Most people do not know what kind of doctors there are besides those to whom you can make an appointment in a regular clinic. In fact, there are a huge number of rather rare medical specialties that require higher education.
Common professions
There are several basic, well-known to all professional areas. They are most often received by those young doctors who have just graduated from a medical university and internship. Thanks to this, even doctors know what doctors are. The main ones are:
- general practitioner;
- surgeon;
- neurologist;
- gynecologist;
- cardiologist;
- endocrinologist;
- pediatrician.
No less often are in demand:
- otolaryngologist;
- ophthalmologist;
- dermatologist;
- gastroenterologist;
- pulmonologist.
We must not forget that such specialists may be needed:
- dentist;
- oncologist;
- radiologist;
- urologist;
- nephrologist.
The work of these professionals is the basis for the functioning of the entire medical industry. They are most often directly involved in treating patients.
Doctors of the "second" line
Patients often find out what doctors are, also in those cases when they become ill with a relatively rare pathology. In this situation, as a rule, doctors who do not belong to the primary link of medicine are taken for work. The main ones are:
- hematologists;
- immunologists;
- allergists;
- hepatologists;
- vascular surgeons;
- rehabilitation doctors;
- infectious disease specialists;
- nephrologists;
- orthopedists;
- TB doctors;
- valeologists;
- psychiatrists;
- psychotherapists;
- traumatologists;
- doctors of functional diagnostics.
Such specialists also have direct contact with patients. Thanks to them, it is possible to treat rather rare diseases that primary doctors do not manage to cope with.
Narrow specialties
With the development of medicine, its ever new branches gradually appear. Accordingly, those professions that did not exist before arise. The most interesting in this regard are the following specialties:
- epileptologist;
- mycologist;
- vertebrologist;
- an audiologist;
- radiologist;
- reproductologist;
- cosmetologist;
- geneticist;
- nutritionist.
Such specialists work in a very narrow direction. Their task often does not even imply the direct treatment of certain diseases. It consists in the restoration of the patient after their occurrence or after the end of the pathological process.
About Sanitary Doctors
The main areas in which students can study at medical universities are:
- Therapeutic.
- Diagnostic
- Sanitary.
Doctors of the first two specialties work in various medical institutions. At the same time, the sanitary doctor carries out a completely different activity. The main section of his work is monitoring compliance with sanitary and hygienic norms and rules in a wide variety of institutions, including medical ones.
In addition, this doctor is engaged in analytical activities, with the aim of early detection and effective counteraction to various epidemiological outbreaks of certain diseases. That is, in his competence is the prevention of socially significant ailments at the level of an administrative unit.
About Veterinarians
Practically every person who has a pet knows about what doctors are, in addition to those that treat people. After all, pets are also susceptible to disease. In this case, a veterinarian comes to the rescue , who is engaged in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases in animals.
A doctor of this specialty, in addition to various veterinary clinics, can work in agricultural enterprises. Here he monitors the health of farm animals. The work of such a specialist is extremely important, because he is responsible for the prevention of epidemics among livestock, the correct weight gain, the rate of increase in livestock, and even for the quality of the products obtained thanks to him (milk, eggs, meat, skins, wool, etc.).
Administrative posts
In addition to attending specialists, such as a general practitioner or surgeon, there are other doctors. They manage healthcare organizations, plan their activities and determine the general direction of development of this industry.
Such work is crucial. The price of a mistake made by a dentist or an operating surgeon can be several times lower (despite all the possible tragedy) than what happens to the minister or the head of the regional health department.
Among the administrative posts, the most common are the following:
- head physician;
- Deputies of the chief physician (for the medical part, for the Ministry of Health and Development, for outpatient care and others);
- head of the clinic;
- Heads of departments and structural divisions.
All these doctors usually do not directly treat and manage patients. At the same time, they often come in contact with them no less than the attending physician. This is due to the fact that the duties of the administration include the analysis and resolution of conflicts, as well as any controversial situations that arise between doctors and patients or their relatives. In addition, the administrative position obliges the doctor to contact the leadership of other departments and industries to solve social problems in which medical workers are involved.
Administrators are often not graduated from medical universities. They can only become in the process of their labor activity. At the same time, in postgraduate education institutions there are a number of primary retraining courses for administrative positions. Usually, doctors are sent to them after their appointment, and not before it.