The development of speech is one of the most important tasks of a teacher in teaching his native language. One of the most effective methods for developing students' speech is to write an essay. This speech exercise increases the level of not only literacy, but also the creative activity of students. Writing an essay makes it possible to combine the knowledge gained and the personal experience of each student. At the same time, preparation for writing an essay helps enrich an active vocabulary and develop writing and speaking skills . Writing an essay requires a plan, the ability to highlight the main idea and build a text in a specific composition. Therefore, the composition contributes to the development of logical thinking and memory.
School essays have a genre division into narrative, description and reasoning. In this series, the essay-description is the most emotional genre that allows you to clearly show the individuality of the author. This is especially clearly seen in elementary school.
One of the most frequently used tasks for elementary school students is an essay describing nature or landscape. The development of speech in such an exercise is combined with the development of aesthetic perception, intelligence, and observation.
One of the first tasks for schoolchildren is the description of autumn. On the one hand, the school year traditionally begins in the fall. On the other hand, autumn, with its variety of colors and lyrical mood, is richly reflected in painting, poetry, and music. That is why the composition-description of autumn can be based on the creations of great masters. One of these options is a description of the autumn based on the paintings of I.I. Levitan.
In grades 4–5, the upbringing and educational success of an essay depends to a large extent on the work of the teacher. Pre-conducted extra-curricular activities (a walk in the autumn park with a discussion of what they saw, a competition of drawings or crafts from natural material collected on excursions) will help create the necessary emotional mood for students. In this case, the picture of the great artist presented by him and the theme of the lesson “Autumn. Composition-description ”will cause only positive emotions.
Musical works (for example, “The Seasons” by P. Tchaikovsky), verses by Pushkin, Tyutchev, Yesenin, and other poets will help the teacher prepare a lesson for writing an essay. Description of the fall, expressed by the lips of the classics, will help children to recognize and express their feelings. The picture presented for description, correlated with his own observations of the fall, will inevitably arouse interest in painting. Thus, the description of autumn in a school essay may not be a tedious exercise in the development of speech, but a bright event that will be remembered for a lifetime.
Such comprehensive events can be held on various topics repeatedly during the school year. Such lessons, in addition to fulfilling the main teaching function, help students to feel the works of art, perceive them as a refined reflection of reality and combine them with their own experiences.