A blood coagulogram, or hemostasiogram, as a type of blood test, is performed in order to study its coagulability. This analysis is prescribed in cases of operations that are associated with blood loss, as well as to detect abnormalities in blood coagulation, both low and high, which can cause various diseases, for example, thrombosis, heart attacks or strokes.
A coagulogram, the decoding of which is most often presented in special tables characterizing the circulatory system and its analysis for hemostasis, makes it possible to determine violations in the plasma.
Thus, a hemostasiogram is a necessary study during pregnancy, before various operations, in the postoperative period, with varicose veins, autoimmune diseases and liver diseases.
The ability to constantly maintain a liquid form and at the same time to form and eliminate clots if necessary, is provided by the hemostatic system in the body. Any bleeding disorders can lead to serious consequences.
Hemostasis has some factors that are determined by a laboratory test method. So with primary hemostasis, you can determine: platelet count, duration of bleeding, platelet aggregation and adhesion, blood clot reaction to other indicators. With secondary hemostasis, the duration of blood coagulation, IPT, APTT, the number of fibrinogens, etc., is determined.
So, during pregnancy, a coagulogram (physiological norm) will show increased blood coagulation, which should not cause concern in this case.
Let us consider in more detail what indicators are considered normal during this study.
1. The duration of bleeding. Normally, bleeding stops in the third minute after the puncture. An increase in this period may indicate vitamin deficiency, a decrease in the number of platelets.
2. Aggregation and adhesion of platelets. Coagulogram (normal): - adhesion - up to 50% and aggregation - up to 20%. An increase in these indicators may indicate the development of atherosclerosis, thrombosis, diabetes mellitus or heart attack.
3. Retraction of a blood clot. Normally, retraction rates range from forty-eight to sixty-four percent.
4. Duration of blood coagulation. Coagulogram (normal): for venous blood - from five to ten minutes, for capillary blood - from thirty seconds to five minutes.
An increase in these time periods may indicate the presence of anticoagulants in the blood or the development of liver diseases or hemophilia. A decrease in time can be observed with severe bleeding.
5. PTI (the most important study with a coagulogram). Based on this analysis, it is possible to determine diseases of the digestive tract and liver. Coagulogram (norm): IPT - from ninety-three to one hundred and seven percent, while prothrombin time - from eleven to fifteen seconds. An increase in these indicators may indicate the development of thrombosis, but in some cases this indicates the use of contraceptives.
6. Fibrinogen. Normally, this indicator ranges from two to four g / l. Its change indicates pneumonia, inflammatory processes, stroke, burns, hepatitis, cirrhosis, heart attack, and more.
7. APTT. Normally, this indicator is equal to thirty to forty seconds. It should be noted that with a decrease in any indicator of blood coagulation to forty percent, the level of APTT will change. However, a change in this indicator may indicate the development of liver diseases, hemophilia and other diseases.
Thus, the coagulation process is three interrelated reactions: internal and external blood coagulation, as well as the conversion of fibrinogen into fibrin.