Often, students receive essay writing as homework. This can be reasoning, description, and sometimes narration. This task is not difficult, but requires compliance with certain rules.
Features of reasoning
Text reasoning is one of the most difficult forms of texts that students have to deal with. After all, work on such an essay is based on an understanding of causal relationships between objects or phenomena. It is distinguished by a special structure, a clear form. The reasoning used is not a plot method of construction, but a logical one (examples of text-narration, reasoning will be discussed below).
The purpose of this work is to disclose causal relationships between objects or phenomena of the world, the transfer of the author’s thoughts on a given topic. In such a text, an assessment, justification or rejection of one or another thesis is given.
Text structure
The reasoning text must necessarily contain the following structural elements:
- Thesis. This is the idea that the student will reveal in his work. For example, on the exam, this is the phrase that is given directly in the task.
- Argumentation. In other words, the evidence that the student cites in support of his point of view. The student can rely both on experience from his life, and on the opinion of famous personalities.
- Output. The result for which the essay was written. The student also needs to indicate that this conclusion is supported by examples.
Spelling rules
What are the rules for writing reasoning text? In the lesson, teachers often draw the attention of students to the following points:
- Definition of the logic of the text. A schoolboy must think logically, designate causal relationships in his work.
- Competent introduction. It should contain several proposals that describe existing opinions on this topic, problems and judgments. You can also quote the statements of famous people, but it is better not to go too far with this. Introduction should be informative and capacious.
- Think over the theses. They should not dwell on the problem in detail, because all arguments and explanations will be given in the text. There can be several abstracts, depending on the problems chosen by the students.
- Pick up the arguments. Since there is always some evidence, you can use the following transfers: "First ...", "Second ...". However, if the student is in doubt, then other introductory words can be used: "On the one hand ...", "On the other ...".
- Write a conclusion. It sums up all that has been said. You can use the design "So ...", or "Thus ...".
Reasoning Text: Example
Consider a small example of a reasoning text on the topic “Harm of smoking”.
“Everyone knows that smoking causes great harm to the body. However, not everyone adheres to this idea in practice, and in our country the number of smokers is still large.
Why do people, knowing how dangerous smoking can be, not abandon this habit? Probably the reason is that their awareness of the danger is not deep enough. If the doctor diagnosed the smoker with a terrible diagnosis right now, it can be assumed that he would have instantly lost his desire to “raise” it. Psychologists recommend that those who quit this addiction often recall what internal organs turn into as a result of smoking. Conversely, understanding how much healthier a person will become if they overpower themselves can help give up cigarettes. ”
Features of the literary text
Sometimes students need to write an artistic text-reasoning. In this case, the work should contain both elements of reasoning and aspects of the literary text. The latter must be remembered that such a text should contain various language means - comparisons, epithets, metonymy, metaphors.
How to write good text: tips
In order to write a good literary text, the author will need a good imagination, literacy. You can not do without personal ideas, baggage of personal experience. If all these points are present, you can proceed to consider the following rules, adhering to which, you can write a beautiful literary text.
- The main thing is feelings. To make the text beautiful, at the time of writing, you can turn off self-control, and write those ideas that come to mind. Editing can be done later.
- Observation. In order to develop this quality, you can carry a notebook and pen. Recorded dialogs, situations, behavior patterns in the future can come in handy for working on an essay-description, or a reasoning text.
- To draw inspiration, it is useful to attend a variety of exhibitions, watch movies, admire the beauty of nature. The more diverse the student’s life, the easier it is for him to write a good essay.
- A huge role for the student can play and reading. Indeed, in order to create good and high-quality essays, including reasoning texts, it is necessary to read a lot, to note the features of the style of different writers. Many famous writers began by imitating or adding to famous works.
The text-narrative is different in that events or phenomena are described in it one after another. The construction scheme of such an essay is as follows:
- Report the scene.
- Tell about the main character.
- Describe the actions, the order of their implementation.
- Indicate completion of events.
- Make a conclusion.
Narrative Writing Example
Consider an example of a narrative text. Reasoning can also be included in this type of text, but they should not occupy a central place in it. The essay will tell about a fragment of the life of a fictional character - pensioner Margarita Nikolaevna.
“On the spring morning of April 25th, the city ... the weather was fine. Margarita Nikolaevna, a lonely pensioner who lived in one of the old houses on the street ..., went for a walk. She walked a couple of stops and turned around the corner. Suddenly Margarita Nikolaevna realized that she had not met a single person on the street. She continued on her way, and suddenly around the corner appeared the figure of a man in a police uniform, scarf and cap. Frightened by the lack of people in the streets, Margarita Nikolaevna began to call a policeman: “Comrade policeman! Please explain what is happening here? ” However, the guardian of the law, without turning around, went forward.
Margarita Nikolaevna, with all her strength, accelerated her pace, and began to catch up with him. The elderly woman was almost exhausted, but still caught up with a strange passerby. But when she turned around, her surprise knew no bounds: in the form of a policeman there was a huge dog looking at the woman with clever eyes. “Ma'am, I have to inform you that the dogs seized power in Kamensk this night. All people are relocated to special enclosures. You have not been subjected to these sanctions for your exceptionally kind attitude to representatives of our family throughout your life. If you want to visit any of the relatives, you need to get a special certificate. ”
It is not difficult to write a school essay. Adhering to simple rules, you can get a good grade at school, as well as gain the necessary experience. Knowing the necessary rules described in this article will help to cope with such a task.