For social protection of those people who have persistent health problems, injuries, cannot work, have limited opportunities for socialization, the state has created a whole assistance system. Its goal is to reduce the distance between a sick person and society. It consists of several components:
- establishing the fact of disability;
- determining the level of disability;
- solutions to the ways of socialization of a disabled person;
- determination of possible social state support;
- comprehensive social support.
ITU - what is it
To solve some of these issues in relation to each specific person requiring state support, they created a medical and social examination (ITU). Strictly speaking, ITU is a state examination designed to solve the issue of establishing disability for a particular person.
Among the main tasks of the ITU is to determine the degree of damage to the basic functions of the body of a particular person, identify possible ways of rehabilitation, legal recognition of him as a disabled person.
ITU structure
For each individual in need of disability, the examination is carried out at the ITU Bureau at the place of residence. They are branches of the Head Offices located in the regions.
There are city and district branches of the Main Bureau, where you should come with a direction and documents. A disabled person may apply to ITU for his place of residence (this may be his place of residence) or at his location (if he has left the Russian Federation). For example, to conduct ITU, Moscow should contact one of the 95 branches of the “ITU GB in Moscow” (their addresses are available on the official website of the Head Office).
In case of disagreement with the decision of the local branch, the person (or his guardian) can appeal it to the Head Office, as a rule, these are regional structures. Then the examination will be carried out here (in our example, it will already be the ITU GB in Moscow).
The main structure is the ITU Federal Bureau. In difficult situations, in case of disagreement with the decision of the Head Body, the examination is carried out here, its decision can be appealed in court.
The Federal Bureau of Medical and Social Expertise is subordinate to the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation.
Tasks and Powers
One of the main functions of ITU is to establish a disability group. This procedure is an actual general assessment of the health status of the person who applied to the bureau.
For the examination of persons with various diseases, special expert groups have been created:
- mixed-profile groups examine patients with common diseases;
- special groups are created to consider issues for persons aged 18–1 years.
And also specialized groups were created for the survey:
- tuberculosis patients;
- persons with mental disorders;
- suffering from a violation of the organ of vision.
The examination will be carried out by an expert group, depending on the disease that is present in the patient.
When passing the ITU, the issue of rehabilitation is also solved and an individual rehabilitation program (IPR) is issued (or adjusted).
Place of Examination
Moreover, in accordance with the Rules for recognizing a person as disabled (Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 20, 2006 No. 95), an examination is possible:
- at the bureau, at the place of residence;
- at home, if the state of health does not allow delivery to the bureau;
- in a medical institution where the person is being treated;
- in absentia.
About disability groups and criteria for their establishment
An ITU survey involves identifying a disability group (extending it) or refusing to identify it. All disability groups 3, and there is also a category of “disabled child”. ITU Bureau disability can be established for 1 or 2 years, for 5 years and for life (this is determined by the relevant criteria of the Rules).
The group specification has a detailed list of the health problems of the subject. These criteria are the basis for the examination of a disability group.
For example, when persistent moderate violations lead to a decrease in the ability to perform previously professional duties, or to a decrease in the volume or tension of work, and also cause an inability to continue activities in the main profession, but at the same time the person remains able to fulfill lower qualifications in standard conditions. This indicates the presence of 1 degree of restriction of the main categories of life, there are reasons for the appointment of the III group of disability.
If persistent disorders of body functions occur that require special devices or specific working conditions to perform the labor activity, any special ones. funds or assistance of unauthorized persons, they qualify as the second degree of restriction. In this case, II disability group is assigned.
With the fixation of persistently expressed health disorders, leading to the impossibility (even contraindication) of labor activity or unconditional inability to it, a 3rd degree arises. These are signs of group I disability.
A separate category of “disabled children” is established if a person aged 1 to 18 years has signs of any degree of restriction of the main life categories of life.
The purpose of the group depends on the general state of health of the person undergoing the examination. It takes into account many factors that limit the main categories of life. Among them will be his ability to self-service, orientation, communication, movement, the ability to control himself and learning (which is very important for children and young people).
