Transport is a means of increased danger, so the rules for transporting children should be carefully and strictly observed. Their life and health depend on this, and for each parent the safety of the child comes first.
New rules for transporting children appear every year; requirements are being tightened. The topic of safe traffic is becoming increasingly relevant with the increasing number of vehicles and, unfortunately, with the growth of road traffic accidents involving children.
Established vehicle belts are reliable protection only for passengers whose height is above 150 cm, that is, they do not guarantee safety for babies. In practice, car seats reduce the risk of injuries during the movement of babies up to 3 years old by 80%, children under 10 years old - by 50%.
In order to avoid tragedies, responsible adults should know the traffic rules, the rules for transporting children and comply with them.
Child in car
Before putting the child in the car, the driver must familiarize himself with the rules for transporting children:
- Toddlers under 7 years old are transported in a vehicle only with the use of a special restraint device selected in accordance with age and weight. Transportation is possible in the rear passenger seats of the vehicle (car, gazelle, freight transport) and in the front using a car seat.
- Children from 7 to 12 years old can be transported in the back seats of cars and trucks without car seats, fastening the child with seat belts or using the ISOFIX system is mandatory.
- The passage of minors 7-12 years old in the front passenger seat of vehicles is allowed only with the use of special restraint devices.
- When transporting a child in the front seat, the airbag must be deactivated.
- For passengers over 12 years old, the rules for adult passengers apply.
- Children under 7 years old are not allowed to leave alone in the car if parking lasts more than 5 minutes and children are left unattended by adults.
- No children are allowed in the rear seat of the motorcycle. Passengers of such transport can be persons over 12 years old.
- When transporting children by car taxi services, the same rules apply, therefore, when ordering a car, you need to inform the dispatcher about the number of children and their age.
Features of the transportation of the newborn
The rules for transporting children in a car have a number of distinctive features for infants up to one year old. In this tender and fragile age, babies need special care:
- special car seat required;
- it is forbidden to use the cradle as a holding device from a stroller, which is not intended for transportation in a car and does not provide safety;
- it is forbidden to carry babies in their arms: with a sharp blow, the child can fly out into the windshield, and there is a high risk that the adult will injure the child with its own weight;
- the car seat is set against movement, in violation of this rule and with sudden braking, serious injuries to the childās neck can occur;
- It is recommended to install a baby carrier with a baby behind the driver's seat, the safest place.
Safety is never superfluous. Remember that following simple rules for transporting children in a car can save the childās health and life in the event of an accident.
Varieties of restraints
Rules for transporting children imply the use of special devices.
Child restraints (DUUs) are a system of regulating, restraining mechanisms and locking parts that attach to the seats of a car. DUU includes a car seat for newborns, a baby car seat, a booster - additional seat, adapters (correctors, overlays for belts).
The latter are used if there are diagonal seat belts in the car. The products are used for transporting children in the rear and front seats aged 3 to 7 years, weighing 15-25 kg.
A booster is a backless chair that raises a child to the level of fastening a regular belt so that it is at chest level. It carries children 7-12 years old, weighing 22-36 kg. Some models are designed for children from 15 kg and older than 3 years.
The rules of the road do not indicate the age of the child starting from which transportation in front is permissible. A child restraint system suitable for age and weight is required to comply with traffic rules.
Rules for the organized transportation of children by buses
What could be better than group trips for schoolchildren on excursions, competitions, olympiads and competitions? Such trips were always organized, but too often ended in tragic accidents that could have been avoided.
In order to ensure safety and eliminate the possibility of āaccidental personsā in this matter, since 2013 special rules have been introduced for transporting children on buses, which regulate the safety requirements for transport, driver and escort.
According to the law, an organized trip of a group of children is transportation on a bus, which is not a route vehicle of a group of more than 8 people, carried out without their legal representatives (with the exception of a number of cases).
The rules for transporting children on a bus include:
- Landing rules.
- Availability of necessary documentation.
- Compliance with the requirements of the driver.
- Implementation of requirements for accompanying persons.
- Escort of the group by representatives of law enforcement agencies.
Under the new rules for the transportation of children, which entered into force in July 2017, it is prohibited to transport children under 7 years of age if the duration of the trip is more than 4 hours. Group trips of children at night from 23:00 to 6:00 are allowed only to or from the airport buildings and railway stations. The distance of night trips should not be more than 50 km.
Organized trips for children lasting more than 3 hours in intercity buses are accompanied by a medical professional. The vehicle must contain bottled water and food.
Driver requirements
To comply with the rules of transportation of groups of children and ensure maximum traffic safety conditions, drivers are allowed that meet the following requirements:
- Work experience as a driver of category "D" for more than one year.
- The absence of offenses involving the deprivation of a driverās license for the last year.
- Pre-flight briefing in accordance with established burrows.
- Passing a medical examination before the flight in the prescribed manner.
- Transportation license.
Transport requirements
In 2017, adjustments to traffic rules appeared that govern the rules for transporting children on buses and a list of requirements for a vehicle:
- Vehicles must be under 10 years old.
- The bus must meet the technical requirements for designation and design.
- Mandatory availability of a document indicating the serviceability of the vehicle.
- The GLONASS satellite system must be installed.
- A tachograph is required to control the driverās rest mode and the speed of the bus.
In addition, school buses must be yellow in color and labeled accordingly.
The planned changes in the rules for transporting children from July 2018 will introduce additional security measures. In particular, for school buses, warning lights and reflective elements will become mandatory .
Travel Documents
To carry out organized transportation in accordance with the SDA and the rules for transporting children, the following documents are required:
- list of children;
- permission to transport (copy);
- a boarding document stating the seat of each passenger;
- traffic police notice or a copy of the application for escort;
- Signed agreement with a transport company;
- melon accompanying persons (name, passport data, phone number);
- with a trip duration of more than 12 hours, an escort agreement with a medical professional;
- driver data (personal data, contacts, driverās license);
- list of products on board;
- route program.
When planning a route, the time of movement and stops with the indication of places of visit is taken into account.
Special Services
If the transportation of children is carried out by three or more buses, then a car inspection is mandatory. The driver must have the original movement permit from an authorized representative of the traffic police.
To obtain such permission, not later than two days before the trip to the department of the State traffic inspectorate, a notification in the prescribed form is submitted. The driver should also have a copy of this notice with a mark on receipt of the traffic police.
Additional Rules
To ensure safety measures during organized transportation, it is also necessary to observe a number of rules regarding the pick-up and drop-off of children:
- Organized gathering of children at a distance of 15 meters from boarding the bus.
- Reconciliation of those present in accordance with the list.
- Organized loading of luggage, checking the contents and sizes of hand luggage.
- Instruction of children on the rules of conduct in transport during movement and during stops, the procedure for boarding and disembarking, on behavior in cases of deterioration of health and emergency situations.
- Monitoring the behavior, nutrition and well-being of children.
- Control and coordination of the route.
Compliance with the rules for transporting children is an important component of safety. This is not the case when vigilance is excessive, and any reinsurance here does not hurt. Knowledge and strict observance of the rules preserve life and health.