UMK is a complex of educational, methodological, regulatory documentation, means of control and training, which are necessary to ensure the high-quality implementation of basic and additional programs.
After the development of the educational-methodical complex, it is tested in educational activities. If necessary, adjustments are made to the CMF FSES.
Components
Among the components of the educational complex distinguish:
- logical presentation of the material of the educational program;
- the use of modern methods and technical devices that allow students to fully absorb the educational material, to develop practical skills;
- compliance with scientific information in a specific field;
- communication between different subject disciplines;
- ease of use by students and teachers.
UMK is a ready-made complex of manuals and notebooks that a modern teacher uses in his professional activities.
Currently, in our country there are two training systems: developmental and traditional.
Classic options
Traditional school curriculum:
- "Planet of knowledge."
- "School of Russia."
- "Perspective."
- "School 2000".
- "Elementary school of the 21st century."
Educational options
For example, the school program of DB Elkonina and L.V. Zankova is a typical example of developing learning. These materials became popular in elementary school after the federal educational standards of a new generation were introduced into domestic education.
"School of Russia"
Let us analyze some of the options for teaching materials. The elementary school in the traditional program uses the complex edited by A. Pleshakov (Enlightenment Publishing House).
The author emphasizes that his system is designed for Russia. The main purpose of this teaching is the development of students' cognitive interest in the historical and cultural roots of their people. The program involves a thorough development of the skills of the main educational activities: writing, counting, reading. Only with their constant refinement and improvement can we count on the success of the child in the middle level of education.
The course of V. G. Goretsky, L. A. Vinogradova is aimed at the development of communication skills and literacy. This CMC is a kit that meets all modern requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard in elementary school.
In the process of teaching children to read and write, the teacher focuses on improving phonetic hearing, teaching writing and reading, increasing and concretizing the students' perceptions of surrounding reality. For example, the teaching materials manual for the Russian language consists of the “Russian alphabet” and two types of words:
- Prescription of N. A. Fedosova and V. G. Goretsky;
- “Miracle-prescription” by V. A. Ilyukhina.
As the distinguishing characteristics of these manuals, we note not only the possibility of forming calligraphic, literate writing skills, but also their correction at various stages of training and in different age categories.
Math complex
In order to develop the cognitive abilities of children of primary school age, changes were made to the teaching materials in mathematics. Substantially modernized the theme of tasks, introduced geometric material. In addition, tasks appeared that allow developing logical thinking and creative imagination of children.
Essential importance is given to the analysis, comparison, juxtaposition and opposition of concepts, the search for differences and similarities in the analyzed facts. The kit includes textbooks and books of the new generation, which fully meet the requirements of the standards of the second generation.
Editions of the UMK "School of Russia" is engaged in the publishing house "Enlightenment". As part of this set of books, Goretsky, Pleshakov, Moreau and other authors:
- ABC;
- Russian language;
- literary reading;
- English language;
- German;
- mathematics;
- the world;
- Informatics;
- the foundations of the spiritual and moral cultures of the peoples of Russia;
- music;
- art;
- physical education;
- technology.
UMK “Perspective” edited by L. F. Klimanova
This educational-methodical complex has been produced since 2006. It consists of textbooks in the following disciplines:
- Russian language;
- literacy;
- mathematics;
- technology;
- the world;
- literary reading.
This CMD was created on a conceptual basis that reflects all modern achievements in the field of pedagogy and psychology. At the same time, communication with the classical Russian school education has been maintained. CMD guarantees the availability of knowledge and the complete assimilation of program material, promotes the comprehensive development of primary school students, and fully takes into account the age characteristics of children, their needs and interests.
Special attention in the educational complex “Perspective” is given to the formation of moral and spiritual values, to familiarize the younger generation with the cultural and historical heritage of Russia and other countries of the world. In the textbooks, children are offered assignments for group, pair and independent work, for project activities.
There are materials that can be used for extracurricular and extracurricular activities.
UMK has developed a convenient navigation system for parents, students and teachers, which helps to work with the proposed information, organize the sequence of actions, plan independent homework, and form skills of self-development and self-improvement.
Literacy education has a spiritual, moral and communicative-cognitive orientation. The main goal of the course is to develop writing, reading, and speech skills. Particular attention is paid to the development of communicative skills.
Conclusion
To increase the effectiveness of the new teaching system, its developers selected material in accordance with the characteristics of the cognitive interests of primary school students. That is why there are so many entertaining and game exercises in the books, different communicative-speech situations are presented.
Innovative educational-methodical complexes developed for elementary school fully contribute to the fulfillment by teachers of the tasks assigned to them by society.
Russian teachers, armed with modern technical means, visual aids, sets of textbooks, collections of assignments and exercises, carry out systematic work to form a harmoniously developed personality who will not have problems with socialization.
Special educational and methodological complexes within the framework of new generation federal standards are developed for each academic discipline studied at the middle and senior levels of education. Their developers took into account not only the age characteristics of students, but also the new achievements of science.