Currently, environmental issues are receiving more attention. Deterioration in the quality of water, soil, atmospheric air - all this negatively affects the health status of the population. In such a situation, an important aspect is the formation of environmental culture in the younger generation. That is why it is necessary to use environmental problems with a solution not only in biology, chemistry, but also as part of the school course in mathematics.
Relevance
A man who comprehends the laws of nature becomes even more powerful. Currently, environmental knowledge is necessary for the rational use of natural resources, as well as for the accelerated development of scientific and technological progress.
In turn, it, in addition to its positive influence, also has negative features. The damage that man does to nature is increasing. From the activities of industrial enterprises, harmful substances of organic and inorganic origin come into the atmosphere. The surface of the oceans and seas is covered with an oil film that destroys the marine flora and fauna. Humanity is able to completely destroy all living things on our planet, therefore it is so important to cultivate a tolerant attitude towards living nature in the younger generation.
Environmental challenges in elementary school
It is at the first stage of education that the foundation of the child’s personality, its relationship with society and nature is formed. Environmental tasks with a solution for elementary school contribute to the synthesis of emotional and rational perception of the living world. Children not only believe, but also deeply feel the beautiful.
Mathematics creates favorable conditions for the quantitative assessment of various natural phenomena and objects, the evaluation of the positive and negative effects of man on the natural community.
Content Features
Environmental tasks with the solution contribute to the disclosure of questions about the environment, the rational use of natural resources. With their help, children learn about the need to increase and restore natural wealth.
Ecological problems with a solution are selected by the teacher so that the children acquire new mathematical knowledge that would allow them to solve not only algebraic actions, but also other applied problems.
Examples that the teacher takes from the surrounding reality, contribute to the disclosure to students of the practical significance of mathematical skills, the global application. GEF of the new generation involves the use of research and design technologies within the framework of the school curriculum, which allow the self-development and self-improvement skills to be formed in the younger generation.
Environmental tasks with a solution are suitable for both individual and collective work, as well as for project activities.
Task classification
There is a subdivision of mathematical problems of environmental content into several groups:
information type (they carry specific information that gives an idea of objects and phenomena in ecology);
practical (describe the option of assessing the state of the environment);
applied type (there is an environmental problem in their content, for the solution of which mathematical calculations are needed);
demonstration (contain a description of natural sites, cultural monuments);
problematic type.
Tasks on environmental law with a solution can be applied for the following purposes:
to motivate the introduced concept;
to study a specific term at a substantive level;
to consolidate the theoretical material.
What to consider
When thinking over the text of tasks, it is important to rely on the concept of educational and developing training. Among the issues that can become the basis for a mathematical task with environmental content, the following aspects can be considered:
the impact of external environmental factors on human life;
human interaction with objects of animate and inanimate nature;
human position in the ecosystem;
aesthetic impact on the formation of the personality of the child;
the importance of the laws of nature for the life of human society.
An example of environmental problems of a mathematical form
How to combine ecology and mathematics? We offer specific texts of tasks. Solving environmental problems with answers of this kind contributes to the formation of creative and logical thinking of students.
1 task. Trucks and buses emit 23 grams of nitrogen per kilometer. How much gas will the bus of route No. 13 give out if it makes one trip? The distance from the station to the village center is 10 km. (Answer: 230 g. We determine the total number of grams of nitrogen, multiplying 23 grams by 10 kilometers).
2 task. In the Smolensk region there are 1150 rivers. What happens if 150 rivers dry up due to deforestation? How many rivers will remain in the region? (Answer: many plants, animals, insects will die, 1000 rivers will remain. To find the number of rivers, you need to subtract 150 from 1150).
Solving environmental problems on the sustainability and development of the ecosystem is an excellent way to form a tolerant attitude towards wildlife in the younger generation.
3 task. Hundreds of thousands of birds fly into our area. You know very well that it is birds that destroy harmful insects, protecting forest lands from them. One pair of nuthatch per day brings its chicks 300 caterpillars, woodpeckers - 3 times more than the nuthatch. Starlings - 5 times more nuthatch. How many more caterpillars do starlings bring to chicks than woodpeckers? What will happen to the forest if some of the birds die? (Answer: the forest will die due to pests, 600 caterpillars more. First, determine the number of caterpillars that bring woodpeckers to chicks, multiply 300 by 3, we get 900. Then we count the number of caterpillars that bring chicks starlings, multiplying 300 by 5, we get 1500. Subtract from the obtained 900, the answer comes out - 600 tracks).
Solving environmental problems on the sustainability of the relationship between human functioning and the natural ecosystem contributes to the formation of environmental culture in the young generation of Russians.
