The third blood group is considered rare - it is identified in only 15% of the inhabitants of the Earth. According to some reports, we owe its appearance to the Mongol nomads. The age of the group is already more than 17 thousand years. The third negative occurs, respectively, even less frequently. It is more common among people living in Asian countries, the Middle East, and Africa. Curiously, some researchers say that it determines the character of a person. So let's get acquainted with the third negative category in detail!
General information
Blood is a biological fluid that circulates in the body of each person in a volume of 5-6 liters (approximately 7% of body weight). Researcher K. Landsteiner discovered four of its categories:
- The first is O.
- The second is A.
- Third - V.
- The fourth is AB.
The most common option is the first, the rarest is the fourth. The third negative will be in the honorable second place in non-proliferation.
Third group - donor compatibility
A person with a 3rd group will not be a universal recipient. In other words, his blood for transfusion is not suitable for everyone. The blood of the first group is universal. But those who have the 4th category are suitable for the blood of all groups - 1, 2, 3 and 4.
Here is the third category of blood in this vein:
- A person with the 3rd group can become a donor for people with the third and fourth categories of blood.
- It is permissible for a person with a third blood group to transfuse blood of the first and third categories.
- 3rd positive and 3rd negative are incompatible! Rejection can even lead to death.
If it is not possible to transfer suitable blood to the needy, then specialists use its serum or blood substitutes ("artificial blood") - special sterile fluids that can replace it itself, as well as plasma. Such formulations are not a full-fledged alternative, but are capable of supporting human life.
Rhesus factor value
So why is the third negative incompatible with the third positive? It's all about the Rh factor (+/-). It was discovered by scientists A. Wiener and K. Landsteiner in the 1940th.
The Rh factor is a special antigen that is located on the surface of red blood cells - red blood cells. Interestingly, it does not change throughout a person’s life, and is also transmitted from parents to a child.
According to statistics, 85% of the population of our planet have a positive Rh factor and only the remaining 15% are negative (therefore there are so few people with a third negative group). The difference value is as follows:
- Blood of one group, but of different rhesus is incompatible! Transfusion can threaten the patient with consequences up to death.
- It is important to note that different rhesuses with the mother threaten the baby with death in the womb. For example, if a woman has a third negative blood, and a baby has a third positive blood, then the embryo is in danger.
Why is that? The body of a woman perceives a child with a different Rh factor as a foreign body, virus or infection. The mother’s immune cells begin to struggle with the fetus, which ends with placental abruption or miscarriage. Most likely, this probability is for women with strong immunity.
Future parents need to remember that the danger is observed only with a problem pregnancy! With normal gestation, the blood of the mother and the child does not mix, so there is no threat.
Father and mother compatibility
We now know that the mismatch between the blood characteristics of a pregnant woman and the embryo has serious consequences. They are especially difficult just for the case when the child has a third negative blood group, and the mother has the first or second. But once again we note that the danger is real only for the problematic course of pregnancy.
But now let's move on to the Rhesus harmony of the father and mother. Let's look at the compatibility of parents who have 3rd blood group:
- The third is negative in women. A suitable father - with the 1st and 3rd blood group.
- The third is negative in men. A suitable mother is with 3rd and 4th blood group.
What threatens the incompatibility of mom and dad by rhesus?
The danger of Rhesus conflict of parents
Everything is simple here - the mismatch in the Rhesus of the parents becomes the reason for the mismatch in the Rhesus of the mother and the embryo. After all, as you remember, it is inherited.
Rhesus conflict is dangerous for mother and baby as follows:
- Stillbirth of a child.
- Miscarriage - spontaneous abortion.
- Fetal pregnancy is a halt to the development of the embryo in the womb.
- The appearance in the fetus of pathologies incompatible with life.
It is important to note that openly Rh conflict will manifest itself only in the last months of bearing a child. Prior to this, it can affect the abnormal formation of the internal organs of the embryo - mutational changes are possible.
Doctors also note the fact that in Rh conflict of parents the first child in most cases is born without problems. And already the second baby will be in danger. Therefore, if the first pregnancy was perfect, the woman should still carefully prepare herself for the second.
However, Rhesus mismatch is not a 100% prediction of dire consequences. Today, future parents can undergo a course of special treatment, which significantly increases the chances of having a healthy and full-fledged baby.
Even if Rh harmony is observed between father and mother, planning a child should still be approached with all responsibility - use tests to determine ovulation, regularly visit a specialist and follow his recommendations, follow a diet, healthy lifestyle, and so on.
The probability of inheritance of the third group
We already know that one of the antigens of the third group is B. In order for the child to inherit the 3rd blood category, one of the parents must necessarily be a carrier of element B.
However, a full copy of the blood characteristics of a son or daughter is real only if both parents have a 3rd, 4th or mixed blood group.
A baby with a third blood category can not be born in any way to a man with the 1st group and a woman with the 2nd.
Physical features of the group
It is noted that people with the third category of blood for the most part have strong immunity. However, for this group there are a number of diseases to which, according to statistics, it is most susceptible:
- Inflammation of the lungs - pneumonia.
- Apathy, depressive states.
- Sclerosis.
- A number of joint diseases.
- Osteochonrosis.
- Autoimmune diseases.
- In women - the development of complications after childbirth.
You should not assume that every person with the 3rd blood group must be ill with this whole list. This is just an excuse to remember about your susceptibility - to lead a healthy lifestyle, monitor your emotional state, eat healthy foods
Psychological features of the group
Surprisingly, the ratio of antigens (A and B) affects not only the physical characteristics of a person, but also his psychological portrait! In this vein, the third negative blood group in women and men is manifested by the following personality characteristics:
- High level of creativity.
- Cunning and wisdom.
- A manifestation of some selfishness in behavior.
- Excellent oratorical qualities - emotional speech, a penchant for diplomacy. In other words, these are people who are able to lead.
- Frequent and quick mood swings, some nervousness.
- Excessive emotionality is sometimes noted.
- Carriers of the 3rd blood group are most often surgeons, lawyers, accountants, representatives of other serious professions.
How to determine the third negative?
The determination method is universal for all groups - this is the delivery of a blood sample for analysis. The fence is carried out from a vein. The study can be carried out by almost any clinic. This procedure is worth going through not only because of curiosity. You will receive vital information for donation, family planning. An event always precedes a blood transfusion, a transplant of tissues and organs.
Preparing for analysis is simple:
- It is better to donate blood in the morning and on an empty stomach (at least 4 hours from the last snack).
- After completing a course of drug treatment, at least 2 weeks should pass.
- If you cannot stop taking the medicine, be sure to tell the specialist what you are taking.
- The day before the procedure, give up alcohol, salty, fatty, spicy foods.
- Before taking blood, protect yourself from physical and emotional stress.
The third negative blood category is one of the rarest. However, for its carriers, the fact will not be a problem. On the contrary, this is a feature of the psychological portrait of a person, which, according to scientists, is also influenced by antigens. It is important to know this blood group and for planning pregnancy, blood donation, tissues, organs.