Hydraulics is one of the oldest mechanisms in the operation of power equipment. The simplest representative of units of this type is the press. With its help, large compressive efforts are provided in various industries with minimal organizational and operational costs. The quality of the device’s performance will depend on which press station is used — whether it matches the target structure in terms of performance and whether it is capable of supporting sufficient force in principle.
Appointment of the unit
Hydraulic equipment mainly works due to pressure drops, which is controlled by a third-party pump unit. This is the hydroelectric station, which acts as a source of energy, converted into mechanical force for the press. Pneumatic presses and compressors interact in a similar way, where not air, but compressed air acts as the working medium. To understand the specific technical tasks that the pump performs for the press hydraulic station, it is necessary to represent the entire process during equipment operation. The pressing object is placed on a platform connected to the piston of the machine. The pressure exerted on the cylinder of the press begins to increase when exposed to the small piston to which the station is connected. By varying the pressure in the small piston, the operator logically affects the force acting in the main working cylinder and the associated working structures. In other words, under the action of the pump force, a large piston rises, as a result of which the processing object abuts against the platform and contracts. In this configuration, the device and the press, and pumping stations can be different, not to mention the differences in specific operating parameters.
Construction device
For industrial presses, full-length pumping stations with an electric drive and ample opportunities are usually used to regulate performance during the conversion process. The basic device of a press hydrostation includes the following set of elements:
- The pump is usually gear.
- Electric motor.
- Filtration system - with membranes and screeners that allow cleaning of working oils, water and other process fluids.
- Valve system - bypass, locking and adjusting elements are used.
- Hybrid tank.
- Instrumentations - pressure gauges, oil level indicators and thermometers are mandatory.
- Couplings, fittings and adapters for making various-format pump connections and communications of the main equipment.
Varieties of Hydro Power Plants
Differences in technical and operational characteristics and application conditions of different pressing machines also determine the need for continuous expansion of the product range in the hydroelectric station segment. To date, several classification features have taken shape that distinguish this equipment:
- Type of power support. The most common electric models, but in small industries and households it is quite advisable to use manual hydraulic press stations with a handle and a small cylinder volume of about 0.6-0.8 liters.
- Type of work environment used. Again, the more complex the tasks performed, the higher the requirements for the regulation of pressure parameters. If simple pressing tasks can be supported by water, which is filtered, then responsible industrial mechanisms cannot do without the support of oil plants. The use of special oil media is characterized by a lower load on the surface of the cylinders and a smoother piston stroke.
- Management method. The simplest manual press hydraulic stations are completely dependent on the physical pressure exerted by the operator on the handle. However, more modern stations with an electric drive are provided with foot and remote control panels, which allow you to smoothly or stepwise control the force, perform pressure relief in automatic mode and keep the fluid level under control.
Hardware Specifications
Hydrostations involved in the maintenance of pressing machines typically have the following performance indicators:
- The volume of the tank is from 0.2 to 1000 liters.
- Productivity - from 0.5 to 95 l / min.
- Working pressure - from 1.5 to 70 bar.
- Temperature limits for the operation of working environments - the average range is from -20 to 70 ° C.
The lower level of indicators for the most part characterizes the capabilities of household hydrostations for presses with typical manual control. As the same productivity and volume of the hydraulic tank increase, the station switches to the professional segment with the expectation of use in workshops and production enterprises.
The use of hydropower plants
The entire workflow consists of several simple operations:
- The unit is mounted on site. It is desirable to ensure the immobility of the structure. If the manual version is used, then it is necessary to hold the body of the hydraulic press station with your own hands in a stable position until the end of the working cycle. Typically, for convenient physical handling of such equipment, kits for pumps include special clamps and other restraining devices.
- To activate the pressure boosting process, either manual pumping of liquid through the handle is performed, or a special pedal with a button that opens the valve is held.
- The operation continues until the work cycle is completed - it depends on the nature of the pressing process.
- When the operation is completed, you must release the working bodies or disable the button for automatic pressure control.
- The station stock returns to its original position.
Conclusion
It is not difficult to find high-quality equipment on the market to support the operation of a hydraulic press. Both domestic and foreign manufacturers of industrial equipment and construction tools are hydrostations for presses in a huge assortment. For example, hand models of famous world brands like JTC and Trommelberg are estimated at 10-15 thousand rubles. If we are talking about work processes in a car workshop or on the technological cycle of a processing plant, then a powerful station will be required, the cost of which can reach 200-300 thousand rubles.