In this article, we describe the work of A.S. Pushkin's "Captain's Daughter". A retelling of the chapters of this short novel, published in 1836, is brought to your attention.
1. Sergeant of the Guard
The first chapter begins with the biography of Pyotr Andreyevich Grinev. The father of this hero served, after which he retired. There were 9 children in the Grinev family, but eight of them died in infancy, and Peter was left alone. His father wrote it down before the birth in the Semenovsky regiment. Pyotr Andreyevich was on vacation until adulthood. Uncle Savelich serves as a teacher for the boy. He leads the development of Russian literacy Petrusha.
After some time, the Frenchman Bopre was discharged to Peter. He taught him German, French, as well as various sciences. But Bopre did not engage in raising a child, but only drank and walked. The boy's father soon discovered this and drove away the teacher. In the 17th year, Peter was sent to the service, but not in the place where he hoped to get. He goes to Orenburg instead of Petersburg. This decision determined the fate of Peter, the hero of the work "The Captain's Daughter."
Chapter 1 describes the parting words from father to son. He tells him that it is necessary to protect honor from a young age. Petya, having arrived in Simbirsk, met in a tavern with Zurin, the captain who taught him how to play billiards, also drank it and won him 100 rubles. Grinev seemed to break free for the first time. He behaves like a boy. Zurin in the morning requires the required gain. Pyotr Andreevich, in order to show his character, makes Savelich, protesting this, give out money. Then, feeling a pang of conscience, Grinev leaves Simbirsk. So ends in the work "Captain's Daughter" 1 chapter. We will describe further events that occurred with Peter Andreevich.
2. Counselor
Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin tells us about the future fate of this hero of the work "The Captain's Daughter". Chapter 2 of the novel is called the Counselor. In it, we first meet with Pugachev.
Grinev on the way asks Savelych to forgive him for his stupid behavior. Suddenly a blizzard begins on the road, Peter and his servant go astray. They meet one person who offers to escort them to the inn. Grinev, riding in a booth, sees a dream.
Grinevâs dream is an important episode of The Captainâs Daughter. Chapter 2 describes it in detail. In it, Peter comes to his estate and discovers that his father is dying. He comes to him to take his last blessing, but instead of his father he sees an unknown man with a black beard. Grinev is surprised, but his mother convinces him that this is his planted father. A black-bearded man jumps up with an ax, dead bodies fill the whole room. At the same time, the man smiles at Pyotr Andreyevich and also offers that blessing.
Grinev, already in the inn, examines his guide and notices that he is the same person from sleep. This is a medium-sized forty-year-old man, thin and broad-shouldered. His black beard is already noticeable gray. The manâs eyes are lively, they show sharpness and subtlety of the mind. The counselor's face has a rather pleasant expression. It is rogue. His hair was cut in a circle, and this man dressed in Tatar harem pants and an old Armenian.
Counselor talks with the owner in "allegorical language." Pyotr Andreyevich thanks his companion, gives him a hare sheepskin coat, pours a glass of wine.
Grinevâs old comrade, Andrei Karlovich R., sends Peter from Orenburg to serve in the Belogorsk Fortress, located 40 miles from the city. This is where the novel "Captain's Daughter" continues. The chapters retell further events occurring in it, the following.
3. The fortress
This fortress resembles a village. Everything is disposed of here by Vasilisa Egorovna, a rational and kind woman, the wife of the commandant. The next morning, Grinev met with Shvabrin Alexei Ivanovich, a young officer. This man is not tall, perfectly ugly, dark-skinned, very lively. He is one of the main characters of the work "Captain's Daughter". Chapter 3 is the place in the novel where this character first appears before the reader.
Due to the duel, Shvabrin was transferred to this fortress. He tells Pyotr Andreyevich about the life here, about the commandantâs family, while speaking unflattering about his daughter, Masha Mironova. You will find a detailed description of this conversation in the work "The Captain's Daughter" (Chapter 3). The commandant invites Grinev and Shvabrin to a family dinner. Peter sees on the way how the âteachingsâ are taking place: a platoon of invalids is led by Ivan Muzonov. He is wearing a "Chinese robe" and a cap.
4. Duel
An important place in the composition of the work "Captain's Daughter" 4 chapter. The following is told in it.
The commandantâs family really likes Grinev. Peter Andreevich becomes an officer. He communicates with Shvabrin, however, this communication brings the hero less pleasure. Grinyev does not particularly like Alexey Ivanovichâs sharp remarks about Masha. Peter writes mediocre verses and devotes them to this girl. Shvabrin sharply speaks out about them, while insulting Masha. Grinev accuses him of lying, Alexey Ivanovich challenges Peter to a duel. Upon learning of this, Vasilisa Yegorovna orders the arrest of duelists. Broadsword, a domestic girl, robs them of their swords. After a while, Pyotr Andreyevich becomes aware that Shvabrin got married to Masha, but received a refusal from the girl. He now understands why Alexei Ivanovich cursed at Masha's address. A duel was again appointed, on which Pyotr Andreyevich was injured.
5. Love
Masha and Savelich take care of the wounded. Petr Grinev proposes to the girl. He sends a letter to his parents asking for blessings. Shvabrin visits Peter Andreevich and pleads guilty to him. Grinevâs father does not give him blessings; he already knows about the duel that happened, and it was not Savelich who told him about this at all. Pyotr Andreevich believes that this was done by Alexei Ivanovich. Without the consent of the parents, the captainâs daughter does not want to marry. Chapter 5 tells of her decision. We will not describe in detail the conversation between Peter and Masha. We will only say that the captainâs daughter decided to avoid Grinev in the future. The chapter retelling continues with the following events. Pyotr Andreyevich ceases to visit the Mironovs, is losing heart.
