The education system of the Russian Federation in recent decades has undergone significant transformations, one of which has been the introduction of examinations in the new format, GIA and Centralized Test, into the final certification of students. What is KIM, as well as about other intricacies of the exam, read in this article.
Certification system of the 90s of the XX century
So, a modern student completing a course of basic general education should at the end of training show skills and abilities that will characterize the level of his knowledge. The state final certification in the school is quite different from similar tests in the 90s of the last century. Then it was enough to write an essay on the Russian language and complete an assignment in algebra as mandatory exams and choose two or three general subjects at one’s discretion.
The examination committee, composed of the school’s teachers, accepted the answers of the subjects and delivered them a verdict based on the answers they heard or saw. The final examination procedure for the course of the main secondary school was practically the same - there were also required subjects (Russian language and mathematics) and subjects to choose from. According to the cumulative result, students received a certificate of graduation and could try their hand at a higher level of education, where entrance exams were required for training . What are KIMs at the time? Everything is quite simple - these are tickets for which you had to prepare.
Reform process
In this system, perfectly debugged, there was one flaw: students from remote settlements often for various reasons could not afford to get to face-to-face tests of the country's leading universities. Then it was decided to change the format of the exams themselves - instead of final and entrance tests, an intermediate option appears that combines both the first and second without the need to travel directly to the place of the university. Thus, the idea of greater access to quality education was realized. So the Unified State Examination appeared, the method of certification also changed. Since 2002, as an experiment, he started in some regions of Russia. All exam tasks were divided into three groups according to their degree of difficulty: part “A” - test items, part “B” - matching and logic, part “C” - detailed answers. Here is what KIMy USE at the moment. Until 2008, this method of testing graduates of educational institutions was tested on the territory of our country, and since 2009 it became mandatory for the final test of students' knowledge. For graduates of the ninth grades, assignments are built on the same model, but their number is reduced - that’s what GIM KIMs are for incomplete secondary education.
Two Level Exam
Control and measuring materials (this is what KIM is) were compiled taking into account all the necessary competencies of the student, and as a result about thirty tasks were obtained, their number varies depending on the subject. Especially for their creation, specialists from various industries from all over the country are involved, as a result, selection is made, and all possible options get their further existence in exams.
The Federal Institute of Pedagogical Measurements is involved in the preparation and editing of assignments. Thus, the tests should reveal the readiness and ability of the student to study at a university. The system is constantly being improved. Along with the Unified State Examination, similar tests for the 9th grade course were gradually introduced (what are the GIM KIMs for this level, we examined earlier), this is also an examination in the form of tests and detailed tasks. The differences between the two levels of the exam are in the degree of complexity and the number of final tasks.
What is KIMY USE
Now we will analyze in detail the actual content of tasks in all sections of the exam. As mentioned above, all issues in KIMs are divided into three groups. This is done specifically so that examiners can objectively assess the capabilities of students. The test part is the simplest and does not require large mental expenses, however, it is rated with the lowest scores. In order to successfully pass the final tests, this part cannot be resolved, the maximum possible score for this part in different disciplines does not exceed 25. The second group of tasks is already much more difficult and allows you to identify the basic and specific skills and knowledge of the student. It is estimated variably, however, in general, the total number of points for this part is higher. Finally, the most difficult questions are encountered in the final part of the exam. Successful completion of this type of tasks, coupled with the previous groups of questions, allows you to get 100 points and indicates a high educational level of the person who solved KIMs. What is it, now it’s clear, in fact, these are combined tasks.
The hardest part about the exam
Let us dwell on the tasks of group “C”. If the first two parts reveal the level of formation of abilities of increased educational potential, if parts “A” and “B” can be called variable tests, then the final tasks are complete comprehensive assessment tools. At the same time, this type of question is also used in the certification of specialists when hiring or during training courses. This was not done by chance, competencies allow a person to effectively understand the problem statement and how to solve it, the whole educational process is aimed at this. Combining different types of tasks, one can most deeply identify the degree of intellectual development of both a graduate and a specialist. Now it’s clear what KOSy and KIMy are in the modern educational environment?
GIA technology
Now we will analyze the procedure for passing both levels of the exam, primarily the GIA. A student who graduates from the 9th grade of the school is required to pass two compulsory exams and several optional ones at the end of the course. To conduct the tests, the authorities and educational bodies form examination points (as a rule, these are several schools to which all students of a certain municipality are attached), where everyone must come with a passport and a pass. After that, all schoolchildren are distributed by class and two test equipment are attached to each, then, in the presence of all interested parties, packages with tasks are opened. Each of them is assigned a number, in exact accordance with the number of people who pass the exam (this explains what the CMM number is), while the possibility of substitution of the option is excluded. In the case of incorrect filling of the title page of KIMs, the work is recognized by the commission as invalid, therefore, special attention is paid to briefing before the exam.
Tightening and innovation in final tests
Recently, due to more frequent cases of violation of the test delivery procedure, the conditions have been somewhat tightened. One of the latest innovations was the online broadcast of the exam, and this applies to both the State Automobile Inspection and the exam. On the exam, it is strictly forbidden to use mobile phones and other technical means, for any violation the student can be removed without the right to further pass the final tests. Small exemptions are allowed in relation to the ninth graders, however, for those graduating from the 11th grade, they are completely excluded. Each exam, depending on the discipline, is given a strictly defined amount of time, after which the work is submitted, taken into account and sent for further verification. The results are announced after ten working days from the calendar date of the State Automobile Inspection or the Unified State Examination. An appeal procedure is also provided, which can take place in case of disagreement with the student’s final exam results.
Decide your fate yourself
Summarizing, we can say that the most important part of a person’s life is education. Its various stages make it possible to identify particular inclinations and preferences in different people. It depends on them how to develop these abilities and put them at the service, and the final certification allows you to avoid annoying mistakes in training specialists and mobilize a person to achieve their goals. The main logic of any exam is the maximum possible analysis of knowledge in order to correct them.
We examined in sufficient detail the tasks that make up KIMA, what it is, the procedure and requirements of the exam. Now we can understand that the final certification is the most important stage in the life of every young person.