The teenage time comes when the child crosses the border of ten to eleven years, and lasts until 15-16 years. The child in this period begins to perceive the world as an adult, to model the behavior of elders, to independently draw conclusions. The child has a personal opinion, he is looking for his place in society. Interest is growing in the inner world. A teenager knows how to set goals and achieve them.
In addition to psychological changes, physiological changes occur during the indicated period of time: the child grows rapidly, secondary sexual characteristics appear, the hormonal background changes, and so on.
Teenage problems
Teenagers have problems for various reasons. But the following internal conflicts can be taken as a basis:
- The desire to become an adult, while denying the value guidelines that adults live on.
- A sense of self in the center of the universe and the rejection of this from others.
- Puberty and fear of a new I.
- Attraction to adolescents of the opposite sex and inability to build relationships with peers.
As a result, it is difficult for a teenager to cope with new stormy emotions, and parents should always be ready in time to support the child or give advice. If, in adolescence, in addition to difficulties with changing the body, others, such as a low culture of parents, alcoholism in the family, parents' preoccupation with their own affairs or work, fall on him, such a person can fall into the category of โdifficultโ. For such there are boarding schools for difficult teenagers.
How is the educational process in boarding schools built?
Usually in special boarding schools for difficult teenagers there are children with big learning difficulties or those who have not broken the law for the first time. It is difficult to cope with special children, therefore, teachers with extensive experience, defectologists and psychologists carry out their activities in these educational institutions.
Often there are people with medical education in the staff of teachers. Iron discipline is the basis of boarding for difficult teenagers. The main goal is to return the child to a normal worldview and life.
First, the level of knowledge and intellectual abilities of the pupils is checked. Verification takes place in the form of testing. If, based on its results, a developmental delay is revealed, even a primary school program can teach a boy or girl.
The behavior of difficult adolescents is based on a violation of psychological development, so students from a boarding school for difficult children constantly communicate with a psychologist. Such conversations take place individually. As a result, the specialist is trying to find the basis - the reason for this behavior of the pupil.
In a boarding school for difficult teenagers, all children are constantly under the supervision of a teacher, and on Saturday and Sunday they have the right to go to their parents, although some remain on the weekend.
Closed and open boarding schools
The named institutions are open and closed. The first of them are similar to cadet corps or Suvorov schools. There is discipline and a daily routine, but children study according to the standard school curriculum (of course, adjusted for mental abilities), and on weekends they can go to their parents. In closed same boarding schools, everything is much more serious - there are checkpoints, walking in the ranks, and regular classes with a psychologist. Some students in such institutions do not get home for the weekend, but parents can visit them in the boarding school.
Reasons to send a teenager to a boarding school for difficult children
The reasons for sending a child to a special school are as follows:
- commission of a crime if the age does not correspond to the onset of criminal liability;
- age corresponds to criminal liability, but the child lags behind in mental development;
- the teenager is convicted under articles providing for a moderate crime, but is released from punishment under the relevant articles of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.
The Juvenile Affairs Commission is petitioning the court to send the offender to a special boarding school for difficult teenagers. Before considering a case in court, a minor is subjected to a medical examination and referred to a psychiatrist. If parents do not agree to these measures, all procedures are carried out by court order.
Temporary detention centers
Before a court hearing, a child can be sent to a temporary detention center for up to 30 days. This happens in cases:
- when should the teenager's life or health be protected;
- a repeated socially dangerous act must be prevented;
- if the child has nowhere to live;
- the offender avoids appearing in court or does not undergo a medical examination.
Boarding schools in St. Petersburg and Moscow
The most famous boarding school for difficult teenagers (St. Petersburg) is school No. 1 of the closed type. The institution has its history since 1965. It is located on Akkuratova street in house number 11. This is a closed boarding school for difficult teenagers, which means that children come here by court order. There is iron discipline, movement around the perimeter and checkpoints at the entrance.
There is a boarding school for difficult teenagers in Moscow. Institution number 9 is located on Boris Zhigulenkov Street in Building 15, Building 1. Unlike St. Petersburg, this boarding school is open. Children with deviant behavior can also get here by the decision of their parents or the recommendation of a special commission. The rules here are not as stringent as in closed institutions.
Are difficult teenagers amenable to re-education?
I must say that the problems for each difficult teenager are different. It happens that it takes only one month to teach a child to be responsible for his actions, but it happens that a teenager needs six months to adapt. Much depends on what psychological problems a young man or girl is currently experiencing.
Now teachers are arguing about whether the results of working in boarding schools for difficult teenagers. Currently, about seventy percent of students in such institutions significantly improve their knowledge of school subjects. In addition, in such institutions, pupils not only study, but also stay the rest of the time. Thus, problem children create a new circle of communication and socialize more successfully in society.
What should parents of difficult teenagers pay attention to?
During adolescence, children defend their independence. This phenomenon affects the child, and it seems that he behaves strangely and unpredictably. Be that as it may, this condition is considered absolutely normal and characterizes the transitional age.
Parents of difficult children often face other challenges. A boy or girl has emotional and psychological problems, difficulties in learning. A troubled teenager often commits wrongful acts, unreasonably risky actions. Depression, anxiety may appear.
There are signs showing that your child is difficult. They are listed below:
- Change in appearance. Unjustified weight gain or loss, self-harm.
- Frequent quarrels, fights, complaints.
- Poor academic performance, sleep disturbances, depression, suicidal thoughts.
- The use of drugs, alcohol.
- A sharp change in the circle of friends, refusal to follow certain rules, lies, and so on.
The presence of problems in a teenager is the first signal that you need to establish contact with him. Your son or daughter should feel support, understand that his parents love and accept him in any case. It is important to find common topics for conversation, to encourage sports, to restrict watching TV and computer exercises. Give your child advice, listen to him, do not show aggression. If you do not succeed, contact a specialist for help.