It is impossible to imagine a living room without a window, which is a conductor between the interior and exterior. These elements are made from different materials. But how wooden windows are made, and what types of them exist, read the article.
The advantages of wooden windows
Wooden windows have a number of advantages compared to other materials from which they can be made:
- They have an attractive appearance due to the structure of wood. They are in perfect harmony with the wooden furniture and doors installed in the room. Possess sophistication and high functional ability.
- The windows are breathing. Only wood has this ability. The tree regulates the healthy microclimate of the room in which the windows from it are installed. The wooden surface absorbs excess moisture, with its lack - gives. Air constantly circulates, even with the windows closed. Its update is due to the micropores of the tree.
- They have high durability, despite the vulnerability to fire or moisture. To improve the quality of wood, the manufacture of wooden windows is carried out using various impregnations and compositions that ensure their operation for a long time without losing their original appearance.
- Meet a high level of strength. The quality of the tree from which the production of wooden windows is planned is evaluated upon purchase. Most often, a three-layer glued beam is used, the minimum thickness of which is seventy millimeters. Such a beam prevents the deformation of the window and ensures its stability.
- They have low thermal conductivity due to the glued beam. Thermal conductivity largely depends on how much the process rules are followed.
- Eco-friendly and safe. Wood meets these conditions - a natural material that does not emit harmful substances.
- Easy to repair. The production of wooden windows compares favorably with reduced costs for restoration, repair and maintenance.
Russian windows
They have one separate part with one box and two glazed sashes. They are made of pine massif with a leaf thickness of four centimeters. The main drawback is deformation, since the shutters do not completely adjoin the window. Moisture from the street penetrates into the room, the windows fog up, condensation accumulates on the windowsill.
The manufacture of wooden windows is possible with double frames. They are equipped with unregulated hinges and handles, due to which there is no ventilation.
German windows
They are called European windows, as they are equipped with accessories of foreign manufacturers. These windows compare favorably with Russian. They can be adjusted in height and angle of the sash, ventilate. Differ in the presence of locking mechanisms.
Finnish windows
They have a wide box and two wings that open sequentially. The outer leaf is made of wood or aluminum, it has one simple glass, and the inner one with a single-chamber double-glazed window.
Both wings are interconnected. Open sequentially. Window frames and sashes are made of solid wood.
Aluminum wood windows
To extend the service life, wooden windows are studded with aluminum. The bearing part is also made of this metal, but only on the outside it is closed by wood. The design becomes more durable, and thanks to the tree, the appearance remains attractive. The production of wooden windows using aluminum is not common due to the high cost of metal and difficulty in installation.
Eurowindows
Consist of a box along the opening of the window and sash with a double-glazed window of various types, preventing heat loss. Easy to open, easy to clean.
Wooden eurowindows are made of glued beam. Its thickness allows the use of a sealant, with which the room is reliably protected from drafts. Eurowindows are durable, the service life is sixty years or more. With such windows the house is always warm.
The technology of manufacturing wooden windows
Exact observance of the sequence of work performed ensures the quality installation of windows. The sequence is as follows:
- Glued beam is prepared. Wood is cleared of bark, knots and cracks. Boards are sorted by color, species, structure and other parameters. Then they are impregnated with a protective composition and dried in chambers to eight to twelve percent of natural humidity. After drying, spikes and grooves of microscopic dimensions are cut to join the components. The finished timber is sent to a well-ventilated room for storage.
- Frames are made of glued beam, consisting of lamellas connected in three layers. The raw material is coniferous wood: larch, cedar, pine. Wooden windows, whose price is much higher, are made from valuable and more expensive types of wood: oak, eucalyptus. The shape of the frames depends on the configuration of the windows, which are standard, triangular, arched, trapezoidal.
- Glued beams are cut depending on the given sizes and sent for further work with it to the machine. Here, grooves and glazing beads for glasses are selected, so that they will not loosen. Accessories are carefully sanded. This provides protection against moisture inside. Then they proceed to complete the finished blanks using the angular technology for assembling euro-windows.
- Staining. This process takes place in a large bath with the addition of a primer, where the window is immersed. This is done repeatedly, but each primer coat must dry. After that, the product is painted with a coating or glazing composition of the desired color.
- Installation of all types of fittings. Its installation is carried out using milling and drilling machines. Accessories are imported.
- Glazing. For this work, the structure is laid on a horizontal surface. A double-glazed window is installed, fastened with glazing beads using a gun in which there are driven studs. Their ends are not visible on the surface, as they bite off and then grind. Seams are sealed with silicone. The price of wooden windows depends on the material of manufacture and the manufacturing company. From pine they are cheaper than from larch and oak. Windows of foreign companies are more expensive than domestic. Roughly prices start from 35-40 thousand with installation.
Equipment for the production of wooden windows
Hardware is designed to perform certain window manufacturing operations. Obtaining high-quality designs is possible with the non-stop and coordinated work of all machines, which for functional purposes are:
- Circular and miter saws. With their help, pre-processing of wood blanks is carried out.
- Jointing machine. Making wooden windows on it is the most dangerous, since knives rotate at high speed during operation, which do not have protective devices. On this machine, workpieces are aligned and right angles are made at the ends.
- Thicknessing machine. Here the workpieces are given a certain size. This is the safest unit, since all moving parts are protected by screens, covers or sheets.
- Milling machine. It is designed for processing workpieces with knives rotating at high speed. Observance of caution is the main principle of work on this machine. Spikes and eyelets are made here, connecting window sashes, a pattern and quarters, necessary for the installation of glasses or glass blocks.
- Loops or clamps. Here the workpieces are processed with adhesive compositions. After drying, the finished products are ground and prepared for painting using vibratory grinders.