Socialism is a broad socio-political movement, which includes numerous groups, movements and parties. It is positioned as a means of resolving social conflicts. Is it so? What are the main principles of socialism that contribute to this goal?
general information
The very term “socialism” itself was first used somewhere in the early 1830s. It means a combination of various left-wing currents that seek to reform the human community in such a way that the most favorable conditions for the comprehensive improvement of both individuals and the whole society are provided. Although it is generally accepted that this idea originates from the sixteenth century. Indeed, it was then that Tomaso Companella and Thomas More wrote the first social utopias. Although in practice they began to be translated into reality only at the beginning of the nineteenth century. Then socialism was a kind of reaction to the growth of social contradictions as a result of the establishment of bourgeois social relations. He then reflected the discontent expressed by the proletarian class regarding the results of industrial development.
Historical development
How were the main principles of socialism formed? In what conditions? A characteristic feature of early capitalism is the randomness and ruin of millions of people, as a result of which there has been a surge in mass poverty, and the polarization of society has intensified. In the nineteenth century,
liberal ideology could not offer a real way to eliminate or at least mitigate existing contradictions. Initially, the concept of socialism was not built on a specific constructive ideal and its description, but on the exposure of the current state of affairs. The then representatives of this direction reflected the views of that part of society, which believed that the interests of the individual and society should be harmonized. The result of this was the requirement to create conditions under which they can worthily exist and develop. Then the main principles of socialism were formed.
Features
Socialism acts as an alternative to the development of civilization. Most supporters of this trend are adherents of peaceful and non-violent methods of improving society, which have the main hopes for educating and convincing the broad masses. The basic principles of socialism are based precisely on the fact that people will make a decision in favor of this path of development consciously, relying on their worldly experience. Education can greatly help in this. Despite the presence of characteristic features, the social trends of the 19th century can be easily reduced to a single denominator, highlighting the main ideas and principles that bring them together. So, then the attention was riveted on the link individual - society. Considerable attention was paid to where is the feature of the influence of society on man. As well as the problem of oppression by the narrow elite of most people. Therefore, demands were made that there was no superiority of a particular class. This principle of socialism and communism is one of the most demanded in the modern world.
Forward movement
Some principles of the existence of the world socialist system and the overcoming of class division can be overcome only by eliminating the state as an organ of violence. Thus, people who profess this point of view believe that a person initially needs freedom from exploitation. And the economic and political aspects, as well as the right to choose - these are all secondary and ensuing provisions. In this, mainly they disagree with the adherents of the liberal vector of development.
Creating the perfect society
You have already received quite a lot of information. And the 4 principles of the existence of the world socialist system can already be interpreted without distortion. But for a better understanding, we will dwell on them in more detail in the future. So, the main principles of socialism:
- Destruction of private property.
- The elimination of the family.
- The destruction of religion.
- Equality.
No matter how strange it sounds, but these are the basic principles of the model of Swedish socialism. Looking at the current state of affairs in Sweden, one can try to argue with this statement. But here, implementation features come to the fore. Let's look at it in more detail.
Destruction of private property
The most famous supporters of this principle are Marx and Engels. So, in the “Communist Manifesto” the statement was expressed that this alone is enough to express the essence of the whole theoretical basis. This position is present in all socialist doctrines and states that use them (to one degree or another). But for completeness, let us inform you that it is considered not only from a negative point of view (as many people think), but also from a positive one. So, you can often come across a declaration of community of property. Examples include lakes, schools, kindergartens, and so on. It should be noted once again that the principles of socialism were developed in the 19th century, so one should not be surprised at certain features of this type of state organization. This is especially true for the next section of the article.
Family destruction
This item is present in most socialist teachings. True, the radicalism of this statement is not extreme. Essentially speaking, this principle is aimed at reducing the role of the family and relations between its members, as well as transferring some functions to other institutions of society. An example is the community of wives, the destruction of the bond between children and parents, or simply the transformation of a cell of society into a bureaucratic component of the state. In order not to be surprised, it should be understood that the principles of the existence of the world socialist system were developed by "fanatics", and in practice their implementation is not currently possible.
The destruction of religion
This principle can be observed, with few exceptions, in all modern teachings and doctrines of states. Moreover, the destruction of religion does not imply a set of actions in the style of the Bolsheviks of the time of Trotsky, but the gradual crowding out of religion from all spheres of public life. Alternatively, you can turn to the countries of the Scandinavian group. They have low religiosity and a high standard of living. Moreover, the latter is considered as one of the most important tools to achieve the goal. Existing models provide for the gradual and peaceful displacement of religion from public life as an unnecessary component. This principle of methodological socialism began to take shape in the seventeenth century, and its improvement continues in our time.
Equality (community)
The demand for such a phenomenon in public life can be found in almost any socialist doctrine. It can be expressed as a desire and desire to destroy the existing hierarchy of society and abolish all existing privileges. Often, at the same time, hostility to culture can also be observed due to the fact that it causes intellectual and spiritual inequality. Moreover, in this case, the doctrines require its destruction due to the fact that it creates such an unevenness in society. It should be noted that this principle was developed a long time ago - so, Plato adhered to a similar point of view. Now it is used by various modern leftist movements, which consider the culture as suffocating and repressive.
Conclusion
This is not the whole theoretical basis on which the corresponding teachings are built. So, many probably heard about this principle of socialism:
from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs. This postulate can be found in many doctrines and doctrines that do not provide for radical changes and are rationalistic in changing society. But this point of view has one drawback: according to it, people will act consciously and voluntarily. That is, everyone will work, as long as they have enough strength, for the benefit of the whole society, and, therefore, for himself. The same can be said about the considered basic principles of socialism. Even the Scandinavian countries, which are considered the most advanced in this direction, cannot boast of the full implementation of at least one provision. Although earlier, in the section on religion, it was mentioned that the Swedes were able to achieve very good results. But they are still far from the final embodiment of such ideals.