6. Pugachevschina
A notice that a robber gang led by Yemelyan Pugachev is operating in the vicinity comes to the commandant. This gang attacks the fortress. Pugachev soon reached the Belogorsk fortress. He urges the commandant to surrender. Ivan Kuzmich decides to send his daughter out of the fortress. The girl says goodbye to Grinev. However, her mother refuses to leave.
7. Attack
Attack of the fortress continues the work "Captain's Daughter". A retelling of the chapters of subsequent events is as follows. At night, the Cossacks leave the fortress. They go to the side of Emelyan Pugachev. A gang attacks him. Mironov with a few defenders is trying to defend himself, but the forces of the two sides are unequal. Emelyan Pugachev , who captured the fortress, arranges a so-called court. Executions on the gallows betray the commandant, as well as his comrades. When it comes to Grinev, Savelich begs Emelyan, rushing at his feet to spare Petr Andreyevich, offers him a ransom. Pugachev agrees. Residents and soldiers give Emelyan an oath. They kill Vasilisa Yegorovna, taking her naked to the porch, as well as her husband. Peter Andreevich leaves the fortress.
8. Uninvited guest
Grinev is very worried about how the captain's daughter lives in the Belogorsk fortress.
The content of the chapters of the subsequent events of the novel describes the subsequent fate of this heroine. A girl is hiding at the horse who tells Pyotr Andreyevich that Shvabrin is on the side of Pugachev. Grinev learns from Savelich that Pugachev is the escort of them along the road to Orenburg. Emelyan calls Grinev to himself, he comes. Pyotr Andreevich draws attention to the fact that everyone behaves like comrades with each other in the camp of Pugachev, while not showing preference to the leader.
Everyone boasts, expresses doubts, disputes Pugachev. His people sing a song about the gallows. The guests disagree. Grinev tells him in private that he does not consider him king. He replies that luck will be wise, because once Grishka Otrepyev also ruled. Emelian releases Pyotr Andreyevich to Orenburg despite the fact that he promises to fight against him.
9. Separation
Emelyan gives Peter the order to tell the governor of this city that the Pugachevites will arrive there soon. Pugachev, leaving Belogorsk fortress, leaves Shvabrina commandant. Savelich writes a list of the looted goods of Pyotr Andreevich and sends it to Emelyan, but he does not pay attention to him in a âfit of magnanimityâ and does not punish the impudent Savelich. He even favors a fur coat from his shoulder Grinev, gives him a horse. Masha, meanwhile, is sick in the fortress.
10. The siege of the city
Peter goes to Orenburg, to Andrei Karlovich, general. Military people are absent from the military council. There are only officials here. It is more prudent, in their opinion, to remain behind a reliable stone wall than to experience your happiness in an open field. For the head of Pugachev, officials are proposing to appoint a large price and bribe the people of Yemelyan. A policeman from the fortress brings Peter Andreevich a letter from Masha. She reports that Schwabrin is forcing her to become his wife. Grinev asks the general to help, provide him with people in order to clean the fortress. However, he refuses.
11. The rebellious settlement
Hurry to the aid of a girl Grinev with Savelich. Pugachevâs people stop them on their way and lead to the leader. He interrogates Pyotr Andreevich about his intentions in the presence of confidants. Pugachevâs people are a hunched, puny old man with a blue ribbon worn over his shoulder over a gray Armenian, as well as a tall, burly and broad-shouldered man of about forty-five. Grinev tells Emelyan that he came in order to save the orphan from the claims of Shvabrin. Pugachevites offer both Grinev and Shvabrin to simply solve the problem - hang them both. However, Pyotr Pugachev is clearly pretty, and he promises to marry him to a girl. Pyotr Andreyevich in the morning goes to the fortress in the Pugachevâs wagon. He confidentially tells him that he would like to go to Moscow, but his comrades are robbers and thieves who will surrender the leader at the first failure, saving his own neck. Emelyan tells a Kalmyk tale about a raven and an eagle. Raven lived for 300 years, but at the same time pecked carrion. And the eagle chose to starve, but did not eat carrion. Itâs better to get drunk with living blood once, says Emelyan.
12. Orphan
Pugachev in the fortress learns that the girl suffers bullying from the new commandant. Mop starves her. Emelyan frees Masha and wants to marry her immediately with Grinev. When Shvabrin says that this is Mironovâs daughter, Emelyan Pugachev decides to let Grinev and Masha go.
13. Arrest
Soldiers on the way from the fortress are taken under the arrest of Grinev. They take Pyotr Andreevich for Pugachev, lead to the boss. It turns out to be Zurin, who advises Pyotr Andreyevich to send Savelich and Masha to his parents, and to Grinev himself to continue the battle. He follows this advice. Pugachevâs army was defeated, but he himself wasnât captured; he managed to assemble new detachments in Siberia. Yemelyan is being persecuted. Zurin is ordered to arrest Grinev and be sent to Kazan under guard, betraying the investigation in the Pugachev case.
14. The court
Pyotr Andreyevich is suspected of serving Pugachev. In this, the last role was played by Schwabrin. Peter sentenced to exile in Siberia. Peter's parents live Masha. They are very attached to her. The girl goes to Petersburg, to Tsarskoye Selo. Here she meets the Empress in the garden and asks for mercy of Peter. Talks about how he got because of her to Pugachev, the captain's daughter. Briefly by chapters, the novel we described concludes as follows. Grinev released. He is present at the execution of Emelyan, who nods his head after recognizing him.
According to the genre, the historical novel is the work "The Captain's Daughter". The retelling of the chapters does not describe all the events, we mentioned only the main ones. Pushkinâs novel is very interesting. After reading the original work "Captain's Daughter" in chapters, you will understand the psychology of the heroes, as well as learn some of the details that we omitted.