Since August 2014, Law No. 328n enters into force. In accordance with it, a new edition of the "Rules for labor protection during the operation of electrical installations" is introduced. Intersectoral standards require the leaders of each enterprise, where technological processes involve the use of electrical equipment, to conduct mandatory training of personnel in the new rules and organize an unscheduled examination of knowledge. At the same time, the amount of information should be assimilated by employees in proportion to their duties.
Structure of the new Rules
The content of the appendix to Law No. 328n, of course, has undergone some changes, but the names and meaning of the main sections have remained the same. This also applies to the content of the chapters, which stipulates the safety of work in electrical installations, for which the issuance of work permit. The rules stipulate that it should occur after members of the brigades are instructed on labor protection for workers, according to their specialties.
The first three sections of the appendix to Law No. 328n specify the scope of its application, requirements for personnel, operational maintenance and inspection of equipment and do not mention work alongside in electrical installations. Detailed conditions for issuance, the procedure for registration, qualifications of the admitting, observing and manufacturers are set out in chapters starting from V.
Job assignment
Electrotechnological personnel entitled to repair and maintain electrical installations must receive an admission order issued on a special form before starting to fulfill their duties. Its form and filling conditions are given in the same Rules in Appendix No. 7.
The admission order for work in electrical installations should include the start time, place, time of completion of work, their contents, the composition of the team, safety conditions, position, surname, name and patronymic of the responsible manager.
Repair and preventive maintenance in the existing electrical installations is prohibited without the assignment, drawn up with a work permit. And also it is not allowed to increase the volume of work performed, the number of specialists, to expand the list of actions approved by the head of the enterprise.
The person responsible for the safety of production processes issues an admission order for repair and maintenance, after instructing the employees, assessing the possibility and necessity of performing actions, and determining the qualitative and quantitative composition of the team.
Organizational activities
Safety in electrical installations is specified in the fifth section of the rules. It refers to the organizational measures necessary to carry out repairs and preventive examinations by administrative, technical, operational, repair and maintenance personnel, depending on the qualification group. It is assigned after training and testing knowledge in specialized institutions.
The rules of work in electrical installations relate the issuance of an admission order to organizational measures. In the fifth section, it is said that, in terms of responsibilities, the form is filled out by the person responsible for the safe conduct of work. According to the rules, this is:
1. Manager approving the list.
2. The specialist who issues the admission order.
3. The employee who issues the order.
4. The person authorizing the preparation of the workplace.
5. The observer.
6. The manufacturer of the work.
A work permit for work in electrical installations or an order has the right to issue personnel of a certain qualification. There are some nuances here. So, work in electrical installations up to 1000V is allowed for persons with an IV group, over 1000 V - for those with a V group.
Job preparation order
The admission order for work in electrical installations contains not only information about the time and place of their conduct, but also marks on permission to prepare places for inspection, repair, and prevention. Operational personnel having an IV or V qualification group, on the form, makes an appropriate entry and is responsible for:
1. Safe shutdown, inclusion and grounding of equipment.
2. A clear definition of the time interval of work.
3. Indication of the place.
4. Accounting for the quantitative composition of the teams.
5. Obtaining information about the completion of actions.
6. The accuracy and correctness of the commands given.
The rules allow authorization of administrative and technical personnel with the proviso that this must be approved in writing by the director of the enterprise.
Allowing, supervisor, supervisor, producer
The rules of work in electrical installations contain certain requirements for persons who are responsible managers. They are appointed in cases where the repair and maintenance of equipment is carried out:
1. When using lifting machines and mechanisms.
2. In case of power failure.
3. When working with cable lines in the areas of traffic and the location of communications.
4. When replacing parts of the supports of high voltage lines, as well as their dismantling, installation.
5. When connecting a newly introduced overhead line.
6. When working under induced voltage.
7. In some other cases.
The right to authorize repair, inspection and preventive maintenance is reserved for a person from personnel with a qualification group of at least IV-V. His responsibilities include the assessment of safety measures taken during the preparation of workplaces or their direct preparation, instructing members of the brigade.
The manufacturer issuing the work permit-permit must have group IV when performing maintenance in electrical installations with voltage up to 1000 V, V - over 1000. He is appointed from the operational staff and is responsible for:
1. The completeness and clarity of the targeted briefing to team members.
2. Admission to work in electrical installations.
3. The correct use, serviceability and availability of equipment, tools, collective and individual PPE.
4. The presence on the spot of enclosing and prohibiting signs.
5. Full observance of the Rules on labor protection.
The supervisor must be appointed from among staff with a qualification group of at least III. The need for the presence of such an employee arises if all members of the brigade do not have the necessary qualifications in electrical safety. The duties of the observer include:
1. Security.
2. Safety and availability of warning, prohibiting safety signs, posters, fences, grounding, locking devices.
3. Control over the compliance of the workplace with the developed activities.
4. The completeness of the targeted briefing.
Clearance clearance
In this part of the rules, the drafters of the law introduced some changes. If the work permit for work in existing electrical installations was previously issued in two copies when directly handed over to hands, and in three copies when transmitting it by radio or telephone, then the new regulatory document allows the transfer of the order by e-mail, followed by printing it in the same quantities. But even in this case, there is no need to fill in all the columns. At the place of signature of the person who issues the order, his position, surname and initials are prescribed. They are certified by the employee directly filling out the form.
