Due to various injuries, congenital abnormalities or degenerative-dystrophic changes in bone tissue in humans, freedom of movement is reduced. It is becoming increasingly difficult for him to perform simple actions. Especially a lot of inconvenience is caused by the pathology of the hip joint. Any movement, even sitting, hurts a person. Many patients are constantly forced to take painkillers, but the situation is still aggravated. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to restore a person's ability to move without pain. The main method to achieve this is gymnastics for the hip joint. But in order for it to benefit, rather than harm even more, it is necessary to engage under the guidance of a specialist.
Special Exercise Properties
For any pathological processes in the hip joint, gymnastics is necessary. Without this, the disease will progress, muscles and ligaments atrophy, and the destruction of cartilage tissue will accelerate. After all, pain causes a person to limit mobility, which leads to a slowdown in blood circulation and metabolism, and a decrease in muscle tone. And correctly performed exercises perform the following functions:
- improve blood circulation and tissue nutrition;
- strengthen the ligaments that hold the joint;
- relieve muscle spasms, improve their performance;
- prevent the development of complications, osteoporosis and contractures;
- return to the patient confidence in the movements.
When you need physical therapy
The hip joint is the largest and most complex in the human body. It consists of the head of the femur, which connects to the pelvis using articular cartilage, many muscles and ligaments. The movement and cushioning properties of the joint are provided by cartilage and special synovial fluid. Under certain conditions, destructive processes begin in the joint itself or in the tissues surrounding it. This leads to pain, limitation of mobility. Coxarthrosis, arthritis, osteoporosis, bursitis and other diseases develop. They can appear due to injuries, age-related changes, increased stress, metabolic disorders. Only special healing gymnastics of the hip joints will help stop the destruction.
Contraindications for exercise therapy
Despite the fact that gymnastics for the hip joint is the most effective way to get rid of many pathologies, it can not be performed by everyone. Any exercise therapy is contraindicated in such cases:
- at elevated pressure;
- with blood diseases;
- patients with severe diseases of the cardiovascular system;
- in the presence of a hernia;
- with infectious diseases, fever;
- if exacerbated chronic diseases;
- during the acute period of a disease of the hip joint, in the presence of pain.
Basic rules of classes
For hip joint gymnastics to really benefit, it must be done correctly. Only following all the rules will help restore joint function and improve the patient's condition.
- You can do it only after the exacerbation subsides, in the absence of pain. It is especially important to prevent pain during coxarthrosis or osteoporosis, otherwise it can lead to injuries.
- Classes must be regular. In order to establish blood circulation and nutrition of all tissues of the joint, it must undergo special stresses daily, and in some cases several times a day.
- You can perform only those exercises that the doctor recommended. After all, the types and intensity of the load vary depending on the characteristics of the disease and the condition of the tissues of the joint.
- The load can be increased gradually. Only in some cases it is allowed to expand the range of motion and add weight. But basically, the increase in load occurs due to an increase in the number of repetitions and the addition of new exercises.
- Breathing during exercise should be free. You can not detain him or bring to his strong speed. After each exercise, breathing must be restored by taking a couple of deep breaths and exhalations.
- All movements are performed slowly, without jerking and effort.
- Each exercise is first repeated 3-5 times. After improvement, the number of repetitions should reach 10-15.
What are the benefits of joints?
With various pathologies of the musculoskeletal system, it is recommended to move more. Heavy loads and professional sports are excluded, jumping, weight lifting are prohibited. But a little physical activity for the joints is only beneficial. In addition to performing a special exercise therapy complex, doctors recommend swimming, doing yoga and walking more during the recovery period after injuries, operations, and when the exacerbations of degenerative processes subside.
How not to do
There are especially many limitations in performing exercises for coxarthrosis of the hip joint. In this case, as well as with many other pathologies, it is impossible:
- squat;
- jump;
- to perform exercises associated with active flexion-extension of the joint, rotational movements;
- apply force to the joint;
- bring to the appearance of pain;
- walk a lot;
- ride a bike.