With all these factors taken into account, a group will be established. The criteria themselves are approved specifically for each group and have uniform, very clear recommendations for all branches of ITU Russia.
About possible examination objectives
In addition to the main goal - the maximum adaptation of the disabled person to society - the ITU pursues more specific goals. These include:
- identification of a person with a disability group (category “disabled child”);
- establishing the degree of loss of professional skills and ability to work;
- development (or correction) of an individual rehabilitation program ;
- development (or correction) of a victim rehabilitation program.
And also a commission may be conducted with the aim of establishing
- the level of loss of professional skills from an occupational disease or industrial accident;
- the need for outside care of a close relative, a citizen doing military service;
- signs of persistent health problems for police officers and other structures.
How to get directions
To pass the examination, you need to get a referral (to the patient himself or his guardian). This can be done in the following ways:
- Contact a health care institution in the Russian Federation where the person requiring the examination is being monitored or undergoing treatment.
- Apply to the department of the Pension Fund. Here you will need to submit the necessary medical documents proving illness, injury or injury.
- Come with an appeal to the social protection authorities, while there should be signs of a person’s disability and his need for social protection.
A medical institution issues a referral in the form of No. 088 / y-06. In which there will be information about the state of health of the person being sent and the recovery opportunities of his health, about the rehabilitation measures taken, their results and the purpose for which the person is sent to ITU (disability and group are not indicated in it).
Social protection authorities and the PF of the Russian Federation issue a referral in the form approved by order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated 25. 12. 2006 No. 874 which contains information on signs of limited life (usually based on the fact that they have established) and the need for social protection, the purpose of the referral.
If a person has been refused a referral by all of the listed institutions, he has the right to appeal directly to ITU branches .
What other documents are needed for examination
Documents are attached to the received direction. Their list will depend on the purpose for which the direction is issued. And it can be obtained along with the direction.
Common to all types of expertise will be:
- a written application for the examination from the person who needs it;
- identity document of the disabled person and his guardian (if any). For children under 14 years old, documents of one of the parents are required;
- medical report confirming health problems.
Most likely, the following documents will still be needed:
- Outpatient medical records, examination protocols (ultrasound, MRI, CT) and x-ray images, extracts from the hospital (any medical documentation of healthcare institutions of the Russian Federation, confirming a violation of health).
- A copy of the work book (certified in the personnel department) or the original (for the unemployed).
- Documents on education (if any).
- Production characteristics for ITU (it has an approved sample), it indicates the working conditions, the length of the working day and the nature of the work performed, how a person copes with his duties.
- For children and students pedkharakteristika (compiled in the usual form).
- For persons re-passing ITU, this is a disability certificate (original).
- YPRES.
Who are the legal representatives
In some cases, a person who requires disability is due to his illness and cannot be fully responsible for his actions or is physically unable to collect certificates and go to authorities. This will be the basis for their interests to be represented by legal representatives. They can be parents, children, other relatives, spouses or strangers who care for the disabled person (in this case, a custody decision will be required).
When examining children under 14 years old and adolescents under 18, their legal representatives will be parents. Legislatively provided for their mandatory participation in the process (without them, the examination is not carried out). If the child has no parents, then their guardians will replace them.
In all of these cases, legal representatives for ITU are an important part of the process. They must submit documents that certify kinship or marriage, and can carry out a series of actions for the patient. So, they collect the necessary certificates, bring the patient for examination, organize the departure of the commission home, if it is impossible to deliver it. In fact, they represent the interests of their ward at ITU.
About the results
During the examination, a protocol is kept. Then an inspection certificate is drawn up, which consists of 2 parts. It has been kept for 10 years. In the hands of the person in respect of whom the examination was conducted, issue:
- Help. It indicates the disability group, the reason and period for which the disability is established, there is always a link to the certificate of examination and its details.
- Individual rehabilitation program.
An extract from the act, which must be compiled, is sent to the regional branch of the Pension Fund no later than within 3 days.
If the person disagrees with the results of the survey, you must write a statement at the same regional or head office no later than 1 month from the date of receipt of the certificate. The period during which a repeated examination must pass is 1 month.
In case of disagreement with the conclusions of the commission, you can also go to court.