Bone meal is a product of processing the bones of poultry and animals. It is widely used as a fertilizer for plants in the open ground. The effect of this fertilizer is quite slow. However, its advantage is that bone meal consists of organic and mineral substances and is a natural fertilizer. She is very popular in organic gardening.
Bone meal is also used as pet food. Use it as an impurity to feed intended for cattle. Also, pet owners, in particular dogs, often introduce this product into their pets ’diet. In particular, bone meal is useful for puppies for the proper formation of the musculoskeletal system. For the diet of cats, fish bone meal is more suitable. Recommended for adult cats at 1 g per day, for kittens - 2 g per day. Veterinarians often advise bone meal for preventive purposes, without fear of unforeseen reactions, since this product has no contraindications for use in animals.
Production of meat and bone meal
Meat and bone meal is a raw material of animal origin used in the production of animal feed. With high quality flour (1-2 grades), feed has the full necessary balance of amino acids. Meat and bone meal also contains macronutrients indispensable in animal nutrition, such as calcium, phosphorus, sodium. It is a source of riboflavin, nicotinic acid, vitamin B1, cobalamin, choline. Adding meat and bone meal to the daily diet of animals will significantly reduce feed costs, increase productivity, and increase the nutritional value of the feed itself.
For the production of meat and bone meal, the K7-FKE line is used, its productivity is 600 kg of flour per shift. The process itself includes processing (preliminary degreasing, sterilization), drying, grinding of raw materials, packaging and weighing of the finished product, as well as its subsequent labeling. During the preparation of the product, during the processing of raw materials, a certain amount of water and fat is lost. To minimize losses in the dry finished substance during production, hot fat is used as a hydrophobic coolant. This helps get rid of excess moisture and disinfect non-food raw materials.
An interesting fact is that some European countries use bone meal as fuel for burning garbage and generating energy. Today, the use of organic flour is very popular in the production of expanded clay, since the consumption of the main fuel, as well as undesirable CO2 emissions, is reduced in the process.
Almost all bone meal production is concentrated in large meat processing plants. First of all, it contributes to non-waste production, which is very profitable from an economic point of view. Also, the location of the workshops in one territory allows saving on transportation of raw materials.
Raw materials for the production of meat and bone meal are waste from the manufacture of technical and food products, corpses of poultry and cattle approved by the sanitary service, and confiscated veterinary services.
As for the production of fish bone meal, unlike meat and bone meal, carcasses of fish that are quite suitable for consumption are also used here. Such flour is produced mainly abroad in fish factories, on farms or in ship factories. In production, fish species such as sardine, herring, menhaden and anchovies are used. The manufacturing process of such flour is much simpler. The fish products are first boiled, then pressed, crushed after drying. Fish and bone meal is used to feed fry, as well as food for ornamental fish.