The rules allow the possibility of appointing one person as allowing or observing. Then the work permit for work in electrical installations should be issued in duplicate.
The permit is valid for 15 days. Renewal is possible only 1 time, also for 15 calendar days. If there were breaks in the work, then the work permit is valid until the end of the term.
The permit may be extended by the employee who originally filled out the form, or by any other person entitled to issue a work permit for work in the same electrical installation. Also, such information may be transmitted by telephone and radio communication with subsequent recording in the form of the name and initials of the specialist who allowed the continuation of repair, inspection or prevention.
After the work is completed, tolerance orders are stored for at least 30 days, subsequently they can be destroyed. If there were accidents, accidents, any other incidents, then the forms are attached to the investigation materials and stored with them.
Logbook
Work on along with electrical installations is subject to mandatory registration. The accounting form is given in the rules in Appendix No. 8. The contents of the journal in the new edition have not changed. The same applies to accounting in electronic form or automated specialized systems. The new rules allow the possibility of electronic signature in the journal, in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.
Any other form of record keeping remains valid subject to approval by the head of the enterprise and unchanged content of the information.
Conditions for issuing an order in one copy
Equipment with a voltage exceeding 1000 V is allowed to be repaired and inspected with a single outfit-tolerance, provided that it is de-energized. It is forbidden to enter nearby electrical installations. If the voltage in them is up to 1000 V, then all current-carrying parts are allowed not to be disconnected.
It is also allowed to issue an admission order in one copy for work in electrical installations in switchboards, busbars and some other parts. The voltage in them should be less than 1000 V. In this case, the equipment must also be de-energized.
The rules allow filling in the form for several or one workplace, in cases where their electrical circuits or equipment have the same name, purpose, voltage.
Also, work on along with in electrical installations can be carried out during the design of one instance of the following cases:
1. When transferring or laying control and power cables, checking protection devices, checking the blocking of electrical automation, testing, blocking communication or telemechanics.
2. During repair work in switching devices.
3. When inspecting a single cable in a well, tunnel, collector, pit or trench.
4. When repairing no more than two cables, if it is performed in two or one pit and one switchgear. At the same time, supervision should be provided of the working team by the manufacturer of the work.
1. Tightening of contact connections. The charge-tolerance for work on several electrical installations can be written out in one copy, if they are of the same type, and the sequence is sequential, the equipment performs the functions of converting and distributing electricity, that is, is located in a substation. According to the rules, these include:
2. Cleaning insulators.
3. Topping up oil and sampling it.
4. Switching transformer windings.
5. Testing bar insulators, electrical devices, measuring instruments, relay protection.
These are not work of increased danger. The admission order in this case is written out with filling in the corresponding column for each substation.
Switchgear Territories
A separate paragraph of the rule stipulates the conditions of action in the area of high-voltage lines. The work permit for work in electrical installations on the territory of switchgears is issued by an employee who belongs to the operational personnel serving the overhead lines. He also instructs the members of the brigade, if the work is carried out on the end support. To it, RU service personnel are required to accompany them.
Portals of open switchgears, switchgear buildings are being repaired by workers who receive permission from the permits from among the employees related to the operational personnel who directly service the equipment itself.
High-voltage lines are inspected according to one tolerance. If the overhead line is multi-circuit, then a work permit is issued separately for each circuit. The exception is:
1. Stress relief from the entire high voltage line.
2. Repair and inspection of overhead lines in places of their switching.
3. Shutdown of transformer points or their complete.
4. Prevention on high-voltage lines with non-current-carrying parts or requiring no shutdown.
Special work in electrical installations for the repair of cable joints and terminal couplings in RU is permitted according to the schedule issued by operational personnel directly servicing the switchgear.
Communication devices
The preparation of jobs for work in communication devices located on the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan is carried out by operational personnel from among those servicing this device.
The right to issue an admission order is granted to the specialists of the technological and dispatch control, which does not preclude the possibility of permitting repairs, inspections, and preventive measures controlling the switchgear.
An exception is work on high-frequency traps and coupling capacitors. In these cases, only personnel serving RU are entitled to issue an admission order.
Conclusion
The data in this article is an incomplete list of conditions for issuing orders for work in electrical installations. As mentioned above, in order to clearly understand all sections of the Rules, employees related to repair and maintenance require a complete study of the appendix to Law No. 328n, followed by passing exams. The conditions for testing the knowledge of personnel in each organization are developed separately based on intersectoral standards.