The natural landscapes of Brazil are incredibly diverse. The same can be said of her flora and fauna. This is due to the fact that the state has an impressive size compared to other countries in South America. Brazil, whose relief is also diverse, is washed in the west by the oceanic waters of the Atlantic.
Brief Description of Brazil
First of all, it is a country of contrasts. The largest in terms of area and number of local residents among South American states, it is the fifth country in the world in terms of these indicators. In addition to the fact that Brazil has a huge number of attractions of a cultural, historical and architectural nature, it is also called the country of football and soap operas. But, probably, the most important advantage that attracts tourists from other contents here is the nature of Brazil.
The calling card is the world-famous carnival in Rio de Janeiro, and a monument similar to the famous Statue of Christ does not exist anywhere else in the world. This amazing country is bordered by 8 states, the official language is Portuguese. The Federative Republic of Brazil has 26 states, and the capital is the city of Brasilia. This is a brief description of an amazing country.
Brazil landscapes
The nature of Brazil is characterized by a huge variety of not only life forms, but also landscapes. A large area in the north and northwest is occupied by the Amazonian lowland. In the west is the Brazilian, and in the north is the Guiana Highlands. The highest point is Mount Cerro de la Neblin, located on the Guinean Highlands and reaching a height of almost 3 km. The longest river in the world flows through Brazil, the Amazon River, and half of its territory is occupied by forests, the problem of felling of which is an urgent environmental problem for all of South America.
The landscapes of a country such as Brazil, its relief and nature stand out against the background of its neighbors with splendor and diversity. Its features are due to geology and climate. Conventionally, it can be divided into four large zones:
- Deciduous forests.
- Savannahs.
- Wet forests off the coast of the Atlantic.
- Amazonia.
Variety of reliefs: mountains and plains
The Brazilian Highlands are the most fertile lands in which there are deposits of useful and valuable earth resources and minerals. Its eastern part is called the Great ledge, where evergreen trees grow, and landscapes acquire hilly features and end with a chain of mountain ranges, including Serra da Mantiqueira and Serra di Caparao. The east of the highlands is famous for its forests under the name Mata, and its central part is occupied by savannas with rare vegetation.
Brazil's vast plains are located along the shores of the Atlantic. They are sandy beaches, numerous lagoons and marshy swamps. The relief features of Brazil are determined not only by the climate, but also by the geological nature of this area.
Pantanal
There is another landscape variety that Brazil is famous for. The relief of this marshy place called Pantanal is a large hollow formed by the tectonic movement of plates of the earth's crust a long time ago, located between the borders of the Brazilian plateau and bounded by Bolivian hills.
Water supply is provided by the mountain rivers of the Brazilian plateau, which slow down their pace on the plain and flood the tectonic basin, forming swamps and lakes. Pantanal is a small area in the Paraguay River Basin, which is used mainly for livestock and plant crops.
Forests and rivers
Selva - moist forests in the equatorial zone, located on the Amazon lowland plain. This is one of the most interesting natural landscapes through which the longest and deepest large river flows with its tributaries. This zone occupies a decent territory and is famous for its huge natural diversity, which attracts tourists from all over the world.
Amazonia is one of the richest vegetative zones of Brazilian reliefs, a huge house for thousands of species of flora and fauna. This is a unique densely populated nature reserve. Closer to the north, a smooth transition begins to hilly areas, and in the south the upland region begins more clearly.
Parana Plateau and the famous Brazilian coffee
Parana Plateau is a spacious plain that is located to the west of the mountainous areas on the upper side of the Parana River. Nature seemed to have specially created this place for the growth of real Brazilian coffee. The air temperature in the winter season does not fall below + 14 ° C, while the required amount of precipitation falls.
The soil for growing sprouts is fertilized by nature itself, since the soil rich in minerals and trace elements contains natural humus. Coffee beans are dried in the coldest time of the year.
In the lower reaches of Parana, the so-called lava plateaus are located, reminiscent of staircase steps. Not far from the sunken volcanoes, you can watch numerous rapids and waterfalls, including the 17-meter Senti Kedas.
Brazil, the relief and climate of which has largely influenced natural wealth, is a country with a huge variety of flora and fauna.