Due to legal requirements, Russian companies in many cases undertake to draw up production control programs. When compiling them, the recommendations and requirements of regulatory agencies, as well as the specifics of the organization of production at a particular enterprise should be taken into account. What is the purpose of the respective programs? In what structure can they be composed?
What is production control?
Before considering what a typical production control program is, we will examine its essence in more detail.
The appropriate type of control is the direction of the organization's activity, which implies ensuring the conformity of production processes with sanitary and epidemiological requirements, as well as the absence of harmful effects on human health and the environment. Carrying out production control, the organization, therefore, focuses primarily on sanitary rules and conducts preventive measures.
Work in the corresponding direction is carried out, in turn, on the basis of special programs. Now consider their essence in more detail.
What is a production control program?
A typical production control program is an internal corporate document binding on most enterprises, which governs the procedure for an economic entity to ensure that its activities comply with the requirements of sanitary legislation. As a rule, once a document of the appropriate type is adopted, it does not have a limitation on the validity period. But if necessary, it can be supplemented and adjusted based on the fact that certain changes are taking place in the activities of the enterprise. For example, in the structure of the state, used production technologies and other areas of housekeeping.
What is fixed in the production control program ?
The content of the production control program largely depends on the characteristics of the economic activity of a particular subject. But in most cases it reflects:
- the procedure for conducting various laboratory studies at work positions, testing the quality of raw materials, finished products, studying the technology of production of goods;
- the procedure for specialists of the company to undergo vocational training, various medical examinations - if this is required on the basis of legal norms, or the provisions of local sources of law;
- the procedure for maintaining records in the framework of production control;
- algorithm for the implementation of quality control of goods, raw materials, technology efficiency;
- certification procedure for certain production operations;
- an algorithm for organizing information work involving interaction with citizens, other organizations, government departments on various issues and situations.
Consider the features of the development of the program in question.
Features of the development of control programs
The solution of the problem under consideration implies that the specialists who are responsible for the relevant area of work have extremely high competence in the field of hygiene, ecology, and knowledge of sanitary standards. Of course, an employee of the company may engage in an approximate model program of production control in order to compile one that characterizes the specifics of production in his company, but, as a rule, it is advisable to connect competent specialists to correctly reflect the most important data in it. Even two firms that produce exactly the same goods may have production features that predetermine the need to draw up very dissimilar control programs in question.
It is worth noting that the law does not fix mandatory forms that an internal corporate or standard production control program must comply with. One way or another, it is created in an arbitrary form. The main thing, again, with the assistance of competent specialists, is to reflect in it the necessary information and parameters. The form of the document in this case becomes a secondary factor.
However, the regulatory agencies have nevertheless issued a number of legal acts in which recommendations are recorded, as well as instructions for the preparation of relevant documents. Consider their specifics in more detail.
Designing a control program: recommendations from departments
What should approximately contain an internal or standard production control program is recorded, in particular, in document SP 1.1.1058-01. In addition, Rospotrebnadzor issued recommendations on the preparation of the corresponding document. The agency published a letter on typical production control programs on April 13, 2009. In accordance with this legal act, enterprises are encouraged to generate relevant documents, which should reflect, in particular, the order of laboratory and instrumental studies at the enterprise. In this case, the program records:
- names of objects of control;
- a specific object of study - for example, material used in production;
- key indicators studied by experts;
- the frequency of control of each of the objects;
- links to regulatory documents used in production control.
Of course, the Letter of the Rospotrebnadzor on model industrial control programs is a legal act that contains mainly recommendatory provisions. But there are sources of law in the status of federal laws, which, in turn, oblige enterprises to adhere to certain norms when drawing up production control programs. Among them is the federal law “On Water Supply”.
Designing a control program: regulations from departments
In the noted law, in particular, it is said that the program of industrial control of water quality should be developed by the organization in agreement with the state supervision body in the relevant field. An internal or standard production control program for water quality in accordance with the specified regulatory act should reflect:
- indicators of control;
- places where water is taken for sampling;
- frequency of sampling.
