Glucosuria is an ailment characterized by glucose in the urine. Her presence is vital. However, its concentration in a healthy person is so small that it is practically impossible to detect it using modern laboratory methods. But even such an indicator of glucose in the urine as zero, is evidence of serious problems in the body and requires urgent medical intervention.
Glucosuria is a disorder that can be congenital, or can develop under the influence of a number of factors. Regardless of this, pathology is capable of being transmitted at the genetic level. This, in turn, is very dangerous, because then the probability of giving birth to a dead or sick child increases.
Urinary glucosuria may indicate malfunctioning of the kidneys. In this case, the blood sugar level remains within normal limits. And there are times when the kidneys properly perform their function, but the blood sugar level is very high. This leads to an increased content of glucose in the urine and the development of glucosuria. The diagnosis is made only on the basis of daily urine analysis.
The mechanism of kidney function and the development of glucosuria
The proper functioning of the kidneys is as follows: they form primary urine. It contains various molecules, including glucose. All components are subject to reverse absorption.
Glucosuria mechanisms are triggered by an increase in the upper glucose threshold, when the kidneys simply cannot take all glucose from primary urine back. However, an ailment can occur even with the proper functioning of the kidneys, if the blood sugar level reaches a critical point.
This disease is very difficult to detect, since the symptoms accompanying it, as a rule, are not customary to pay special attention to. In fact, there are a lot of signs of this ailment. After all, an increase in sugar in the human body is a deviation from the norm, and any deviation will certainly manifest itself.
Signs of illness
The main sign of the development of glucosuria is a constant feeling of thirst. In this connection, a person begins to consume a large amount of liquid, which leads to increased urination, especially at night.
A person suffering from glucosuria can begin to lose weight dramatically. Weakness and drowsiness will become his usual "companions." Visual impairment, itching, especially in the genital area, or increased sweating may also be observed.
You need to more often listen to your body, then you can diagnose this ailment at an early stage. To do this, you just need to contact a medical institution and pass a daily urine test. If suddenly the result confirms your concerns, do not despair. The doctor will prescribe a treatment that will reduce blood sugar and prevent complications. In the future, it will only be necessary to monitor the maintenance of the required glucose level.
It is also important to know that pregnancy and diabetes are a catalyst for this disease.
Causes
There are a lot of reasons that can cause glucosuria, but special attention should be paid to the most common of them.
Causes of glucosuria:
- Diabetes mellitus is a disease that can be congenital. It can also develop under the influence of medicines, alcohol or other factors affecting the functioning of the kidneys. Glucosuria in diabetes is a great threat to human life.
- Blood poisoning.
- Thyroid malfunction or lack thereof.
- Pregnancy. During this period, a large number of changes occur in the body, and if glucosuria develops as a result of this, the baby's life will be in jeopardy.
- Excessive caffeine use, as well as drug use, can lead to this disease.
- The abuse of alcoholic beverages leads to dysfunction of all internal organs, to an increase in blood sugar, and glucosuria can become an addition to an already deplorable situation.
- Side effect of anesthesia.
- A shock situation for the body. For example, an extensive burn or numerous fractures.
Also, glucosuria is observed in renal failure, and quite often.
Forms
Depending on the reasons for the development of glucosuria, it can take different forms:
- Physiological. This form of glucosuria is inherent in completely healthy people. It manifests itself due to a tendency to overeat and abuse of drinks containing caffeine. Currently, physiological glucosuria is very common among young people. This is due to the fact that young people often and in large quantities consume energy drinks, a feature of which is a high caffeine content.
- Pathological. It develops due to kidney disease.
Kidney view
In medicine, it is customary to distinguish the following types of glucosuria: daily, renal and real. Each of them has a number of features and its own approach to treatment. Therefore, before fighting this disease, it is necessary to determine its type.
Renal glucosuria in most cases occurs due to congenital pathology of the kidneys. Incorrect operation of this organ helps to remove a large amount of glucose from the body, and this is indicated by its increased content in the urine. Excessive loss of sugar can lead to the fact that a person will feel a constant breakdown, a feeling of hunger and thirst. The development of this disease in children can lead to a delay in physical development.
Primary
Primary real glucosuria is characterized by an increased sugar content in the urine, while its content in the blood remains normal. Symptoms of this disease are unexpressed, since the body has a decrease in the renal threshold, and not a change in the work of internal organs. Despite this, the consequences of the disease can be irreversible if you do not seek medical help on time.
Secondary and daily glucosuria
Secondary real glucosuria is manifested in chronic kidney diseases.
Daily glucosuria is an increased indicator of glucose in daily urine. This ailment is most often temporary. It is associated with excessive consumption of sweets or with a lot of physical activity per day. The best solution when detecting daily glucosuria is a complete medical examination.
Having examined all types of pathology, we can conclude that most often the disease is observed with kidney disease.
Glucosuria treatment
Medicines designed to cure this disease do not yet exist.
If necessary, people with this diagnosis are given insulin and mineral-rich solutions. However, the most common way to deal with this ailment is proper nutrition. Patients with glucosuria need a large amount of carbohydrates and potassium, which they can get in the process of nutrition. In this regard, they need to adhere to a strict diet.
Glucosuria is a hereditary disease. Therefore, people with this disease, before conceiving a child, should consult with their doctor. After all, children suffering from glucosuria can lag behind their peers in physical development.
A pregnant woman with such a diagnosis should be constantly monitored. Since there is a threat to the life of the baby, and the probability of having a dead child is high.
Conclusion
Based on the foregoing, we can draw the following conclusion: glucosuria is not a specific disease, but a symptom. The future of a person depends on how timely it will be detected.
Almost all people suffering from diabetes and various kidney diseases regularly visit hospitals and monitor their glucose levels. And with such a pathology as glucosuria, they are familiar firsthand. However, as practice shows, this category of citizens is small. Most of us avoid visiting medical facilities and sometimes do not even know about our sores. Many learn about glucosuria quite by accident. Women in general can learn about this ailment only during pregnancy, when you have to take a large number of tests. This is a very sad fact. After all, neglecting yourself can cost the baby a life.
For the timely diagnosis of glucosuria and other diseases, you need to be more attentive to your body. Timely measures taken are a guarantee of good health.