What is a crime? Crime, misconduct , offense, misconduct - all this is a committed socially dangerous act, which is prohibited by the current Criminal Code, for which a punishment is prescribed. It is expressed in two forms: the active behavior of the subject - in action, or passive - inaction.
Among the signs of unlawful actions are: danger, criminal unlawfulness, guilt and punishment.
Considering the question of what a crime is, four main categories can be distinguished:
1. Less severe.
2. Of moderate severity.
3. Severe.
4. Particularly severe.
These categories depend on the nature and extent of the act committed. Environmental crimes are less serious.
These crimes are part of the unlawful acts against public safety and, according to criminal law, encroach on a healthy environment, as well as its individual objects and elements.
The Criminal Code includes 17 articles, which stipulate liability for environmental crimes. Some of the most common offenses include:
- non-compliance with environmental regulations during work;
- improper handling of environmentally unsafe waste and substances;
- non-observance of veterinary rules, as well as measures designed to combat plant diseases and pests;
- air pollution, sea water;
- spoilage and pollution of the earth;
- non-compliance with the rules for the use of the earth's interior;
- illegal fishing and hunting;
- damage and deforestation;
- non-compliance with the regime of protected natural objects and territories;
- destruction of rare plants and animals, as well as their habitats.
For environmental offenses , administrative, disciplinary, criminal and civil penalties are provided.
When considering the question of what a crime is, it is important to note that it varies in degree and nature. The degree depends on the comparative value of the objects, the method of committing a particular crime and the severity of the consequences. The nature is determined depending on social relations, consequences, the method of assault, form of guilt, as well as goals and motive.
Motive is one of the main components of a crime. This is what moves a person, what guides him at the time of the commission of a wrongful act.
Determining what the motive of a crime is, its main characteristics should be noted:
1. He explains the purpose of the unlawful act.
2. Decides on the classification of crime.
3. He can often mitigate or aggravate punishment.
4. The motive determines the level of danger of the personality of the criminal for society.
The motives for committing an offense are divided into base and deprived lowlands.
The base ones are self-interest, revenge, malice, hooligan motives and careerism.
Deprived lowlands are motives caused by individual and complex personal relationships, for example, compassion for a sick person.
When committing a crime, a person can be guided by several motives at once, which can be different in role and value. In such cases, the leading motive that underlies the classification of the crime is established.
A characteristic feature of the commission of an unlawful action is its composition. It includes four features that characterize the object and, therefore, the objective side of the crime, as well as the subject and subjective side.
Concluding that what a crime is, what are its main characteristics, regardless of motive, type or composition, one should remember guilt and timely punishment.