Aircraft have long been rooted in the minds of people as a form of transport, and not a beautiful curiosity. Back in 2017, Russian airlines transported more than 100 million passengers per year. This number will only grow with the expansion of the near-aerodrome zones and the emergence of new airports. Does this process affect terrestrial life, the possibility of construction?
Transport Development Plans
Russian Transport Minister Yevgeny Dietrich said that the modernization of regional and local airports is one of the main directions of the main plan for improving the country's infrastructure. The concentration of efforts in this direction was a consequence of the instructions of the president, who expressed confidence that it was necessary to lay direct air routes, without flying into Moscow. By 2024, up to half of the internal routes are planned to be laid in this way. This will provide an opportunity to improve the economic connectivity of the vast territories of the country. According to experts, the number of passengers carried will increase 1.8 times over the next 6 years.
Response in construction
Each aerodrome is assigned an aerodrome territory. It is limited by a circle with a radius of 30 km around the control point of the aerodrome. The territory extends beyond this limit only in places of air approaches of aircraft. Here, its size and configuration depend on the aircraft served by the airport. All the aerodrome areas of the country are included in the territorial planning scheme of the Russian Federation. The regulation of relations with developers planning the construction of facilities in territories not so remote from the epicenters of air transport has existed for a long time and, like everything in the world, is gradually changing. Head of the Main Architecture and Construction of the Moscow Region Vladislav Gordienko said:
Considering that the main airports of the Moscow air hub are located in the central part of the Moscow region, 70% of urban-active territories of the Moscow Region fall within the boundaries of the aerodrome territories.
He noted that in 2018 about 10 thousand people applied for approval of construction with airports.
Who is responsible for what?
Aerodromes are civilian, military and experimental. The first to be in charge of the Federal Air Transport Agency (FAVT); the second - the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation; the third is the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation. On the example of the Moscow region. considered the procedure for coordination with the airport of the construction object.
The Federal Air Transport Agency
Its jurisdiction includes civilian airports, federal airports, Sheremetyevo, Domodedovo, Vnukovo inclusive. So, the developer, who has his eyes on such a near-airfield territory, must inevitably communicate with the nearest authorities of the Federal Air Transport Agency. The organization’s worries include monitoring the safety conditions of aircraft flying and preventing the appearance of objects in the working area that could interrupt navigation or prevent takeoffs and landings. All the adverse effects of the activities of airfields concern developers and state sanitary and epidemiological organizations.
Domodedovo International Airport, the coordination of construction on the aerodrome territory of which takes place through MTU VT CR (Moscow Territorial Administration of Air Transport of the Central Region), as well as the other air hubs listed above, is based 42 km from the center of Moscow, in the Podolsky district. Before appearing in MTU, the developer must study his plot in detail and have all the characteristics of a future building on hand.
Small study
To coordinate the construction with Domodedovo Airport, the following information is reported:
• Purpose of the object (for example: a residential building, a television tower, a thermal power station, power transmission line, landfill, a communication line).
• Storeys.
• Heights from sea and land.
• Construction plan and building materials.
• Image of the object in relation to the control points of the airfield.
• Geodetic coordinates of the object in the coordinate system PZ-90.02.
• Altitude of the construction site.
• Complete information on sources of radio and electromagnetic radiation.
• When carrying out high-voltage lines, wires for electric transport, the laying route, network voltage, number and height of supports are indicated.
• Cartographic image of the site at a scale of 1: 500000.
• Drawings of the object.
It is logical that the geodetic work was performed by experts recommended by the aviators. They can also be found on the Rosreestra portal. These are cadastral engineers who have long drawn up all permits and permits for their activities. Their path to the closed and paramilitary organizations is trodden. Not to mention the fact that they work clearly and quickly, since this is the essence of their activities. Regrettably it sounds, but without their help, the money will fly away just as confidently. This once again confirms the popular wisdom: "Measure seven times, cut once." Before you begin to complete such an expensive package of documents, you need to find out all the requirements, all permits and all types of work that will have to be paid. This will save time, money, nervous and physical resources of the body.
In what form to appear?
The method of interaction with the Federal Air Transport Agency may be:
• full-time (appear in person);
• mailing documentation;
• sending information in electronic form.
Coordination of construction with airports is free of charge for mutual benefit and pleasure. You can find out where the territorial departments of the Federal Air Transport Agency are located at their own or federal portals.
Coordination of construction with the Zhukovsky airport is also carried out by MTU VT TsR. It redirects the question to the owner, JSC Flight Research Institute “LII named after M. M. Gromova. " Zhukovsky Airport is located at the Ramenskoye airfield and is located on the territory of the city of Zhukovsky in the Moscow Region, approximately 25 km southeast of the Moscow Ring Road. Before receiving their official name, the inhabitants of Moscow and the Moscow region knew it as Ramenskoye. Now both names remained in use.
Host Desire - Law
To coordinate the construction with the Ramensky airport, a request is written with the appendix of the documentation specified in the institute's memo. Required:
• Statement.
• Copy of the passport.
• Relative height, construction area.
• Documents confirming the right to use land.
• Urban plan of the site.
• The scheme of the developed plot (as planned), the location on it of capital structures, access roads and entrances, the boundaries of easements.
• Architectural plan of the facility.
• A consolidated plan of engineering networks with an indication of the places to connect the facility to them.
