Every month, residents receive receipts for utility bills. And in each there is a section "Housing Maintenance and Maintenance". What is included in it? It is necessary to dwell on this topic in more detail in order to understand what money is paid for. This is approved by the Housing Code of the Russian Federation. Legislation determines which utility tariffs will apply. To verify the correctness of the completed receipt, you need to familiarize yourself with each section.
List of Services
If the section “Housing Maintenance and Maintenance” is paid, what is included in the list of services? Management companies are required to perform the following types of work :
- inspection of premises for safety compliance: usually for this work fire brigades, rescuers, lifters are sent;
- cleaning of the territory and premises: a janitor works on the street, and a cleaner at the entrance;
- high-quality lighting of rooms: not every house respects this rule, so residents have to take care of it on their own;
- waste disposal: garbage collection is carried out by employees of the management company;
- repair: can be cosmetic and overhaul;
- earthwork: gardening is needed near the house;
- providing the house with the set temperature and humidity.
This list is the main one, which is included in the section “Housing maintenance and current repair”. What else is included in it is determined by management companies. But even basic services are not always performed properly. Residents have the right to write a complaint in case of any inconsistencies regarding the quality of services. Then the bodies of the Housing Chemical Complex will be forced to report on their work.
Additional services
Often the item “Garbage collection” is included in the receipt. Its price is low, but many do not know what it is paid for. This service provides waste disposal.
In addition to the main services, additional payments are included. The appointment of new types of work is approved at the general meeting of residents of the house. This event allows you to discuss many exciting issues. For example, residents may refuse to clean because they will do it themselves.
How are tariffs created?
What utility tariffs will operate is determined by law. How are they created? It should be borne in mind that residents of apartments belonging to municipal or state ownership pay an additional tax - rental of housing. But they do not need to make money for the current repair of an apartment building, since this work is done by the homeowner.
What do we pay for utilities? They include compensation for:
- rent: only those tenants for whom the apartment is not privatized pay for it;
- current repair of the entrance and other premises;
- major repairs: this line of receipts should only be with residents of apartment buildings;
- cleanliness: the entrance to the apartment building is regularly cleaned.
All items presented must be in a single column, and not separately, otherwise this is considered a violation. If any norms are not respected, then residents have the right to apply to the housing and communal services or the tax service with a claim. When decisions on complaints are not received, you must go to court. Moreover, this can be done collectively.
If you understand everything, then it can take a lot of time, so most residents simply do not want to do this. And they continue to pay for additional services. But where do the funds go? To understand this, you need to consider in more detail the types of services provided.
Intercom payment
Many houses have convenient devices - intercoms. But they require maintenance, repair, for which a fee is also paid from the residents. The intercom can be installed by government agencies, but this is very rare. If the residents at the meeting decided to install this device, and also contacted a housing and communal services representative on this issue, then this will be included in the “Housing Maintenance and Maintenance”. What else is included there depends on the selected services.
Typically, the intercom is installed by residents on their own. For this, a responsible person is determined who collects money, agrees with the company and controls the entire process. After installation, you must pay for the maintenance of the device. In this case, a separate receipt is provided for payment of services.
Garbage removal
In receipts there is another service - garbage collection, the price of which is quite low. This column must be included in the content section, otherwise it is considered a violation. Sometimes residents refuse such a service, but there must be a reason for this.
Residents of the house can independently hire a company that will perform this type of work. Make it easy. For example, the house is located on the outskirts of the city, and garbage collectors may not get here every day. Residents need to collect signatures and refuse the service. Then you have to pay the company, and this column should be removed from the receipt.
And there is another version of the situation. Garbage collection, the price of which is specified in the receipt, is indicated in a separate column. Since the amounts for this are small, many will not even notice this inscription. But this is considered a violation of the law.
Housing and communal services
You need to understand what services include payment for housing. Housing and utilities - this is the fee for the maintenance. But this government agency often violates rights and exceeds authority. If there were such situations, then residents can contact higher authorities to restore justice.
Residents also pay for seasonal work, which is also included in the content. These services include:
- restoration of roofs;
- repair of drains, ventilation, garbage chute;
- installation of railings, steps;
- restoration of doors and windows;
- care of the local area;
- updating fences, gates;
- landscaping;
- control over playgrounds;
- emergency service;
- watering the trees.
The list of services must be contained in the contract drawn up at the general meeting of residents and housing and communal services representatives. Some services may be removed from the list, and additional ones may be added. Residents can control the execution of all work, since this right is in the law.
Checks
Often, apartment owners are not interested in the price of services, but in the regularity of their implementation. After all, many public utilities do not perform the entire list of works. The reasons for such actions they include the lack of funds, workers. The frequency and timing of the work should be indicated in the contract. If there is no corresponding section, then the organization has its own schedules for the implementation of various services.
There are recommendations for cleaning public spaces. They can be used as a basis:
- elimination of dust from ceilings - twice a year;
- washing windows - 2 times a year;
- mopping - every day;
- sweeping - daily;
- wall treatment - 2 times a year;
- window sill wiping - every month;
- processing mailboxes - 1 time per month.
This list of services is necessary to ensure cleanliness in common areas. If these works are not performed, then you must contact the higher authorities. They can be performed by tenants themselves, and then payment should not be charged.
Types of work on time
Works are seasonal, planned and necessary. The first are held annually when the house needs to be prepared for the heating season, as well as after it. To do this, check the readiness of the pipes and other activities. Scheduled repairs can be performed throughout the year. This is necessarily consistent with the tenants so that changes can be made.
Necessary repairs are required to troubleshoot problems that have arisen by accident, and they need to be urgently removed. For example, communications for the supply of water, gas or electricity were broken. Such work is carried out if necessary.
Upon receipt of receipts, it is necessary to pay attention to the content column. You should also consider the condition of your home and determine whether everything is being done properly. Only when the tenants themselves defend their rights can one hope for the decency of the management company.
What to do with an unreasonable price increase?
By law, residents have the right to lodge complaints with higher authorities. If an unreasonable increase in tariffs for any services has been discovered, a collective claim is required. Typically, companies have to pay fines for such actions. Moreover, they are not provided to the state, but to affected citizens.
It is advisable to file a collective complaint, since it will be dealt with much faster. It must state the need for recalculation, as well as the validity of charges. If price illegality is proven, the company pays compensation.
Legislative changes
Since 2016, a new line has appeared in payment documents - TKO. Solid municipal waste is charged on the amount of garbage per person. There will be no section of common house needs, since it was transferred to repair and maintenance.
Now the law is in force, according to which the manager is obliged to pay a fine in case of poor-quality work. The same applies to cases of incorrectly calculated receipts.
Thus, residents are not always able to figure out receipts for utility bills. Not everyone knows what money is specifically charged for. But apart from the tenants, no one will deal with this.
Each resident needs to familiarize themselves with the contract drawn up with the housing and communal services. You also need to regularly review the information on receipts. If any violations were found, this should be addressed immediately. Meetings of residents also help to learn a lot. If everyone is interested in paying for services, it is unlikely that residents will be deceived. It is important for residents to act decisively, and then their rights will not be violated.