Let's talk about how to write an abstract. It is an independent work in the process of which certification of a student is carried out. To begin with, it is important to choose a topic for further research, determine goals and objectives, reflect your vision of the problem under consideration, and think through the logic of the presentation of the material.
Writing tasks
Let's try to understand how to write an essay on history. This discipline belongs to the humanities, therefore it does not involve writing mathematical formulas, carrying out algebraic calculations, geometric constructions.
For example, the purpose of the essay may be the study of the history of one family, a particular museum exhibit, and battle. Depending on what material will be taken for work, the goal is set, the objectives of the study are determined.
Arguing over how to write an abstract on chemistry, we note that it must contain the equations of the processes described in the main part.
Important aspects
Not all schoolchildren and students know how to write an abstract correctly. We will offer a sample below, but for now we’ll talk about the standards that apply to such work. The abstract is used to demonstrate the student's own achievements, which he will be able to show after a detailed study of the selected topic.
The author must demonstrate the ability to analyze the material from various sources, correctly present the theory, formulate conclusions, give recommendations on the subject under discussion.
Topic wording
How to write an abstract? This issue is currently relevant not only for students of secondary and higher educational institutions, but also for schoolchildren. After the introduction of second-generation federal educational standards to educational institutions, research became a mandatory element for students of all levels. An abstract is one of its types, so it is so important to have an idea of the features of its writing.
First, it is important to correctly formulate the theme of the work so that it fully reflects the essence of the abstract itself. For example, when considering how to write an essay on the history of a particular museum exhibit, it is important to understand what historical era it belongs to.
The material is selected so that it helps the author of the work to fully reveal the essence of the abstract.
Structure
Speaking about how to write an abstract correctly, let us dwell on its main elements. The visiting card is the title page, therefore, when designing it, you must take into account the requirements developed by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. In addition to the name of the educational institution on the basis of which the work is written, the title of the abstract is indicated. Then in the right part information about the author, his scientific adviser is indicated.
Speaking about how to write an abstract, we note that the year and place are indicated on the title page.
Next is a sheet with the table of contents (contents) of the work. All names of sections, paragraphs are indicated along with the pages. If the abstract has appendices, each of them should be entitled, indicated in the table of contents.
We continue the conversation on how to write an abstract. The teacher demonstrates a sample of the school essay to the children before they begin their independent activities. This will avoid problems associated with the design of the essay, increase the author’s chances for good reviews of the reviewer on his work.
Useful Tips
How to write an abstract correctly? The sample sections presented in the photo show how important it is to achieve a logical flow of one paragraph into another. If the logical connection between the individual parts of the essay is lost, the author will not be able to demonstrate the result of his activity, therefore, he will not talk about getting a positive mark for his work.
Of course, spelling and punctuation errors, stylistic errors, incorrect formulations are not allowed in the abstract.
How to write an abstract? Examples of finished work can be found in library collections. Special attention should be paid to the correctness of the bibliographic list.
First, sources selected for abstract activities should not be older than five years.
Secondly, it is important to consider those rules that are presented to the bibliographic list. Sources are listed in alphabetical order. In addition to the authors, the title of the work, the publisher, the year of issue, and the number of pages are recorded.
If the pages from the Internet were used when writing the abstract, they should also be noted in the list of references.
Requirements for registration of work
Let's try to figure out how to write an abstract? A sample of the title page, table of contents, design of the list of literature can be found on the website of the educational institution, on the basis of which it is written.
We only note some points, the knowledge of which will allow us to successfully cope with the task. For example, the text in the main part is typed 12-14 in Times New Roman font. Line spacing in abstracts is one and a half or double. Fields (indents) should be drawn in the sheet structure. Lower and upper margins - 20 mm, left margin - 30 mm, right margin - 15 mm.
It is important to consider that each new paragraph should begin with a red line, 1.25 cm indentation is allowed. The text is aligned to the width of the page, the names of the chapters are indicated in the center.
In the abstract, word wrap is not allowed, and after specifying the headings and titles of paragraphs, no points are put. All pages are numbered, the total abstract should not exceed 20 pages.
Finally
Before starting work on the abstract, it is important to carefully study the requirements for its design. The structure of such work includes: title page, table of contents, main body, experimental block, conclusion, conclusions and recommendations, bibliography, appendices.
In order for the volume of work carried out by the author of the study to be appreciated and noted by the teacher (scientific jury), it is important to present the material in a logical sequence, without departing from the topic of the work.
Currently, serious extracurricular activities are being carried out in general government institutions, research clubs and creative design associations are being created.
In theoretical classes, schoolchildren and students learn the basics of individual and collective project and abstract activities, then they practice the acquired skills in practice.
Such an activity allows teachers to identify talented and gifted children, build individual educational paths for them, and increase their cognitive interest in scientific and design activities.