Recently, more and more Ukrainians are sent to work in the Russian Federation. What are the reasons for this? What kind of work exists for citizens of Ukraine and how to correctly execute all the documents for the implementation of labor activities? These and many other questions will be answered further.
Status of a citizen of Ukraine in Russia
As you know, foreign citizens can be in the Russian Federation under different statuses. So, the same Ukrainians are able to stay in Russia as representatives of the following social groups:
- persons temporarily located in the country (the restriction here is three months maximum);
- persons temporarily residing in the country (for this, an appropriate permit must also be issued for a period of up to three years);
- Persons permanently residing in the country (this requires a so-called residence permit - a document that allows you to stay in the country for up to five years or more).
Employment of Ukrainian citizens is possible for each representative of the above groups. Ukrainians, unlike many other foreigners, may not receive a visa to enter Russia (however, the Ukrainian authorities are considering abolishing a visa-free regime).
Required documents
The employment of Ukrainian citizens is regulated by the Russian Labor Code and Federal Law No. 115 of July 25, 2002. According to these, as well as some other regulatory acts, Ukrainian residents staying in Russia are required to submit the following documents to the employer:
- Passport, or any other identification document.
- Migration card with special notes of border guards.
- Excerpt from the notification of registration with the migration register. The sheet should contain notes from the FMS. If the Ukrainian does not have such a sheet at all, then the employer must be engaged in registering the person within three days.
- Employment history.
- An appropriate permit to carry out work activities.
- A document confirming the presence of certain knowledge, qualifications, available education, etc.
- Medical book (sometimes not needed at all enterprises).
Naturally, a work permit for citizens of Ukraine cannot be issued if only the above documents are available. Many employers require some other types of documentation - it all depends on the type of enterprise the citizen is going to work at.
Obtaining a patent
Formalization of citizens of Ukraine to work in the Russian Federation will be impossible without providing the so-called patent to the employer. A patent is a special document that allows foreigners to carry out labor activities in Russia without an entry visa. Moreover, the patent will be valid only in the region where it is directly obtained. So how do you get a patent?
Any Ukrainian who arrives in the country to earn money, when entering Russia, must indicate the word "work" in the migration card. Next, you need to register at the local branch of the migration service. You need to do this as soon as possible (for Ukrainians, a period of 90 days is allotted), otherwise the body may exact a considerable fine. The patent itself will be obtained within a month at the nearest branch of the migration office (former FMS). The validity of a patent is not more than a month.
Thus, work in Russia is granted to citizens of Ukraine only if they have official permission on hand - a patent.
Responsibility for violation of migration laws
The employment of citizens of Ukraine, the preparation of various documents, the appeal to the relevant authorities - all this is the sphere of migration policy. Any violation here will be punished by administrative responsibility. What kind of misconduct and types of violations are worth highlighting here? Here are just a few examples:
- obtaining a patent is not where it is needed (the region where labor is carried out is completely different);
- employment without a patent;
- the citizen did not extend the established period of stay in the country;
- the patent contains false information about the labor activity of a Ukrainian.
What kind of punishment can follow such violations? Russian law provides for a fine of up to 7 thousand rubles, as well as the possibility of expulsion from the state with a ban on further entry. Jobs for Ukrainian citizens who have committed offenses may also be lost.
Features of registration
A citizen of Ukraine can be hired only if the latter is registered. Registration must be made within three days from the moment of crossing the border. A Ukrainian needs to contact the migration office with the following package of documents:
- Ukrainian passport ;
- migration card;
- power of attorney for the implementation of actions for registration of a person with a migration account by the employer;
- Proof of ownership
Next, the citizen should apply for a work permit (for this you will have to pay a state fee) and undergo a medical examination.
Employer action
Any employer can hire a citizen of Ukraine. The admission procedure is standard and practically no different from the employment of Russian citizens. However, if a Ukrainian gets a job for the first time, it will require the transfer of information to the Pension Fund and the design of SNILS.
Many employers completely refuse to hire Ukrainians. They argue this with words like "we do not apply for a job as a citizen of Ukraine, because it is difficult and dreary, it is necessary to transfer a lot of papers to the authorities." This, of course, is the wrong approach. There are very few papers here, but you can send them by registered mail. What kind of documents need to be issued? About it further.
Government Notification
The total number of securities that need to be transferred to government structures varies depending on whether the employer is a legal or natural person. So, if the head of the enterprise is a legal entity, then you will have to transfer to the authorities:
- copy of certificate of making entries in the register;
- a copy of the application for tax registration.
If the employer is an individual, that is, an individual entrepreneur, then you will have to provide all the same documents, as well as:
- documents confirming an agreement with a foreign partner on the employment of a Ukrainian citizen;
- receipt of payment of the state duty of 3 thousand rubles for each employed citizen.
What about refugees? Is there any special procedure for hiring them? About it further.
About refugee employment
Work for Ukrainian citizens with refugee status is regulated by the Federal Law "On Refugees" of 1993. It is immediately worth noting that no special employment rules, according to this bill, are established. Both refugees and ordinary Ukrainian citizens are hired in the same way. In particular, persons with refugee status must register with the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, transfer information about themselves to the tax service and contact the Employment Center.
At the same time, there are still some differences: this is the absence of the need to pay the state fee, as well as the unnecessary transfer of information about the Ukrainian partner company to the migration department (it is unlikely that a Ukrainian refugee can arrive in Russia on behalf of any company to exchange professional experience).
Action algorithm
Migration officials drew up detailed instructions for the Ukrainians to formally find employment in Russia. So, hiring Ukrainian citizens will be possible only after the applicants go through the following stages:
- crossing the Russian border;
- filling out the migration card, indicating the real purpose in it (spelling the word "work");
- registration in the territorial office of the migration affairs department - for a maximum of 3 months;
- obtaining medical certificates and a medical policy confirming the fact of voluntary insurance;
- passing a medical commission - checking for infection;
- preparation of certificates of knowledge of the Russian language and the availability of basic knowledge of Russian history;
- registration of an application to the migration service with a request for a patent;
- receipt and payment of a patent;
- registration of employment, signing of an employment contract;
- provision of a copy of the employment contract to the migration department.
It should be noted that such an instruction can guide citizens of any country with which a visa-free regime is established.