People move from city to city, from one locality to another. And this is normal, since the migration process is natural and constant in any country and any society. It cannot be stopped, it can only be limited to some extent (of course, within the framework of the law). The reasons for these maneuvers (“resettlement of peoples”) can be completely different:
- personal motives of each individual citizen;
- state interests (e.g. security or defense);
- job-related movements;
- desire to arrange your family life;
- climatic conditions and others.
In Russia, such a federal executive body as the FMS (Federal Migration Service), and exercises control, as well as supervision and provision of public services in the field of migration. But already the structure of the central apparatus of this body includes the FMS (decoding of the abbreviation - Office of the Federal Migration Service).
Who submits to the FMS
For more than 12 years - since 2004 - the FMS has been completely subordinate to the Government of Russia. But on April 5, 2016 everything "returned to square one." Namely, in accordance with the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin, the FMS again became subordinate to the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.
On a note! FMS employees (their staff has been reduced by 30%) who have passed certification are personnel officers of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, who are assigned certain ranks as they progress through the service. Other employees of this executive body are civil servants working in government agencies.
The history of the formation of the FMS of Russia
1993 is considered the year of the establishment of a separate FMS structure. It was then that this service appeared in accordance with the Decree of the Council of Ministers. True, in 2000 the FMS was abolished (there were various objective reasons for this), and all its functions were transferred to the Minnats (Ministry of the Russian Federation for Nationalities and Regional Policy).
But time passed, and migration began to take on an uncontrollable character, and this, in turn, negatively affected the situation in the country, which was becoming more and more criminal. It was then that the government (in February 2002) made an important decision so that the FMS (decryption is already known to you) became a component of such a structure as the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.
A similar situation lasted for two years. In 2004, the FMS of the Russian Federation received the status of an independent unit. In accordance with the Decree of the President of Russia No. 928, he was in charge of passport-visa and migration issues. The government document identified:
- the size of the new executive authority;
- its structure, including the number of UFMS (decoding see above);
- main functions and powers assigned to it.
Structure
At the head of such a structure as the FMS of the Russian Federation is a director who, incidentally, bears personal responsibility for all decisions made by the Service. Only the president of the country has the right to appoint or dismiss a person (by the way, represented by the chairman of the government) to this position.
Six assistants assist the director in his work. The total number of staff of the migration service is about 18,000 people: about 12,000 are staff members of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, 3,500 are civil servants, and 2,500 are other employees.
The central apparatus of the migration service includes eleven FMS (the decryption is already known to you) and several centers.
The main activities of the FMS
In total there are 11 departments that deal with the following issues:
- control of migration flows;
- citizenship;
- organization of registration and visa activities;
- passport service and registration of citizens;
- work migration;
- cooperation on the world stage;
- legal support;
- crisis management;
- financial and economic support;
- analysis and organization;
- paperwork.
Matters administered by the centers
In addition to the FMS of Russia (see decoding above), the executive body includes three centers:
- Passport and visa. Owns a large information base.
- For citizens of the Russian Federation who have questions regarding visas and passport regime.
- Center dealing with issues of registration of invitations that come from citizens from other countries.
FMS Functions
The FMS (decryption above) is entrusted with:
- Proper registration and, of course, the issuance of documents such as civil and foreign passports.
- Record keeping concerning the citizenship of Russia.
- Registration actions for registering citizens of the Russian Federation depending on the place of residence (or stay) within the borders of the country, as well as monitoring strict adherence to all the rules of registration and deregistration.
- Registration according to all the rules and the issuance of documents allowing citizens from other countries (as well as persons without any citizenship) to enter the territory of Russia; live in the country for a certain time; and overseeing and monitoring how those who adhere comply with the rules of migration, residence and stay.
- Prevention and suppression of illegal migration (in conjunction with other government agencies). It is expressed in the control of labor migrants, as well as in attracting foreigners to Russia as a workforce and employment of Russian citizens outside the country.
- Department of TP UFMS (transcript - territorial division of the Office of the Federal Migration Service).
- Monitoring compliance with the RF Labor Code with regard to refugees and displaced persons (forced).
- Resolving asylum (political) issues for citizens from other countries.
- The implementation of other additional functions that are directly within the scope of the structure. Naturally, if they do not contradict the Presidential Decrees, government decrees, and legislative acts.
FMS financing
The issue of financing is always very important. The activity of one or another structure as a whole sometimes depends on how competently it is resolved. So, the financing of all expenses associated with the operation of the head office of such a Russian service as the migration service, and all the FMS (the decoding is presented above), is included in the federal budget of the country.