In the market of climatic equipment, chillers are in special demand. They are refrigerators, the main task of which is maintaining the microclimate. The equipment is vapor compression and is installed in rooms for various purposes. The air during the operation of the devices is cooled, filtered and heated.
Which devices are the most popular
Devices can be included in the basic configuration of modern air conditioning systems. Technologies allow to produce two types of chillers, in which the work with the condenser is carried out using water or air. These two methods are in demand quite widely. But air-cooled devices are the most popular, due to the lack of need for a coolant. In order to install such a unit, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the technology of the work.
Main stages
Installation of the chiller is a rather complicated type of work that requires a special approach and high qualification. The efficiency of the air conditioning system and the duration of its operation will depend on the correct installation. Considering the main stages, we can distinguish the design of the system, determining the installation location, as well as calculating the load on the structure.
The next step is to prepare the support frame or base. The installation instructions for the MTA AS299 N chiller, like any other brand of devices, provide for rigging and installation of the unit itself. The system is connected to the coolant, as well as the power supply network.
Before starting
The final stage is commissioning, then commissioning is carried out. When designing, calculations of heat input and coolant flow are carried out. These data allow you to choose a car and its performance. After approving the type of chiller, you should determine the installation location and prepare it correctly.
The main types of design - indoor unit and monoblock devices for outdoor installation. Internal equipment may include a water-cooled or remote condenser. If you have to work with a one-piece chiller, then a support frame is made for it, which must have a certain height. It protects equipment from precipitation and evenly distributes the load on the structure. The support must be performed in compliance with all the rules, because noises and abnormal vibrations may appear.
Base work and connection
Installation of the chiller, which will be located inside, involves the organization of the site. Refrigerators operate with a significant level of sound pressure, so you should not place them near office or residential premises. It is important to choose and correctly install vibration mounts that will reduce the level of vibration transmitted to building structures.
One of the most critical steps is to connect the equipment to the coolant and power supply. In order to ensure the normal operation of the system, you must follow the installation recommendations and understand which components should be in the hydraulic harness.
Elements for installation
Installation of the chiller is accompanied by the use of some elements. Align the bypass and filter with shut-off valve in the direction of flow. This measure will prevent the heat exchanger from becoming contaminated when flushing the system, otherwise you may encounter equipment failure.
You will also need a balancing valve, which will be located at the outlet of the evaporator. It is required to adjust the flow of water and bring the values to standards. Shut-off valves will be located at the outlet and inlet of the chiller. If the system is depressurized, then you will have to drain the coolant.
You should take care of the availability of automatic air vents, they must be mounted at the top of the system. Installation of the absorption chiller is carried out in several stages. One of them is the installation of thermometers and manometers before and after the described equipment. This will allow you to monitor the temperature and degree of contamination of the heat exchanger.
A filter is installed in front of the pump. It should be facing in the direction of movement of the coolant. This eliminates mechanical damage in the area of the impeller of the pump. The emergency valve and damper expansion tank must be in front of the pump. This will eliminate the increase and drop in pressure at the inlet to the pump.
More about choosing a placement
The installation instructions for the chiller are included with the equipment. After reading it, you can find out that you can place the device at ground level or on the roof, but in these cases, you must ensure that there is space for ventilation. The unit must be located taking into account the requirements for vibration and noise.
The device should be protected from ultraviolet radiation by placing it away from chimneys. It must not be exposed to atmospheric air, which could cause corrosion of the condenser coils and copper tubes. If unauthorized persons can access the chiller, measures should be taken to limit it. For this, protective devices are used.
The chiller is mounted on a base with a height of 300 mm or more. It is important to ensure that there are drainage channels that will remove water and deal with leaks. When the unit is located at ground level, the base must be mounted on a concrete foundation, which is laid below the freezing line of the soil. The base must not come into contact with the foundation of the building to prevent vibration and noise.
When installing the bases, it is necessary to ensure the presence of holes that will allow fastening to the foundation. When mounted on a roof, the latter must support the weight of the chiller and maintenance personnel. The device may rest on a base or steel frame.
The steel channel should be located in accordance with the mounting holes of the shock absorber. The channel should have a width that will be enough to mount the shock absorber. When installing the chiller, it is important to eliminate obstacles to the connection of water pipes and wires. There should be no heat sources, steam, harmful gases or noise at the water inlet. Hot and cold air from equipment must not affect the environment.
The need for additional space around the equipment
During installation work, technological features and requirements should be taken into account. For example, the volume for installation should not be limited by the dimensions of the machine, it should include additional parameters, among them the space:
- for air intake and exhaust;
- for access and maintenance;
- to replace parts.
As for the first recommendation, it is true for air-cooled chillers that require air intake and exhaust to operate. There are also safety standards, they dictate the rules under which space for maintenance and access should be taken into account.
No matter how high-quality the equipment, the probability at which the device may fail should be taken into account. In this regard, space should be left for replacement of parts and repairs; it may be required for compressors and shell-and-tube heat exchangers.
Connection of fan coil and chiller
Installation of chillers and fan coils allows you to achieve coordinated operation of the system. The work involves the use of pipelines with thermal insulation. If there is no insulation, then the efficiency of the system will drop significantly. Fancoils have individual binding units, with which you can adjust the performance in relation to heat and cold.
Refrigerant consumption is regulated by special valves. If it is necessary to separate the coolant and the cold agent, the water should be heated in a separate heat exchanger. The circuit is complemented by a circulation pump. For smooth adjustment of the fluid flow during the installation of the strapping scheme, a three-way valve should be used.
If the building has a two-pipe system, then heating and cooling will occur due to the chiller. In order to make heating work more efficient, fan coil units are connected in the cold season and are supplemented by boilers. If we compare a two-pipe system with a heat exchanger with a four-pipe system, then the two mentioned nodes are included in the latter. In this case, Fancoil works for heating and cooling, using in the first case the liquid that circulates in the heat exchanger system.
If you decide to install a chiller and fan coil in the building, you can install the cooling system in Moscow. The cost of such work will be mentioned below. Speaking of the above, it can be noted that one of the heat exchangers during installation is connected to a pipeline with a refrigerant, while the second is connected to a pipe with a coolant. The heat exchanger must have an individual valve, which is controlled by the remote control. If a similar scheme is used, the refrigerant does not move with the coolant.
Finally
Installation of chillers in Kaliningrad can be done with the help of specialists. Prices in Russia are about the same everywhere. The final cost will depend on the capacity of the equipment. If it does not exceed 100 kW, then you will have to pay 16,000 rubles. With the increase of the mentioned parameter to 250 kW, the price increases by 50 rubles. for every kilowatt. By purchasing a fan coil whose power does not exceed 6 kW, you will pay 2900 rubles for its installation.