Each state tries to encourage its outstanding people who have achieved certain successes. Today we will talk about state awards of the Russian Federation.
The concept
The state award is, as a rule, the highest form of recognition of human merits to the state. It is given for military merits, as well as for achievements in scientific activity, state-building, cultural sphere, enlightenment and upbringing, art, health protection and other spheres of life.
State awards of the Russian Federation include the following:
- insignia;
- marks of Excellence;
- orders;
- medals;
- highest and honorary titles.
They are awarded both Russian and foreign citizens, as well as stateless persons.
Presentation of awards is carried out:
- The President of the Russian Federation;
- heads of federal state authorities;
- Head of the Office for Public Service and Human Resources;
- plenipotentiaries of the President;
- Ambassadors of Russia;
- warlords and other persons.
All of them act on behalf of the President.
Below we will give a list of state awards and their brief description.
Insignia
There are two special insignia:
- Medal "Golden Star", awarded to the Heroes of the Russian Federation.
- Gold medal called the "Hero of Labor".
The first was established on March 20, 1992. The "Golden Star" is given to people for committing a heroic deed, as well as for the courage shown while being in the public service.
The second was established on March 29, 2013. The Hero of Labor medal is awarded to Russian citizens for achieving in any particular field of activity that is aimed at the prosperity of the country and ensuring its well-being.
Order of Russia
The list will include sixteen orders of Russia. And the first to be mentioned is the highest state award of the Russian Federation - the Order of St. Andrew the First-Called, received by citizens of Russia for exceptional services that contribute to the prosperity and glory of the Fatherland. The President can also award heads and government leaders of other countries with this order.
This sign is worn on a special chain for orders or shoulder straps passing through the right shoulder. When wearing the highest state award of the Russian Federation, the ribbon with it is placed above the rest.
The Order of St. George is recognized as the highest military award that officers receive for conducting successful military operations that contribute to the defense of the Motherland.
It has four degrees (the first degree is the highest), which are awarded sequentially. This award was established on March 20, 1992.
The Order of Merit to the Fatherland is awarded for outstanding services in any field of human activity. It has four consecutive degrees, which are awarded gradually. Military personnel receive such an order with a sword.
The Order of the Holy Great Martyr Catherine was established in May 2012. It is awarded to people who have contributed to humanitarian, peacekeeping and charitable activities, and also contribute to the preservation of the cultural heritage of the country. The star of the order is worn under the star of the Order of Merit to the Fatherland.
The Order of Alexander Nevsky, established in 2010, is a civilian award given to a person for conscientious service, the results achieved during the performance of official duties, as well as for achievements in the economy and any other activity useful to the state.
The following is a list of purely military awards. These include orders:
- Suvorov (they are awarded chiefs of various types of troops and commanders of associations);
- Ushakova (award of the Russian Navy);
- Zhukov;
- Kutuzov (receive commanders of companies, battalions and military units);
- Nakhimova (awarded to officers of the Russian Navy).
For the study, development and use of the oceans in the interests of the state, citizens are awarded the Order of Maritime Merit. Important are also the Order of Friendship, Honor and Parental Glory.
Marks of Excellence
The St. George Cross, which is issued by servicemen for the feat and distinction in military operations aimed at protecting the Fatherland, as well as for conducting battles on the territory of other states. Has a first to fourth degree.
“For beneficence” - receive persons who are engaged in active charitable and social activities, as well as activities that are aimed at strengthening the family institution.
“For impeccable service” - soldiers who have contributed to the development of defense are awarded. Also, this mark is awarded to civil servants.
Medals
One of the types of state awards are medals. So, the award medal "For Merit to the Fatherland" is awarded for making a significant contribution to the development of a particular activity. It has only the first and second degrees and was established in March 1994.
Military awards include:
- Medal of Honor";
- medal of A.V. Suvorov;
- F. F. Ushakov medal - Navy award;
- Zhukov medal awarded to persons serving in the Red Army, Navy, NKVD, members of the underground and partisans;
- Nesterov’s medal, which is received by representatives of Russian aviation and the Air Force.
Other award medals:
- Pushkin Medal - for his contribution to the development of art, culture, literature and the humanities;
- “Defender of a Free Russia” - for democratic transformations, reforms and the solution of various national problems;
- as well as award medals "For the protection of public order", "For the salvation of the perishing" and others.
Highest and honorary titles
The state awards of the Russian Federation also include the highest and honorary titles. Two top ranks - this is the title of Hero of Russia and Hero of Labor. They are respectively accompanied by special insignia, as mentioned above.
There are much more honorary titles, we list the main ones:
- cosmonaut;
- honored military pilot and military navigator;
- People's Artist and Honored Artist;
- Honored Worker of the School;
- Honored inventor and many other titles in each industry.
Having considered the state awards of the Russian Federation, it should be said that every person who has achieved success receives worthy encouragement from the state.