What is the form of a verb? What types of verbs are

A verb is a part of speech that we find almost more often than all the others. It has a number of constant and changing characteristics, which include the species. Each of us came across this category in our school days. Often she perplexed and raised questions.

This article will help you remember what a type of verb is and learn how to define it. Examples of tasks that you will encounter will help to work out the acquired knowledge.

What is the form of a verb?

A view is one of the permanent attributes belonging to a verb. It reflects how the speaker sees the course of action in time: ending, lasting, repeating, one-time.

A view can be regarded both as a category that changes words, and as one that classifies them. In modern Russian, this group includes only two options.

We answer the question: “What types of verbs are there?” The answer of modern linguists to this question consists of two positions: perfect and imperfect.

Imperfect species

We found the answer to the question: “What is the form of a verb?” Now let's get to know each of them.

Imperfective verbs convey the meaning of an action without indicating its completeness. Three types of words fall into this category:

1. Signifying a long action. For example: "He looked into her eyes for a long time," "She walked along the street endlessly."
2. Passing the value of a repeating action. Example: “Every morning she takes a bus”, “He goes to school every day.”
3. Characterizing continuous action. Consider an example: "The city is on a hill."

Imperfective verbs in many cases are accompanied by the adverbs “long”, “often”, “usually”, conveying the frequency with which the action takes place.

Words of this type can be expressed in three tenses: present, past, future.

Now you know what an imperfect form of a verb is. The next paragraph will talk about words belonging to the second type.

Perfect view

Verbs related to the perfect form convey the meaning of completeness of the action. Limit it to time frames. Words of this type can express:

1. An action that ends with the achievement of a result. For example: "Marina painted a beautiful picture," "Dad hammered a nail into the wall."
2. An action whose boundary is determined by its beginning. For example: “Wonderful music began to play in the hall”, “The girl sang a wonderful romance.”
3. A single action, provided that the word is formed using the suffix "well": "He accidentally pushed me in the corridor", "Out of anger, he kicked the briefcase with his foot."

Words of a perfect form appear only in the forms of past and future simple tenses. We remembered what a perfect verb is. Let's move on to more complex material.

Species pairs

Verbs of both types sometimes form specific pairs. This category includes homonymous words that have the same meaning, but with different semantic nuances. Consider the following examples:

1. Justify and justify. In the first case, we see the completed action, in the second - a long one.
2. Double and double. The first word conveys the meaning of the action that ended when the result was achieved. The second shows the duration.

Most often, similar verbs are formed from one base. But there are exceptions, such as “take and take” or “catch and catch”.

What types of verbs are still?

In modern Russian, one-species and two-type verbs are found. The first type includes words that have the form of only one of the types. Verbs of imperfect form are classified in this category according to the following criteria:

1. The action does not seek to achieve any result. Most often it expresses emotions. For example: hate, regret, expect.
2. The verb expresses a person’s state: cry, dream, be silent, chat.
3. The word denotes movement. Examples: run, jump, dance.
4. The verb conveys an action with the meaning “slightly”: shout, keep up.
5. The word has the meaning of an action that accompanies another, as in the case of “smacking” or “dancing”.
6. The verb has a meaning associated with professional activity. For example: carpentry, teaching.
7. The action is of a mutual nature. Example: whispering, exchanging glances.

Verbs of a perfect form belong to the same type:

1. Containing a few prefixes: forget, forget.
2. Indicating an action that occurred instantly. For example: gushed, blazed.
3. Which show that the action has reached its logical conclusion. For example: call back, make noise.
4. Designating the beginning of the process: gallop, cry.
5. Expressing excess value. Example: to watch enough, to be spoiled.

Two-type verbs

Verbs are of a kind devoid of formal expression. Depending on the context, they can be classified as perfect or imperfect.

Similar words can be divided into three groups:

1. Words with a long history. Some of them: promise, injure, marry, execute.
2. A part of the verbs ending in “scream”. For example, take: promote, research, investigate.
3. Verbs, mostly of foreign origin, incorporating the suffixes "ova", "irova". Examples: store, codify, wire.

Exercises

To determine what types of verbs are found in tasks, you must follow the following algorithm:

1. See if the word matches the criteria for a single or two-type verb.
2. If there is a prefix, in most cases it will be a perfect look.
3. In order to determine exactly what kind of verb you need to ask a question to it. "What to do?" - imperfect species. "What to do?" - perfect view.

Let's move on to a little training. Determine what species the words belong to:

• to say (two-part verb);
• cook (owl view) ;
• start (non-view);
• consider (inconsistent view);
• find (Sov. view);
• to walk (single-species verb of a non-native species);
• to rule (monospecific verb of a non-native species);
• writes (inconsistent view).

Indicate what kind of verb appears in the sentence:

1. He deeply regretted what had happened (the single-species verb of an imperfect form).
2. I got used to sleep before dinner (the first verb is a perfect form, the second is a single-sighted imperfect type).
3. He asked me a tricky question (perfect look).
4. Every day he looks out the window in anticipation of something (an imperfect view).
5. He loved to teach in the company (single-species verbs of imperfect form).
6. The first spring thunder-storm died out (a single-species verb of a perfect form).
7. He got a job as a salesman in a clothing store in order to earn some money (the first verb is a perfect form, the second is of the same type, but at the same time it is single-species).

From this article, you learned what a type of verb is. We got acquainted with the words of the single-species and two-species type. We examined examples of exercises with explanations. And they received recommendations that will help you easily determine the type of verb.

Having stumbled upon a task related to the definition of a species, you can easily indicate which type a word belongs to, even if the words initially seem complex.