Many years ago, Maslow invented a pyramid in which he distributed the benefits necessary for a person in terms of importance. One of the priority is the need for food. We get food thanks to agriculture, which, in turn, is part of the sectors of the agricultural industrial complex (AIC). Every year, global demand for food is growing, daily the number of hungry people is increasing. Given this and its internal needs, the agro-industrial complex of Russia works not only to ensure food security within the country, but also supplies food to its borders. A positive aspect in the agricultural activity of the federation is the size of the territory and the presence of various temperature regions. This allows you to grow a huge amount of products, virtually abandoning imports.
The concept of agriculture. His spheres
AIC is a harmonious and well-coordinated work of industries that set as their goal the satisfaction of food needs of the population. In addition, this tandem supplies a variety of raw materials to industries, as well as solves social issues.
AIC is a complex consisting of three areas. The first united industries involved in the direct supply of agriculture with the means of production he needed. These include machines, equipment, various equipment and more. The second area is agriculture - the largest of all three. Its specific gravity in the agricultural sector is at least 70% of the total complex. Procurement, transportation, processing, storage, packaging, marketing of products are carried out by a combination of branches of the third sphere.
That was a few years ago. At the present stage, a fourth sphere is also distinguished in the developed agricultural complex - infrastructure. She combined industries that do not produce any products and materials on their own, but have a huge impact on the lives of people in rural areas. These include: social (schools, kindergartens), service (mail, shops, hairdressers), information (television and radio) and other branches.
Subcomplexes and links of the agro-industrial complex
The structure of the agro-industrial complex includes two main subcomplexes:
- Food - this unit produces and sells food products (fruits, vegetables, meat, milk, wine, etc.).
- Raw materials - this subcomplex supplies the industry with the agricultural raw materials it needs (cotton, linen, etc.).
AIC is a kind of pyramid, consisting of several steps. The very first element in the formation of this complex has been and still is personal subsidiary plots, farms, all kinds of agricultural partnerships and associations. Then follow large cooperatives and collective farms. All this is combined in the agricultural sector of the district, then the region and country.
Agriculture Economics
AIC is a “family” of industries united by the division of labor, which, depending on the demand for food, are trying to satisfy this demand. There are many sciences that are engaged in the study of this complex. Thus, the economy of the agro-industrial complex reveals the rationality of using certain types of resources to obtain any final product. Also, this section of the national economy finds ways to improve, develop and improve the efficiency of the complex and all its industries. It is the economy that determines: in an intensive or extensive way, progress is being made in the activities of the agricultural sector of a country.
In many developed countries , a huge number of people are employed in agriculture . It is the scale of the agro-industrial complex that affects the welfare, living standards of the population and ensuring food security of the country.