School Tasks for the Conservation of Natural Resources
What are the best environmental choices for primary schoolchildren with a solution: on human ecology or on augmenting natural resources? This question is of interest to primary school teachers.
For example, one can choose such tasks, the solution of which contributes to the formation of an ecological culture among younger students, will become an incentive for a careful and responsible attitude to a fragile living world. Here are some specific examples of such answers problems.
Task 1. Rhinos are threatened with extinction. The horn of this mammal weighs 2, 8 kg. Poachers killed 500 rhinos. The police managed to catch them, seize 1000 kg of horns. How many (in kg) horns did the poachers sell? (Answer: 400 kg. To solve the problem, the total mass of rhinoceros horns is first determined by multiplying, then 1000 kg, which the police officers discovered, is subtracted.)
Task 2. Misha fed the birds in winter. Every day, he and his mother poured 250 grams of millet into the trough. How many kilograms of poultry ate grains per week? (Answer: 1, 75 kg. To cope with this issue, you need to multiply.)
Attention
If you choose the right tasks of the ecological content, you can contribute to the formation of skills of self-development and self-improvement.
With the systematic application of tasks with environmental content, the horizons of schoolchildren expand, they form a careful attitude to wildlife.
Questions for High School Students
Solving environmental problems in biology is an excellent example of the relationship between ecology and biology. We offer several examples of such tasks for high school students.
Problem 1. Biologists have established a paradoxical dependence: during the extermination of otters in the reservoir, the number of fish increases sharply in them. Then the number of fish decreases. If you again put the otter in it, the fish again becomes much larger. Why? Answer: The otter destroys weakened and sick fish.
Solving environmental problems with answers (grade 11) is an excellent option for preparing for final exams in several academic disciplines at once: mathematics, biology, chemistry. In addition to certain algebraic actions, high school students use logical thinking, creative imagination to find the right answer.
Task 2. Not all swamps are the same. There are upper ones that are located on the watersheds. They feed only on precipitation. Peat bogs with peat about 5 m thick per 100 ha of area account for about 5.5 m 3 of pure water. Lowland swamps, which are located in floodplains of rivers, feed on groundwater. What are the consequences of draining swamps? Answer: before making a decision on draining the swamp, it is necessary to analyze its features. The drainage of the bogs will have negative consequences for the ecosystem, as they are a source of fresh water. A positive effect will be provided by the drainage of lowland marshes, this will provide fertile soils for agricultural planting.
The collection “Environmental Tasks: Grade 11 with Solutions” can be used to prepare children for different rounds of the Olympiad.
Task 3. In winter, fishermen make ice holes on lakes and rivers. Sometimes they insert a reed into it. For what purpose are they doing this? Answer: In a similar way, they enrich the lake with oxygen, preventing the death of fish.
Task 4. Proper forest management involves the complete cleansing of the plot from the remnants of wood and brushwood. Those trunks that are left on the clearing in the summertime must be cleaned of bark. What is the meaning of such rules for the forest? Answer: this allows you to prevent the appearance of foci of insect pests that can move to healthy trees in the future and destroy them.
Variants of tasks with answers for the development of logic
Tasks on environmental law with a solution can have different directions. For example, Russian proverbs and sayings can be embedded in them.
Task 1. Explain the meaning of the saying: "One person leaves a trail in the forest, a hundred - a path, and a thousand - a desert." Answer: soil structure deteriorates, the conductivity of moisture and air decreases, which negatively affects young seedlings of trees.
Task 2. Some forestry enterprises carry out logging as follows: they cut down about 8-10% of the total mass of trunks within 10-12 years. Similar actions are carried out in the winter. Why is this method of logging considered the most painless for the forest? Answer: the snow cover does not allow damage to seedlings, as well as various undergrowth plants.
Environmental challenges
They can be offered not only to schoolchildren, but also to adults. We offer to consider a good example.
An approximate task. Accumulation of dust in the atmosphere is considered to be pollution of the atmosphere. It is formed as a result of burning solid fuel, as well as in other situations. Above land, the atmosphere is 15–20 times higher than pollution indicators than over the ocean, and over the megalopolis such indicators are 60–70 times higher. Why? How dangerous is air pollution to human health? Answer: with air pollution by dust, about 10-50% of the sun's rays are absorbed. Water vapor settles on dust particles, which leads to disruption of the water cycle in nature. Nitrogen and sulfur oxides accumulate in the air, which negatively affect human health.
To summarize
The tasks of environmental content allow educators to form the foundations of environmental culture in the younger generation. Solving such tasks, children not only train their arithmetic skills, but also gain certain knowledge about wildlife objects, the need for their timely protection and protection.