The Federal Law “On Water Supply” is supplemented by various by-laws, for example, government decree No. 10, which regulates the procedure for monitoring water quality according to the criteria under consideration. In addition, the territorial bodies of state supervision have the right to expand the list of indicators according to which the company is controlled, and also to increase the number of inspections if, as part of additional examinations, it is revealed that the water quality has decreased, its composition has changed, or if if the area has changed environmental conditions.
Thus, intra-corporate and, as a result, typical production control programs formed by enterprises for various purposes can, in cases provided for by law, be adjusted by various departments.
Let us now consider a number of practical nuances of compiling the document in question.
In what structure can a production control program be presented? In most cases, it begins with an element such as an explanatory note.
Designing a control program: explanatory note
The relevant section, which may include an internal or typical production control program at the enterprise, should reflect:
- information about the organization, as well as the facility within which the business is conducted;
- The main types of work, services and manufactured products of the enterprise;
- activities in the company that could potentially be harmful to humans and the environment, as well as require certification or a license.
It is also advisable to include in the structure of the explanatory note information about the buildings, structures, equipment and vehicles used by the enterprise.
Development of a control program: list of standards
The program should have a section that will reflect the list of official sanitary standards that the company must adhere to in economic activity. It is very useful to single out among them, first of all, those that characterize precisely the sphere of the economy in which the company operates. In order to create this list, you can request advice from Rospotrebnadzor.
Development of a control program: list of responsible employees
The next most important component of this document is the section that will reflect the list of employees responsible for production control. Its formation will depend primarily on the industry in which the company operates. If, for example, an intracorporate or standard production control program for a food service is drawn up, then the production manager or restaurant safety engineer can be responsible for its implementation.
Development of a control program: medical examinations
The most important section of the document in question is the one that reflects the procedure for employees to undergo medical examinations, as well as the necessary instruction in the field of ensuring safety at work. Particular attention should be paid to the formation of this section if an official or standard production control program is drawn up at a preschool or school, since educational institutions are supposed to provide the highest level of protection for citizens from environmental factors, production, even small ones, at the level of kitchens and workshops in specialized departments of educational institutions.
In the section under consideration, there may be a list of posts that are on the staffing table of the institution, which suggest that the specialists who occupy them undergo medical examinations with one or another frequency, and also subject to the registration of a medical book.
Development of a control program: production protection
In turn, the control program may include sections that are extremely significant, for example, for industrial enterprises, from the point of view of ensuring the protection of personnel, equipment, and infrastructure at work from various harmful factors. In this section, the procedure for handling specialists of the company with various substances, various types of finished products, and the safe implementation of certain manufacturing operations may be regulated.
Development of a control program: list of activities
One of the key sections of the program is the one that establishes a list of control measures, the procedure for their implementation, as well as reporting on them. In principle, in order to form this block of the document, exactly the same types of production control programs recommended by the agencies may be involved. Rospotrebnadzor will probably only welcome the creation by enterprises of documents on recommendations that are published in legal acts of state supervisory authorities.
Program development: applications
The main control program can be supplemented by various applications. They can record, for example, unified forms of accounting and reporting on certain events, lists of officials who are responsible for certain tasks related to ensuring safety at work. What might a control program look like? A sample of the relevant document is in the picture below.
This section of the program is reflected in which a list of employees who, in particular, must undergo medical examinations is recorded. In a certain sense, it can be considered typical and applicable at other enterprises - taking into account the local characteristics of business entities.
The program in question should be approved by the management of the enterprise as an independent local regulatory act.
What are the sanctions for the lack of a control program?
In accordance with federal law No. 52, adopted on March 30, 1999, employing companies are required to approve the programs in question, if they are absent, penalties may be imposed on the company. For example, a manager can be fined up to 1 thousand rubles, the company itself - up to 20 thousand rubles. In addition, state supervisory authorities can initiate the suspension of an enterprise for up to 90 days.
It is important that when drafting the document in question, the management of the company pay attention to its quality. It is undesirable for it to become the basis of not properly prepared exemplary standard programs for conducting production control. It is important that the relevant document reflects the specifics of production, staff structure, management system in the enterprise.