"Yuri Dolgoruky" (submarine). Submarines of Russia

In August 2011, the Bulava intercontinental-ballistic missile was launched at a maximum range in the White Sea from the nuclear submarine Yuri Dolgoruky. Russia's “nuclear triad” has intensified in its most important component - the submarine fleet of missile-carrying ships. This is the strongest part of the triad that the armed forces of any country are proud of.

Quiet "city killer"

The submarine Yuri Dolgoruky belongs to the 4th generation strategic submarines. Its purpose is the destruction of ground strategic targets of the enemy. It can deliver sixteen strikes at once, that is how many it carries deadly nuclear warheads with a maximum flight range of more than 9 thousand kilometers and individual guidance units. This is the first and main ship of the project 955 - "Borey". A submarine was built at the Severodvinsk Sevmash plant, and it joined the ranks of Russian nuclear submarines in 2008.

Borey

The history of the development of fourth-generation nuclear submarines was born in the design bureau Rubin (St. Petersburg) back in 1978. Project 955 Borey boats were to replace the outdated 941 Shark (Typhoon) and 667 Dolphin (Delta-IV) submarines. These Russian submarines (according to NATO classification - Borei) have up to 29 thousand tons of displacement, a length of 10 meters, dive to a depth of 400 meters at an underwater speed of 29 knots and are armed with the R-30 Bulava missile system developed by the Institute of Heat Engineering in Moscow.

The first ship "Borey" project 995

In 1995, the atomic submarine Saint Petersburg appeared on the list of the Russian Navy. Then the submarine changed its name in honor of the founder of Moscow, Yuri Dolgoruky, and under this name was laid in the slipway workshops of Sevmash on 11/02/1996 in the presence of the then mayor of Moscow, Yuri Luzhkov. The boat began a difficult journey towards launching. Interruptions in financing, the cessation of the supply of components from Ukraine fell to her share (special types of metal rolling for screws were made at the Zaporizhzhya Metallurgical Plant). But in June 2009, the submarine Yuri Dolgoruky set sail for sea trials. The ship cost more than 23 billion rubles, but time has shown that these costs are not in vain.

In the ranks

Captain Konstantin Mitkin sent a bottle of champagne aboard the submarine on January 10, 2013, and the boat became part of the 31st division of the Northern Navy with a base in the Gadzhievo garrison. And already in August 2015, the submarine spent two months under the ice cover of the Arctic on alert duty in the Arctic Ocean.

Housing Features

"Northwind" and today is largely secret. For a long time, even photos of the submarine "Yuri Dolgoruky" were not available to the public. This fourth-generation single-hull nuclear submarine has a cylindrical hull with 8 compartments:

• The first is torpedo, where the batteries and sonar equipment are located.
• The second is a team with a central post and living quarters.
• The third is combat, there are missile launcher posts.
• Fourth, fifth - directly rocket compartments.
• Sixth - here is a steam generating unit.
• The last two are power plants, where the nuclear reactor of the submarine and the turbine plant are located.

The robust housing is surrounded by a light shell, between which there are ballast tanks and fittings (two-hull structure). In addition, the body is covered with a special rubber compound. All equipment is installed on shock absorbers, each unit has its own shock absorption system. This reduces the noise level, increases buoyancy and makes it possible to work in Arctic latitudes.

Submarine "Yuri Dolgoruky": characteristics

For a better perception, we decided to put all the characteristics into a table, which you can see below.

Design features

Borey submarines have unique noise characteristics - they are five times quieter than all previous Russian boats. The movement of the submarine "Yuri Dolgoruky" is carried out by a single - shaft jet engine with high propulsive characteristics, which significantly reduces the degree of cavitation - the main producer of noise when moving a submarine. The control is carried out using two reclining thrusters and retractable bow horizontal rudders with flaps. The automated unified system "Okrug-55" ensures the coordinated operation of all ship equipment. The pop-up rescue chamber and five rafts KSU-600N-4 are designed to save the entire crew.

Hydroacoustics

The sonar complex "Irtysh-Amphora-B-055" in terms of range of action surpasses the analogues on boats "Virginia" of the US Navy. The complex consists of an antenna and the actual digital processing system. In addition there is a towing antenna and side antennas.

Bearing noise, echo direction finding, classification of targets, determination of ice thickness, search for mines and detection of torpedoes - all these are tasks performed by the sonar complex of the submarine "Yuri Dolgoruky". Keeping up to thirty targets at the same time and detecting the enemy at a distance of up to 230 kilometers is a common task for this submarine.

Power point

The fourth-generation nuclear reactor VM-5, operating on thermal neutrons, provides high-speed characteristics of the boat. In addition, there is an information management system for monitoring and monitoring the level of radiation. The energy component was added by a steam generating unit with a capacity of 190 MW, and the Azurit-90 turbine unit.

Friendly family "Boreev"

Today, the nuclear triad of the Russian Armed Forces includes three submarines of this class: the main submarine Yuri Dolgoruky K-535, serial K-550 Alexander Nevsky, K-551 Vladimir Monomakh. The project 955A boat is under construction: Prince Oleg, the Generalissimus Suvorov nuclear submarine, the Emperor Alexander III submarine, and the Prince Pozharsky submarine.