium.
- With side air chamber. This indicates the stratification of the shell shell.
- With a large air chamber, indicating the age of the egg.
- The shell has an orange-red hue. This suggests that the yolk of such an egg burst and mixed with the protein part.
- With free movement of the yolk across and along the egg, while it does not return to its original place. This suggests that there was a break in the hailstones.
- With motionless yolk. This indicates improper storage of the egg, resulting in premature aging of the egg.
- With two yolks. Here comes the hereditary violation.
- Having blood clots inside. This shows that a bird had a hemorrhage in the oviduct.
- The presence of foreign objects inside: feather, grain of sand, worm.
- With a darkened shell. This indicates the presence of a colony of mold.
Chicken Egg Ovoscopy by Day: First Inspection
The first examination allows you to determine the number of fertilized eggs, how the circulatory system develops , in what position the embryo is inside. At this stage, unsuitable options are removed. The first ovoscopy of chicken eggs is carried out on the 6th day after laying (after 132 hours), meat eggs - after 6.5 days. Inspection of turkey and duck eggs is carried out after 8 days, and goose eggs - 1 day later.
Consider the inspection process in more detail. The egg is taken in the right hand and is brought to the hole of the ovoscope. The rotation is carried out along the longitudinal axis. If the egg has a light and uniform background, the circulatory system is not visible, and the yolk looks like a dark spot in the middle, then it is unfertilized. Therefore, it should be removed from the incubator.
Another option is also possible. When the egg is fertilized, but the fetus died in the first 24 hours. Then it has almost all the symptoms of the unfertilized. A distinctive characteristic is the shape of the embryo - here it is oval. The embryo itself is slightly enlarged and has winding edges. If the death occurred after 3 days, a blood ring or a red zigzag dash located near the air chamber appears around the embryo. If the development of the embryo proceeds normally, then the circulatory system is visible. However, the embryo itself will not be visible yet. Now is the time to establish the degree of development of the circulatory system in the embryo.
Positive development
With excellent development of the embryo in the egg, all the strings of the blood vessels are clearly visible, despite the fact that he himself is not yet visible. When wiggling, you can see only the shadow of the embryo. The area of blood vessels is located near the sharp end, and the color of the shell is diluted with a pink tint.
Satisfactory development
Here, the blood vessels are located only in the central part of the egg, that is, there is a slow development. Sometimes you can see the embryo, but not completely. But such eggs are not excluded from the incubator, as many such embryos catch up with their developmental delays.
Negative development
The embryo has a weak development and is located near the shell itself. Outwardly, it resembles an ordinary commander. Underdeveloped blood vessels are observed only in a small fraction of the protein. The shell becomes pale and transparent.
Second inspection
The second ovoscopy of chicken eggs is aimed at determining the state of allantons. If the development of the embryo goes well, then it embraces all the contents inside and closes in the gabled part.
With poor development, there is no lumen in the pointed part, which indicates that the circulatory system does not develop. These eggs are removed from the incubator.
In case of poor development, the hatchability of young animals is reduced by half. Therefore, eggs are recommended to be removed from the incubator.
Third inspection
The third ovoscopy of chicken eggs is carried out just before the bite. Here the degree of readiness of the embryo exit is determined. The best eggs are those that do not have the slightest clearance in the pointed part. This shows that the embryo has an intensive metabolism and has already reached its hatching condition. He made full use of internal protein. Significant evaporation of water occurred in the egg , due to which an increase in the air chamber was ensured.