• Description of the engineering structures planned to be installed on the roof (antennas, pipes).
• Project for the organization of planned work.
• Permission to deviate from the permissible norms of the parameters of the structure, if any.
• A document confirming the consent of all owners of the property to its reconstruction.
• Power of attorney from the applicant.
Possible nuances
Coordination of construction with the Ostafyevo airport takes place through the WTC of Rosaviation with the owner of Gazprom Avia LLC. Since this is a joint airfield, approval of military unit No. 78621 will be required. Documents are submitted the same. Additionally may be requested:
• Examination of noise level.
• Assessment of design documentation and the height of tower cranes permissible in the area of construction work.
Things are faster if the airfield belongs to one owner, military unit No. 42829. Therefore, it is easier to coordinate the construction with the Chkalovsky airport. Contacts for clarification of the issues are given in leaflet No. 7 of the RF Ministry of Defense on the procedure for considering applications on this topic. It also lists military documents of interest. And the military unit is located near the Star City, in the city of Schelkovo.
Issues under study
The territorial authority of the Federal Air Transport Agency may need time to obtain an expert assessment not only from the technical services of a particular aerodrome, but also from civil aviation research institutes. They should help clarify the following vital issues:
• the impact of a future facility on radio communications during flights;
• the impact of the facility on navigation devices and control devices;
• the state of visibility during take-off and landing after the construction of the structure;
• whether the new activity or the object itself will be a source of concentration of wild birds.
Using the Internet at this stage in coordinating construction with the airport speeds up the process. Then, the territorial authority of the Federal Air Transport Agency sends the response in the requested form to the developer.
How to please them?
Actually, the conclusion on the coordination of construction with the airport is affected by:
• aerodrome operators;
• organizations accompanying through airborne location and radio navigation systems;
• personnel preparing and monitoring take-off and landing operations;
• Research institutes of the industry.
Therefore, by refusing to agree, in addition to listing the standards, the applicant is provided with the results of calculations with the conclusions of the competent organizations.
Why is this needed?
Coordination with the airport of the construction of a residential building is not always necessary. The Civil Code of the Russian Federation, Article 51 says:
17. Issuance of a building permit is not required in the event of: ... 1.1) construction, reconstruction of individual housing construction objects; (Clause 1.1 was introduced by the Federal Law of 03.08.2018 N 340-).
But the letter of the Federal Air Transport Agency recommends the coordination of the construction object with the airport. Indeed, based on Article 47 of the RF Airborne Control Code, in order to maintain safe flight conditions for aircraft, to have spare areas for the potential development of the airport structure, not to cause special equipment, increased noise levels and the possibility of pollution to human health, the aerodrome territory is divided into restricted use zones:
1. It should not have structures other than those necessary for the implementation of flight work.
2. Everything is located here, including the airport terminal, repair shops, hangars, fuel and lubricant warehouses, which operates solely for the purpose of servicing passenger and cargo flows.
3. It is impossible to build objects over 50 m in it.
4. It is forbidden to locate objects emitting radio and electromagnetic waves or screening them.
5. It is closed to hazardous industries.
6. There should not be enterprises attractive to birds. A vivid example is the landfill. More pleasant is the transshipment point of grain.
7. Here, due to the excessive level of electromagnetic, noise, carcinogens and dust in the air, the construction of residential buildings or facilities requiring the constant presence of personnel is prohibited.
It can be assumed that, having, unknowingly, entered one of these zones, one may run into serious trouble. Theoretically, such a site should not be allocated by the municipality for residential development. Information about restricted areas can now be obtained on the Rosreestr website or by using the Public Plan Card of the Russian Federation, also located on the Internet.
But some lawyers advise talking to the territorial Rosavia. It remains only to make a sound decision. If any of the above zones suit the entrepreneur or the state. organization, on the basis of the urban development plan of the land received a building permit. Coordination with the airport takes place according to the scheme indicated earlier.
The timing
Although it is a painstaking and difficult task to analyze all the factors of a possible impact on the operation of air services, there is still a regulation in which organizations must fit. Federal Law dated 02.05.2006 No. 59- (as amended on 12.27.2018) “On the Procedure for Considering Appeals of Citizens of the Russian Federation” establishes:
Article 12. Terms for consideration of a written appeal.
- A written appeal received by a state body, local government or official in accordance with their competence shall be considered within 30 days from the date of registration of the written appeal, with the exception of the case specified in paragraph 1.1 of this article.
(As amended by the Federal Law of November 24, 2014 No. 357-FZ).
Appeal
The applicant has the right to disagree with the refusal. The reason may be:
- violation of the terms of approval;
- fee requirement;
- actions or omissions of officials;
- lack of explanation of refusal;
- the requirement of documents not specified in any laws and regulations.
Innovation
Since December 2018, Muscovites and residents of the region have no need to upholster the thresholds or seek intermediaries. You can receive a notice of approval of construction with the airport in your personal account on the state website. Moscow region services The service covers all segments of the population. If the computer is not at home - it does not matter. Multifunctional center of state. Services (MFC) provides a computer for free to send applications and related documents.
Total
Life, as always, offers to make a difficult choice: live away from civilization or sleep in earplugs and walk around the yard in a respirator; use atomic energy or read by candlelight. Perhaps future generations will be able to solve environmental problems. Indeed, progress does exist to free up time and increase opportunities.