Recovery from operations and injuries
Particular attention should be paid to classes in case of physical damage to the hip joint. After various injuries and surgical interventions, it is restored for a very long time. Rehabilitation activities should be comprehensive. And the main place among them is gymnastics. It is wrong to think that after an injury you can only do it when you are allowed to get up. Such prolonged immobility will lead to atrophy of the ligaments and muscles and the destruction of cartilage. Therefore, after the pain subsides, you need to start performing simple exercises: turns and rotations of the feet, tension of the thigh muscles, movement of a healthy limb.
Of the surgical interventions, the most common is hip arthroplasty. Gymnastics is also required after it. It is necessary to move the foot and healthy leg, to strain the muscles of the hips and buttocks. After some time, it is recommended that you slowly take your foot across the bed to the side, bend it at the knee. Then it is allowed to get up, walk on crutches, raise legs up and to the side from a prone position.
Core exercises
Specialists have developed several complexes that are performed for various joint pathologies. All exercises are assigned to the patient individually after examination and determination of the state of tissues. The number of repetitions, duration of classes and types of loads may also vary. Gymnastics for the hip joint may include such exercises:
- from a supine position, raise alternately straight or bent legs at the knees, tensing the muscles of the hips and buttocks;
- lying on your side with a bent lower leg, you need to lift the upper straight leg with a small amplitude;
- sitting on a chair, bring and knees apart;
- sitting on the floor, slowly lean forward, stretching the muscles of the hips and back;
- lying on his stomach alternately bend and pull the leg to the chest;
- lying on your back, bend your knees and place them shoulder-width apart, resting on your feet and shoulders, raise your pelvis up;
- sitting on the floor, move forward on the buttocks, actively working with arms bent at the elbows;
- sitting on a chair, lean forward strongly, trying to reach your toes;
- Become a foot on a small stand and perform swings with the other foot back and forth.
Gymnastics with coxarthrosis of the hip joint
One of the most severe pathologies of the musculoskeletal system is the progressive destruction of the joint. It is called coxarthrosis and causes severe suffering during movement. The gradual destruction of cartilage leads to a complete loss of mobility. Therefore, therapeutic exercises for coxarthrosis of the hip joint is the main treatment method. It not only helps relieve pain, speeds up blood circulation and tissue nutrition. Properly performed exercises strengthen the muscles and ligaments that hold the joint, which slows down its destruction.
But dystrophic processes in the cartilage tissue lead to the fact that all exercises must be performed smoothly, with a small amplitude. Intense flexion and extension in the joint are contraindicated, as they can aggravate its destruction. Therefore, it is recommended to engage under the supervision of a specialist. It is especially important that gymnastics with coxarthrosis of the hip joints of the 2nd degree is performed correctly and carefully. It should be aimed at relaxing the muscles, stretching them, strengthening the ligaments, and the joint itself should participate in the loads minimally. Most exercises are performed from a supine or abdominal position so as not to increase the load on the joint. It is necessary to ensure that the movement in no case leads to the appearance of pain.
Gymnastics for hip dysplasia
Congenital underdevelopment of the joint is quite common after complicated births or pathologies during pregnancy. It is necessary to treat dysplasia in the first year of life, when the baby does not walk. The main methods are gymnastics and massage. They need to be carried out 2-3 times a day regularly. All movements are performed slowly and smoothly, they should not cause unpleasant sensations to the baby. Gymnastics of the hip joints for children may include such exercises:
- when the baby is lying on his back, grab him by the knees, carefully raise the legs, rotate them;
- take the child by the ankle joints and alternately bend and unbend his legs;
- raise the baby's legs to his head;
- when the child is lying on his stomach, bend his legs, bringing the heels to the buttocks.
Various pathologies of the hip joints are effectively treated with gymnastics. But in order not to harm yourself even more, you need to follow the rules for performing exercises.