The philosophical problems of the works of Bunin, the last Russian and classic and, as Maxim Gorky called him, “the first master of modern literature”, covers a wide range of issues that remain relevant even in our difficult disharmonious time.
Decay of the peasant world
Changes in the everyday and moral life of peasants and the sad consequences of such metamorphoses are shown in the novel “The Village”. The heroes of this work are Tikhon's fist and poor self-taught poet Kuzma. The philosophical problems of Bunin's works are expressed by the perception of two opposite images. Actions take place at the beginning of the century, when a hungry and impoverished village life comes to life for a while under the influence of revolutionary ideas, but then again goes into deep hibernation.
The writer was acutely worried about the inability of the peasants to resist the devastation of their native villages, their fragmentation. Their main misfortune, he believed, was their lack of independence, in which the main character of the work is recognized: “I can’t think, I’m not taught.” And this shortcoming, Ivan Bunin believed, was the result of a long serfdom.
The fate of the Russian people
The philosophical problems of Bunin's works resulted in bitter discussions about the fate of the Russian people. As a native of a noble family, he was always attracted to the psychological analysis of the common man. He sought the origins of a national character, its positive and negative traits in the history of the Russian people. For him, there was no significant difference between the peasant and the landowner. And, although the nobles were the true bearers of high culture, the writer always paid tribute to the role of peasants in the formation of the primordially Russian spiritual world.
Love and loneliness
Ivan Bunin is an unsurpassed lyricist. Stories written in exile are almost poetic works. Love for this writer was not something long. She was always interrupted either by the will of one of the heroes, or under the influence of evil rock. But a person experiences separation and loneliness most acutely abroad. The philosophical problems of Bunin's works are also the feelings of a Russian person who is in exile. In the story “In Paris”, the author tells of an accidental meeting of two lonely people in the distance. Both of them are far from Russia. Initially, they are brought together by Russian speech and spiritual kinship. Acquaintance turns into love. And when the main character suddenly dies, the woman, returning to an empty house, experiences a feeling of loss and spiritual emptiness, which she can hardly fill in a foreign country, far from her native land.
The topics that the classic of Russian literature touched on in his works relate to current and current issues. The philosophical problems of Bunin's works are close to the modern reader. An essay on a topic related to the work of this writer helps to develop the student’s inner world, teaches to think independently and forms moral thinking.
Meaning of life
One of the troubles of modern society is its immorality. It appears imperceptibly, grows, and at some point begins to give rise to terrifying consequences. Individuals and society as a whole suffer from them. And therefore, in the lessons of literature, considerable attention is paid to such a topic as the philosophical problems of Bunin's works. The story of The Man from San Francisco teaches children to understand the importance of spiritual values.
So much importance is given to material wealth today that modern children, at times, are not aware of the existence of other values. The philosophy of a faceless man who so long and stubbornly increased his wealth that he forgot how to see the world as it is, and as a result - a tragic and miserable end. This is the main idea of the story of the rich gentleman from San Francisco. An artistic analysis of this work allows adolescents to take a different look at the ideas that prevail today in the minds of many people. People who pathologically strive for success and material prosperity and, unfortunately, often serve as an example for a fragile person.
Reading works of Russian literature contributes to the formation of the correct moral position. An essay on the topic “Philosophical Issues of Bunin's Work“ The Man from San Francisco ”” helps answer the most, perhaps, topical questions.
The past century has given Russian culture a galaxy of brilliant artists. Their work has become the property of world literature. The moral foundations of the works of these authors are never morally obsolete. The philosophical problems of the works of Bunin and Kuprin, Pasternak and Bulgakov, Astafiev and Solzhenitsyn are the property of Russian culture. Their books are intended not so much for entertaining reading as for the formation of a true worldview and the destruction of false stereotypes. After all, no one spoke with such accuracy and truth about such important philosophical categories as love, loyalty and honesty, as classics of the great Russian literature.