Oxygen therapy: execution algorithm, the significance of the procedure

Oxygen therapy refers to oxygen treatment of people suffering from a lack of oxygen (hypoxia). At the same time, the technique is also popular among healthy citizens - more and more often residents of megalopolises express a desire to take a preventive course in order to improve their health status.

Indications

Oxygen therapy appeared at the end of the 19th century and is still considered the best way to fill the lack of oxygen in the tissues of the human body.

Indications for the procedure are:

• adaptation of healthy people to conditions at an altitude of up to 4000 m above sea level (training);
• hypoxia resulting from the development of diseases of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems;
• rehabilitation after chemotherapy;
• oxygen starvation due to acute carbon monoxide poisoning;
• flatulence that arose after surgical manipulation of the intestine;
• prevention of hypoxia in people living in densely populated regions.

Contraindications

The procedure is prohibited if the patient has hypoventilation and hypercapnia. These conditions develop due to malfunctioning of the lungs, due to which the rate of carbon dioxide in the blood increases rapidly. If oxygen therapy is used in this situation, cerebral edema may develop, which increases the likelihood of a fatal outcome.

Methodologies

To date, there are the following methods of introducing oxygen into the body:

1. Inhalation. This method involves the use of masks, nasal catheters, special tubes. Thus, oxygen enters the patient through the respiratory tract.
2. Non-inhalation. The method combines all other routes of administration: enteral, intravenous, subcutaneous, etc.

During the procedure, as a rule, not pure oxygen is used (it is very toxic), but gas mixtures, in which its content can reach 80%.

Execution process

Depending on the tools and fixtures used, different oxygen therapy techniques are used. The action algorithm in any case includes the following activities:

1. Patient preparation and equipment.
2. Oxygen supply, continuous monitoring of the patient's condition.
3. Patient care after the procedure.

The doctor is responsible for the quality of oxygen therapy. The execution algorithm must be observed, because ignoring the preparatory and / or final stages may adversely affect the patient's health.

The most common inhalation route of administration is the nasal catheter. The next most popular methods are through a mask and using an oxygen pillow.

Algorithm for performing oxygen therapy through a nasal catheter:

1. The patient takes a comfortable pose.
2. The doctor checks the health of the equipment, because oxygen leakage can create a fire hazard.
3. A sterilized and vaseline-lubricated catheter is inserted so that it is visualized in the pharynx. Its outer end is fixed on the cheek and temple of the patient.
4. Palpation of the catheter is carried out in order to verify the correctness of its installation.
5. The oxygen supply starts.
6. As necessary, the catheter is replaced (with alternating nostrils).
7. The doctor monitors the patient after the procedure and assists in the worsening of his condition.

The algorithm for performing oxygen therapy through a mask (hereinafter, the preparatory and final stages are omitted):

1. The mask is connected to the equipment, the tightness is checked. The device turns on.
2. The mask is applied to the patient's face and secured with retainers on the back of the head.
3. The degree of adherence to the skin of the patient is checked.

Algorithm for performing oxygen therapy through an oxygen pillow:

1. It connects to the cylinder.
2. After filling the pillow with oxygen, their message is interrupted, a mouthpiece is put on its tap.
3. After its location 5 cm from the patient’s mouth, the pillow valve opens.
4. When it runs out of oxygen, it is refilled.

Algorithm for performing oxygen therapy in a pressure chamber:

1. The patient is located in it. In the pressure chamber, he can take any convenient position and even sleep during the session.
2. The process of supplying oxygen having an elevated pressure is started.

Algorithm for performing oxygen therapy intravenously (the most popular non-inhalation method):

1. The patient is laid on the couch.
2. With the help of a dropper, a saline solution enriched with a mixture of ozone and hydrogen peroxide enters the body through a vein.

This method is most often used as a treatment and prevention of most existing diseases. It is indicated even for pregnant women in order to prevent the occurrence of hypoxia in the fetus.

Finally

The oxygen therapy procedure is both therapeutic and prophylactic. The main indication for conducting is hypoxia, which appeared due to various reasons. Nevertheless, more and more people undergo a prophylactic course of oxygen treatment, as It has been proven that the procedure helps fight approximately 200 known diseases. Doctors carefully follow the oxygen therapy execution algorithm to avoid the appearance of negative consequences for the patient's health.